超声电喷推力器的液滴发射机理研究
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摘要
为研究引出电场和超声波频率对液滴发射过程的影响机理,采用水平耦合集/体积分数法结合直接电水动力学算法的耦合方法对液滴发射过程进行数值模拟。经过试验验证,液滴粒径和发射数率的最大计算误差在12%以内。利用该模型计算发射液滴数率、粒径随引出电压、超声波频率的变化规律,以及进一步计算推力、比冲随引出电场、超声波频率的变化规律。计算结果显示:高引出电压会导致2个或2个以上液滴发射,令比冲随引出电压出现先增大后减小的趋势,而高超声频率对比冲的影响呈单调递增。
In order to study the changing law of the droplets emitting influenced by the extracting electrostatic field and the ultrasonic frequency,the hybrid approach of Coupled-Level-Set/Volume-of-Fluid and direct electrohydrodynamics algorithm has been conducted to solve the dynamical process of the droplet emitting.According to the verification test,the error maximums of both droplet diameter and number flow rate were less than 12%. Subsequently,the dynamic process of droplet emission,thrust and specific impulse with different the extracting voltage or the ultrasonic frequency were characterized based on the numerical approach above. According to the calculation results,a high extracting voltage leads to an emission of two or more than two droplets,and the specific impulse follows the"firstly increase and then decrease"law,while a monotone increasing trend of the specific impulse would occur with the ultrasonic frequency increasing. The results provide a reference of optimal design for the ultrasonically aided electrospray thruster
In order to study the changing law of the droplets emitting influenced by the extracting electrostatic field and the ultrasonic frequency,the hybrid approach of Coupled-Level-Set/Volume-of-Fluid and direct electrohydrodynamics algorithm has been conducted to solve the dynamical process of the droplet emitting.According to the verification test,the error maximums of both droplet diameter and number flow rate were less than 12%. Subsequently,the dynamic process of droplet emission,thrust and specific impulse with different the extracting voltage or the ultrasonic frequency were characterized based on the numerical approach above. According to the calculation results,a high extracting voltage leads to an emission of two or more than two droplets,and the specific impulse follows the"firstly increase and then decrease"law,while a monotone increasing trend of the specific impulse would occur with the ultrasonic frequency increasing. The results provide a reference of optimal design for the ultrasonically aided electrospray thruster
引文
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[3] Colleen M Marrese-Reading, John Anderson, Cecile Jung-Kubiak, et al. Silicon Emitter Needle and Array Design for Indium Electrospray Arrays for Spacecraft Propulsion[R]. AIAA 2016-4547.
[4] Kurt J Terhune,Lyon B King,Benjamin D Prince,et al.The Effects of Magnetic Surface Stress on Electrospray of an Ionic Liquid Ferrofluid[R]. AIAA 2016-4549.
[5] Nathaniel D,Vlad H,Nick LaMarre,et al. Electrospray Thruster Propellant Feed System for Gravity Wave Observation Missions[R]. AIAA 2016-4739.
[6] Wei-dong Song,U Shumlak. Ultrasonically Aided Electrospray Source for Charged Particles Approaching Monodisperse Distributions[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power,2010,26(2):353-363.
[7] Wei-dong Song, U Shumlak. Charged Nanopariticle Source for High Thrust Level Colloid Thruster[J]. Journal of Propulsion and Power,2008,24(1):139-141.
[8]张姚滨,杭观荣,董磊,等.超声电喷推进机理研究[J].中国空间科学技术,2016,36(1):9-17.
[9] Lei Dong,Wei-dong Song,Xiao-ming Kang,et al. A Performance Comparison of Ultrasonically Aided Electric Propulsion Extractor Configurations[J]. Acta Astronautica,2012,77:1-11.
[10] Xiao-ming Kang,Lei Dong,Wan-sheng Zhao. Performance of Propellant for Ultrasonically Aided Electric Propulsion[J]. Acta Astronautica,2014,98:1-8.
[11]于博,张岩,贺伟国,等.超声波电喷推力器羽流中和特性研究[J].物理学报,2018,67(4):1-12.
[12] Zheng Z W,Lee D S,Qiu X Q,et al. Numerical Analysis of Hollow Droplet Impact on a Flat Surface[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2017,66(1).
[13] Brackbill J U,Kothe D B,Zemach C. A Continuum Method for Modeling Surface Tension[J]. Journal of Computional Physics,1992,100:335-354.
[14] Ubbink O,Issa R I. A Method for Capturing Sharp Fluid Interfaces on Arbitrary Meshes[J]. Journal of Computional Physics,1999,153:26-50.
[15] Vasily G Suvorov,Niko M Zubarev. Formation of the Taylor Cone on the Surface of Liquid Metal in the Presence of an Electric Field[J]. Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2004,37:289-297.