列管式烟气–烟气换热器烟道系统优化设计
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摘要
烟气管道换热器入口流场分布不均会引起严重的噪声污染,同时制约其安全性,因此对其入口流场的优化具有非常重要的工程意义。以某燃烧电厂列管式GGH换热器为研究对象对其入口流场进行优化,探究不同导流装置的设计对其内流场的影响。基于Fluent软件对GGH烟道系统进行数值模拟,GGH换热器结构复杂,按照原型设计并划分网格较困难,为简化模型考虑采用多孔介质模型替代,并通过加装导流装置对烟道系统结构进行优化。结果发现:数值模拟中原烟道、净烟道换热器压降数值与实验数据吻合。通过加装导流板和布风板,可以保证系统内原烟道、净烟道换热器入口烟气速度均匀度与偏态系数均低于20%。合理的设计导流板、布风板能够起到抑制90??弯管以及变截面引起的流场分离现象,消除大涡流的产生,使烟气更均匀地进入换热器。
The uneven distribution at inlet flow field of heat exchanger will not only cause serious noise pollution, but also restrict its security. Optimization of the inlet flow field is a very effective solution to this problem. To optimize a tubular gas-gas heater, the influence of different diversion devices on the flow field in the system was investigated. Numerical simulation of gas-gas heater flue system was carried out based on fluent software. The structure of heat exchanger is complex,in order to save computation cost, it is considered to be a porous media model. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data, it shows that the simulation model with porous media model has high accuracy and reliability. Splitters and distributors was added to optimized the inner flow field.The velocity uniformity and deviation coefficient of the flue has been used to evaluate the flow fields uniformity. By compared the flow field uniformity to determine the merits of the different optimization scheme, the results show that reasonable design splitters and distributors guide plate could restrain the flow separation caused by 90? elbow and variable section, and weaken the production of large vortex.
The uneven distribution at inlet flow field of heat exchanger will not only cause serious noise pollution, but also restrict its security. Optimization of the inlet flow field is a very effective solution to this problem. To optimize a tubular gas-gas heater, the influence of different diversion devices on the flow field in the system was investigated. Numerical simulation of gas-gas heater flue system was carried out based on fluent software. The structure of heat exchanger is complex,in order to save computation cost, it is considered to be a porous media model. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data, it shows that the simulation model with porous media model has high accuracy and reliability. Splitters and distributors was added to optimized the inner flow field.The velocity uniformity and deviation coefficient of the flue has been used to evaluate the flow fields uniformity. By compared the flow field uniformity to determine the merits of the different optimization scheme, the results show that reasonable design splitters and distributors guide plate could restrain the flow separation caused by 90? elbow and variable section, and weaken the production of large vortex.
引文
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[14]张健平,王晓宏,施安峰,等.布风板结构影响油菜籽流化床干燥特性试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(13):293-302.Zhang Jianping,Wang Xiaohong,Shi Anfeng,et al.Experiment on influence of distributor structure on drying characteristics of rapeseed(Brassica rapus)fluidized bed[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(13):293-302(in Chinese).
[15]Patankar S V,Spalding D B.Heat exchanger design theory source book[M].New York:Mc GRAW-Hill Book Company,1974:155-176.
[16]毛剑宏,蒋新伟,钟毅,等.变截面倾斜烟道导流板对AIG入口流场的影响[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2011,45(8):1453-1457.Mao Jianhong,Jiang Xinwei,Zhong Yi,et al.The effect of splitters layout at variable cross-section inclined flue on AIG inlet flow field[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2011,45(8):1453-1457(in Chinese).
[17]吴峰,王秋旺,罗来勤,等.空气横掠波纹管束流动与传热性能的数值模拟[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(1):109-111.Wu Feng,Wang Qiuwang,Luo Laiqin,et al.Numerical simulation on heat transfer and fliud flow of air across corrugated tube bundles[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2003,24(1):109-111(in Chinese).
[18]周强泰,华永明,赵伶玲.锅炉原理[M].2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2009:15-20.Zhou Qiangtai,Hua Yongming,Zhao Lingling.Boiler principle[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009:15-20(in Chinese).
