不同大小辽东栎种子的脱水敏感性
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摘要
以采自宁夏六盘山区的辽东栎种子为材料,在缓慢脱水和快速脱水条件下,研究了不同大小种子的脱水耐性。结果表明,轻度脱水对种子萌发具有促进作用,但种子萌发率随着脱水时间的延长和含水量的继续减少而显著降低;不论是缓慢脱水还是快速脱水,不同大小种子的萌发速率和萌发指数均随脱水时间的延长持续减小或波动性减小,且都在缓慢脱水36h后和快速脱水8h后显著降低;活力指数在缓慢脱水72h和快速脱水24h前的各脱水阶段均不同程度地增大,但在缓慢脱水120h和快速脱水48h后显著减小。大种子含水量和萌发率在脱水过程中始终显著高于小种子;尽管不同大小种子间的萌发率仅在脱水后期差异显著,但大种子萌发速率、萌发指数和活力指数均显著大于小种子,且在脱水处理后期所有萌发参数在不同大小种子间均差异显著。
Taking Quercus wutaishanicaseeds collected from Liupan Mountain of Ningxia as test materials,experiments were conducted to investigate the desiccation sensitivity of seeds of different size to slow and rapid drying rate.The results showed that the germination of Q.wutaishanica seeds were accelerated by slight desiccation of both slow and rapid drying treatments,while the germination percentage significantly declined with the delay of drying time and the decreasing of moisture content of seeds.The germination rates and germination indices of both large and small seeds decreased continually or fluctuatly with the extending of drying period regardless of slow or rapid desiccation treatment.Moreover,both of them decreased significantly after slow drying for 36 hand rapid drying for 8 h.The vigor indices increased in various degrees in different drying periods before being treated by slow drying 72 hand rapid drying 24 h,but declined markedly after slow desiccation for 120 hand rapid desiccation for 48 h.The moisture contents and germination percentages of large seeds were always significantly higher than those of small seeds during both slow and rapid drying periods.In spite of the fact that significant difference of germination percentage between large and small seeds was detected only in late stages of desiccation,the germination rate,germination indices and vigor indices of large seeds all higher significantly than those of small seeds,and significant difference in all germination parameters were found between large and small seeds at the period of desiccation treatments.
Taking Quercus wutaishanicaseeds collected from Liupan Mountain of Ningxia as test materials,experiments were conducted to investigate the desiccation sensitivity of seeds of different size to slow and rapid drying rate.The results showed that the germination of Q.wutaishanica seeds were accelerated by slight desiccation of both slow and rapid drying treatments,while the germination percentage significantly declined with the delay of drying time and the decreasing of moisture content of seeds.The germination rates and germination indices of both large and small seeds decreased continually or fluctuatly with the extending of drying period regardless of slow or rapid desiccation treatment.Moreover,both of them decreased significantly after slow drying for 36 hand rapid drying for 8 h.The vigor indices increased in various degrees in different drying periods before being treated by slow drying 72 hand rapid drying 24 h,but declined markedly after slow desiccation for 120 hand rapid desiccation for 48 h.The moisture contents and germination percentages of large seeds were always significantly higher than those of small seeds during both slow and rapid drying periods.In spite of the fact that significant difference of germination percentage between large and small seeds was detected only in late stages of desiccation,the germination rate,germination indices and vigor indices of large seeds all higher significantly than those of small seeds,and significant difference in all germination parameters were found between large and small seeds at the period of desiccation treatments.
引文
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[4]田美华,赵正武,唐安军.苏铁种子的脱水敏感性及温湿条件对种子后熟的影响[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(2):225-233.
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[11]闫兴富,杜茜,石淳,等.六盘山区辽东栎的实生苗更新及其影响因子[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(9):914-925.
[12]Xia K,Daws MI,Zhou ZK,et al.Habitat-linked temperature requirements for fruit germination in Quercus species:A comparative study of Quercus subgenus Cyclobalanopsis(Asian evergreen oaks)and Quercus subgenus Quercus[J].South African Journal of Botany,2015,100:108-113.
[13]何惠英,宋松泉.滇南红厚壳种子的脱水敏感性及其影响萌发的因子[J].云南植物研究,2003,25(6):687-692.
[14]杨期和,袁培华,廖富林,等.假槟榔种子催芽技术和脱水耐性的研究[J].广西植物,2007,27(6):913-917.
