不同脱氧方式对低合金高强钢局部腐蚀性能的影响
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摘要
采用Al脱氧和Zr-Ti复合脱氧方式对低合金高强钢进行脱氧,利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察不同脱氧方式下钢材组织形貌以及夹杂物等方面的差异。根据俄罗斯GOST 9.911—89标准进行室内模拟海水加速腐蚀试验以及电化学试验,探究不同脱氧方式对低合金高强钢局部腐蚀稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,2种脱氧方式形成的夹杂物均为细小氧化物。传统Al脱氧样品中的夹杂物呈球状或呈线性汇集,Zr-Ti复合脱氧样品中的夹杂物则主要呈球状均匀分布。采用Zr-Ti复合脱氧样品的局部耐海水腐蚀性能比常规Al脱氧样品更优异,ZrTi复合脱氧钢平均腐蚀速率比Al脱氧钢减小17.27%。同时,采用Zr-Ti复合脱氧,能有效控制夹杂物的类型、尺寸与分布,尺寸主要分布在1~5μm,Zr-Ti复合氧化物弥散分布于基体中,降低了点蚀诱发敏感性,提高了其耐海水局部腐蚀稳定性。
Al-deoxidation and Zr-Ti compound deoxidation were used to deoxidize high-strength low-alloy steel.The microstructure and inclusions of the steel under different deoxidation conditions were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.According to the Russian GOST 9.911—89 standard,the indoor accelerated corrosion test and electrochemical test were carried out to investigate the influence of different deoxidation methods on the local corrosion stability of high-strength low-alloy steels.The results show that the inclusions formed by the two deoxidation methods are all fine oxides.The inclusions formed in the Al-killed samples are spherical or linear,whereas the inclusions formed in the Zr-Ti-killed samples are uniformly distributed in spherical shape.The local corrosion resistance of Zr-Ti composite deoxidation samples in seawater is better than that of conventional Al deoxidation samples.The average corrosion rate of Zr-Ti composite deoxidation steels is reduced by 17.27%.Zr-Ti compound deoxidation can effectively control the type,size and distribution of inclusions,the size is mainly distributed in 1-5μm.The Zr-Ti composite oxide is dispersed in the matrix,which can reduce the sensitivity of pitting corrosion and improve its stability to seawater localized corrosion.
Al-deoxidation and Zr-Ti compound deoxidation were used to deoxidize high-strength low-alloy steel.The microstructure and inclusions of the steel under different deoxidation conditions were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.According to the Russian GOST 9.911—89 standard,the indoor accelerated corrosion test and electrochemical test were carried out to investigate the influence of different deoxidation methods on the local corrosion stability of high-strength low-alloy steels.The results show that the inclusions formed by the two deoxidation methods are all fine oxides.The inclusions formed in the Al-killed samples are spherical or linear,whereas the inclusions formed in the Zr-Ti-killed samples are uniformly distributed in spherical shape.The local corrosion resistance of Zr-Ti composite deoxidation samples in seawater is better than that of conventional Al deoxidation samples.The average corrosion rate of Zr-Ti composite deoxidation steels is reduced by 17.27%.Zr-Ti compound deoxidation can effectively control the type,size and distribution of inclusions,the size is mainly distributed in 1-5μm.The Zr-Ti composite oxide is dispersed in the matrix,which can reduce the sensitivity of pitting corrosion and improve its stability to seawater localized corrosion.
引文
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[3]张春霞,杨建强,张忠铧.00Cr13Ni5Mo2中D类夹杂物在酸化环境中的腐蚀行为研究[J].宝钢技术,2015(4):18.(Zhang C X,Yang J Q,Zhang Z H.Corrosion behavior of Dtype inclusion in acid solution for 00Cr13Ni5Mo2[J].Baosteel Technology,2015(4):18.)
[4]杨瑞成,陈华,李杰,等.400系铁素体不锈钢中夹杂物的检测及分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2010,36(12):5.(Yang R C,Chen H,Li J,et al.Test and analysis of inclusions in 400-series ferritic stainless steel[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2010,36(12):5.)
[5]李双江.不锈钢中夹杂物的形成机理及控制模型研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2011.(Li S J.Study on formation mechanism and control model of inclusion in stainless steel[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2011.)
[6]富琳.含Ti低碳钢耐海水腐蚀性能研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2010.(Fu L.Research on seawater corrosion resistance of low carbon steel containing titanium[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2010.)
[7]Dekkers R,Blanpain B,Wollants P,et al.A morphological comparison between inclusions in aluminum killed steels and deposits in submerged entry nozzle[J].Steel Research International,2003,74(6):351.
[8]李代钟.钢中的非金属夹杂物[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:28.(Li D Z.Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel[M].Beijing:Science Press,1983:28.)
[9]刘航航.钛、锆脱氧对钢中夹杂物和组织的影响[J].炼钢,2015,31(3):59.(Liu H H.Influence of titanium and zirconium complex dexidation on the inclusions and microstructure of steel[J].Steelmaking,2015,31(3):59.)
[10]Kivi9M,Holappa L,Iung T.Addition of dispersoid titanium oxide inclusions in steel and their influence on grain refinement[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions,2010,41B(6):1194.
[11]Han Y,Shi J,Xu L,et al.Effects of Ti addition and reheating quenching on grain refinement and mechanical properties in low carbon medium manganese martensitic steel[J].Materials and Design,2012,34:427.
[12]Chai F,Yang C F,Su H,el al.Effect of Zr addition to Tikilled steel on inclusion formation and microstructural evolution in welding induced coarse-grained heat affected zone[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica:English Letters,2008,21(3):220.
[13]Li Y,Wan X L,Lu W Y,et al.Effect of Zr-Ti combined deoxidation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength low-alloy steels[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2016,659A:179.
[14]李正邦,薛正良,张家雯,等.合成渣处理对弹簧钢脱氧及夹杂物控制的影响[J].特殊钢,2000,21(3):10.(Li Z B,Xue Z L,Zhang J W,et al.Effect of synthetic fluxtreatment on spring steel deoxidation and control of inclusion[J].Special Steel,2000,21(3):10)
[15]Baker M A,Castle J E.The initiation of pitting corrosion at MnS inclusions[J].Corrosion Science,1993,34(4):667.
[16]张春亚,陈学群,陈德斌,等.不同低碳钢的点蚀诱发敏感性及诱发机理研究[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2001,21(5):265.(Zhang C Y,Chen X Q,Chen D B,et al.Research of pitting susceptibility in low carbon steels and mechanism of pitting initiation[J].Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2001,21(5):265.)
[17]岳丽杰,王龙妹,朴秀玉,等.10PCuRE钢的耐大气腐蚀性及耐蚀机理[J].钢铁研究学报,2006,18(1):34.(Yue L J,Wang L M,Pu X Y,et al.Weather resistance and its mechanism for 10PCuRE steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2006,18(1):34.)
[18]李亚波,王福明,李长荣,等.铈对低硫铁素体不锈钢抗点蚀性能的影响[J].稀土,2010,31(3):30.(Wang Y B,Wang F M,Li C R,et al.Effect of cerium on pitting resistance of low sulphur ferritic stainless steels[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2010,31(3):30.)
[19]李钰.钢中氧化物与溶质原子的相互作用及其对铁素体形成的影响[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2016.(Li Y.Interaction between oxides and solute atoms in steel and the effects on the formation of ferrite[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2016.)
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