[19]杨文娟,孙奉仲,黄新元,等.300MW机组凝汽器汽侧换热性能的三维数值模拟与分析[J].中国动力工程学报,2005,25(2):174-178.Yang Wenjuan,Sun Fengzhong,Huang Xinyuan,et al.Three-dimensional numerical simulation and analysis of the steam flow field and heat exchange performance of a300MW steam turbine's condenser[J].Chinese Journal of Power Engineering,2005,25(2):174-178(in Chinese).
[20]Huang L Y,Wen J X,Karayiannis T G,et al.CFDmodelling of fluid flow and heat transfer in a shell and tube heat exchanger[J].The PHOENICS Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics and its Applications,1996,9(2):181-209.
[21]Fluent Incorporated.FLUENT 6.0 Tutorial Guide Volumes[M].Lebanon:Fluent Inc.,2001.
[22]陶红歌,陈焕新,谢军龙,等.基于面积加权平均速度和质量加权平均速度的流体流动均匀性指标探讨[J].化工学报,2010,61(S2):116-120.Tao Hongge,Chen Huanxin,Xie Junlong,et al.Flow uniformity index based on area-weighted and mass-weighted average velocity[J].CIESC Journal,2010,61(S2):116-120(in Chinese).
[23]周健.SCR反应器入口段流场均匀性的数值模拟研究[D].保定:华北电力大学(保定),2008.Zhou Jian.Numerical simulation study of fluid field uniformity across inlet section of SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)reactor[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University(Baoding),2008(in Chinese).
[2]田鑫,胡清,孙少鹏,等.氟塑料换热器技术在燃煤电厂的应用现状及前景分析[J].发电与空调,2015(5):15-18.Tian Xin,Hu Qing,Sun Shaopeng,et al.Applicating situation and prospect analysis of the technology about fluorine plastic heat exchanger in the coal-fired units[J].Power Generation&Air Condition,2015(5):15-18(in Chinese).
[3]龙隽雅.电站锅炉低温省煤器设计及前后烟道流场均匀性模拟[D].上海:东华大学,2014.Long Juanya.Design of boiler economizer and simulation of folw field about uniformity[D].Shanghai:Donghua University,2014(in Chinese).
[4]曹丽华,司和勇,董恩伏,等.汽轮机排汽通道气动性能优化及凝汽器换热特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(12):3597-3604.Cao Lihua,Si Heyong,Dong Enfu,et al.Aerodynamic performance optimization in exhaust passage and analysis of heat transfer characteristics of condenser in steam turbine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(12):3597-3604(in Chinese).
[5]付文锋,刘康,周兰欣.耦合末级的1000MW汽轮机排汽通道数值模拟[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4722-4730.Fu Wenfeng,Liu Kang,Zhou Lanxin.Numerical simulation of the exhaust passage coupling with last stage in a 1000MW steam turbine[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4722-4730(in Chinese).
[6]蔡小峰,李晓芸.SCR反应塔入口段烟气速度场的数值模拟[J].电力环境保护,2006,22(5):18-19.Cai Xiaofeng,Li Xiaoyun.Numerical simulation for flue gas velocity field at the entry section of SCR reaction tower[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2006,22(5):18-19(in Chinese).
[7]雷达,金保升.喷氨格栅处烟气速度场对高效SCR均流与还原剂混合性能的影响[J].热能动力工程,2009,24(1):113-119.Lei Da,Jin Baosheng.Influence of the flue gas velocity field at an ammonia-injectian grid on uniform flow and reducing-gent mixing performance of a high-efficiency SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)device[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2009,24(1):113-119(in Chinese).
[8]沈丹,仲兆平,过小玲.600MW电厂SCR烟气脱硝反应器内不同导流板的流场数值模拟[J].电力环境保护,2007,23(1):42-45.Shen Dan,Zhong Zhaoping,Guo Xiaoling.Numerical simulation of different guide plates in selective catalytic reduction denitrification reactor of 600MW power plant[J].Electric Power Environmental Protection,2007,23(1):42-45(in Chinese).