[15]Xia K,Daws MI,Stuppy W,et al.Rates of water loss and uptake in recalcitrant fruits of Quercus species are determined by pericarp anatomy[J].Plos One,2012,7:e 47 368.
[16]邵玉涛,殷寿华,兰芹英,等.假槟榔种子脱水耐性的发育变化[J].云南植物研究,2006,28(5):515-522.
[17]文彬.试论种子顽拗性的复合数量性状特征[J].云南植物研究,2008,30(1):76-88.
[18]Jayasuriya KMGG,Wijetunga ASTB,Baskin JM,et al.Physiological epicotyl dormancy and recalcitrant storage behavior in seeds of two tropical Fabaceae(subfamily Caesalpinioideae)species[J].AoB Plants,2012(1):pls 044.
[19]陈俊松,陈润政,傅家瑞.枇杷种子的脱水敏感性与膜脂过氧化作用[J].植物生理学报,1999,25(4):369-374.
[2]Ntuli,TM,Berjak P,Pammenter NW.Tissue diversity in respiratory metabolism and free radical processes in embryonic axes of the white mangrove(Avicennia marina)during drying and wet storage[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2014,13:S 57-S 66.
[3]李磊,孙雪婷,张广辉,等.脱水速率对顽拗性三七种子脱水敏感性和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].种子,2014,33(12):1-5.
[4]田美华,赵正武,唐安军.苏铁种子的脱水敏感性及温湿条件对种子后熟的影响[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(2):225-233.
[5]Berjak P,Pammenter NW,Bornman CH.Biotechnological aspects of non-orthodox seeds:an African perspective[J].South African Journal of Botany,2004,70:102-108.
[6]闫兴富,曹敏.橡胶树种子对脱水的敏感性[J].植物生理学报,2008,44(2):243-246.
[7]Wesley-Smith J,Pammenter NW,Berjak P,et al.The effects of two drying rates on the desiccation tolerance of embryonic axes of recalcitrant jackfruit(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)seeds[J].Annals of Botany-London,2001,88:653-664.
[8]路信,罗银玲,王一帆,等.不同脱水速率对木奶果种子脱水敏感性及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].云南植物研究,2004,32(4):361-366.
[9]Hong,TD,Ellis RH.Contrasting seed storage behavior among different species of Meliaceae[J].Seed Science and Technology,1998,26:77-95.
[10]Xia K,Daws MI,Hay FR,et al.A comparative study of desiccation responses of seeds of Asian Evergreen Oaks,Quercus,subgenus Cyclobalanopsis,and Quercus,subgenus Quercus[J].South African Journal of Botany,2012,78:47-54.
[11]闫兴富,杜茜,石淳,等.六盘山区辽东栎的实生苗更新及其影响因子[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(9):914-925.
[12]Xia K,Daws MI,Zhou ZK,et al.Habitat-linked temperature requirements for fruit germination in Quercus species:A comparative study of Quercus subgenus Cyclobalanopsis(Asian evergreen oaks)and Quercus subgenus Quercus[J].South African Journal of Botany,2015,100:108-113.
[13]何惠英,宋松泉.滇南红厚壳种子的脱水敏感性及其影响萌发的因子[J].云南植物研究,2003,25(6):687-692.
[14]杨期和,袁培华,廖富林,等.假槟榔种子催芽技术和脱水耐性的研究[J].广西植物,2007,27(6):913-917.
[15]Xia K,Daws MI,Stuppy W,et al.Rates of water loss and uptake in recalcitrant fruits of Quercus species are determined by pericarp anatomy[J].Plos One,2012,7:e 47 368.
[16]邵玉涛,殷寿华,兰芹英,等.假槟榔种子脱水耐性的发育变化[J].云南植物研究,2006,28(5):515-522.
[17]文彬.试论种子顽拗性的复合数量性状特征[J].云南植物研究,2008,30(1):76-88.
[18]Jayasuriya KMGG,Wijetunga ASTB,Baskin JM,et al.Physiological epicotyl dormancy and recalcitrant storage behavior in seeds of two tropical Fabaceae(subfamily Caesalpinioideae)species[J].AoB Plants,2012(1):pls 044.
[19]陈俊松,陈润政,傅家瑞.枇杷种子的脱水敏感性与膜脂过氧化作用[J].植物生理学报,1999,25(4):369-374.