[9]Reader-Harris M.Orifice plates and venturi tubes[M].Cham:Springer,2015:245-280.
[10]魏新利,马新辉.应用Fluent软件研究流化床中布风板结构[J].能源工程,2006(2):15-19.Wei Xinli,Ma Xinhui.The structral choice and optimum of distributor in fluidized bed by Fluent software[J].Energy Engineering,2006(2):15-19(in Chinese).
[11]徐妍,李文彦.SCR脱硝反应器导流板的结构设计[J].热力发电,2008,37(10):49-52,54.Xu Yan,Li Wenyan.Structure design of baffle plates in SCR denitrification reactor[J].Thermal Power Generation,2008,37(10):49-52,54(in Chinese).
[12]Rogers K,Albrecht M,Varner M.Numerical modeling for design optimization of SCR applications[C]//Proceedings of the ICAC NOx Forum.Washington:ICAC,2000.
[13]Adams B,Cremer M,Valentine J,et al.Use of CFDmodeling for design of NOx reduction systems in utility Boilers[C]//Proceedings of 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference.Scottsdale,Arizona,USA:ASME,2002:695-702.
[14]张健平,王晓宏,施安峰,等.布风板结构影响油菜籽流化床干燥特性试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(13):293-302.Zhang Jianping,Wang Xiaohong,Shi Anfeng,et al.Experiment on influence of distributor structure on drying characteristics of rapeseed(Brassica rapus)fluidized bed[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(13):293-302(in Chinese).
[15]Patankar S V,Spalding D B.Heat exchanger design theory source book[M].New York:Mc GRAW-Hill Book Company,1974:155-176.
[16]毛剑宏,蒋新伟,钟毅,等.变截面倾斜烟道导流板对AIG入口流场的影响[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2011,45(8):1453-1457.Mao Jianhong,Jiang Xinwei,Zhong Yi,et al.The effect of splitters layout at variable cross-section inclined flue on AIG inlet flow field[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2011,45(8):1453-1457(in Chinese).
[17]吴峰,王秋旺,罗来勤,等.空气横掠波纹管束流动与传热性能的数值模拟[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(1):109-111.Wu Feng,Wang Qiuwang,Luo Laiqin,et al.Numerical simulation on heat transfer and fliud flow of air across corrugated tube bundles[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2003,24(1):109-111(in Chinese).
[18]周强泰,华永明,赵伶玲.锅炉原理[M].2版.北京:中国电力出版社,2009:15-20.Zhou Qiangtai,Hua Yongming,Zhao Lingling.Boiler principle[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009:15-20(in Chinese).
[19]杨文娟,孙奉仲,黄新元,等.300MW机组凝汽器汽侧换热性能的三维数值模拟与分析[J].中国动力工程学报,2005,25(2):174-178.Yang Wenjuan,Sun Fengzhong,Huang Xinyuan,et al.Three-dimensional numerical simulation and analysis of the steam flow field and heat exchange performance of a300MW steam turbine's condenser[J].Chinese Journal of Power Engineering,2005,25(2):174-178(in Chinese).
[20]Huang L Y,Wen J X,Karayiannis T G,et al.CFDmodelling of fluid flow and heat transfer in a shell and tube heat exchanger[J].The PHOENICS Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics and its Applications,1996,9(2):181-209.
[21]Fluent Incorporated.FLUENT 6.0 Tutorial Guide Volumes[M].Lebanon:Fluent Inc.,2001.
[22]陶红歌,陈焕新,谢军龙,等.基于面积加权平均速度和质量加权平均速度的流体流动均匀性指标探讨[J].化工学报,2010,61(S2):116-120.Tao Hongge,Chen Huanxin,Xie Junlong,et al.Flow uniformity index based on area-weighted and mass-weighted average velocity[J].CIESC Journal,2010,61(S2):116-120(in Chinese).
[23]周健.SCR反应器入口段流场均匀性的数值模拟研究[D].保定:华北电力大学(保定),2008.Zhou Jian.Numerical simulation study of fluid field uniformity across inlet section of SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)reactor[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University(Baoding),2008(in Chinese).