文化景观视角下的福建河坑村土楼群自然景观保护与发展研究
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摘要
相对于文化遗产,文化景观遗产由于所含要素更加丰富,并有着特定而复杂的自然、经济和社会结构,往往具有整体性功能和多样化利用价值。以世界文化遗产——河坑村土楼群为例,通过对村落历史沿革、选址布局及生态山水环境等方面的梳理分析,重点剖析自然景观构成要素与现状风貌,并挖掘具有地域特色的水景观与稻田景观类型。最后在整体风貌保护、人居环境改善、适度旅游开发等方面提出河坑村文化景观遗产保护与发展策略,为制定传统村落文化景观整体性保护框架提供参考依据。
Compared with cultural heritage, cultural landscape heritage contains more elements, and has a natural, economic and social structure. This paper takes Hekeng Village as an example, which owns Hakka earth buildings of world heritage. Through analyzing the historical evolution, location layout and ecological landscape environment of Hekeng Village, the paper focuses on the elements of natural landscape and the present situation. Then it excavates the types of waterscape and paddy landscape with regional characteristics. Finally, the protection and development strategies are proposed on the protection of the overall style, improvement of human settlements and appropriate tourism development, which will provide a reference for formulating the overall protection framework of traditional village cultural landscape.
Compared with cultural heritage, cultural landscape heritage contains more elements, and has a natural, economic and social structure. This paper takes Hekeng Village as an example, which owns Hakka earth buildings of world heritage. Through analyzing the historical evolution, location layout and ecological landscape environment of Hekeng Village, the paper focuses on the elements of natural landscape and the present situation. Then it excavates the types of waterscape and paddy landscape with regional characteristics. Finally, the protection and development strategies are proposed on the protection of the overall style, improvement of human settlements and appropriate tourism development, which will provide a reference for formulating the overall protection framework of traditional village cultural landscape.
引文
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[2]周年兴,俞孔坚,黄震方.关注遗产保护的新动向:文化景观[J].人文地理,2006,21(5):61-65.
[3]韩锋.世界遗产文化景观及其国际新动向[J].中国园林,2007,23(11):18-21.
[4]童明康.2008世界遗产保护·杭州论坛总结[J].杭州文博,2008(1):6-7;132.
[5]韩锋.文化景观:填补自然和文化之间的空白[J].中国园林,2010,26(9):7-11.
[6]王云才,史欣.传统地域文化景观空间特征及形成机理[J].同济大学学报:社会科学版,2010,21(1):31-38.
[7]王云才.传统地域文化景观之图式语言及其传承[J].中国园林,2009,25(10):73-76.
[8]王云才,Mil er P,Katen B.文化景观空间传统性评价及其整体保护格局:以江苏昆山千灯-张浦片区为例[J].地理学报,2011,66(4):525-534.
[9]单霁翔.乡村类文化景观遗产保护的探索与实践[J].中国名城,2010(4):4-11.
[10]高雅玲.福建土楼古村落景观保护研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2012.
[11]李俊杰.永定土楼世遗地景观中客家文化的保护与传承[D].福州:福建农林大学,2013.
[12]沈晖.福建洪坑客家土楼民俗文化村景观规划设计初探[J].农业科技与信息(现代园林),2014,11(9):51-56.
[13]李姗婷.基于闽南土楼再利用的文化型绿道构建[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.
[14]隋春花.客家文化蕴含的生态智慧及其当代价值研究[J].嘉应学院学报,2013,31(1):10-14.
[15]杨宝,宁倩.传统生土民居建筑遗产保护对策:浅议福建永定客家土楼的保护[J].华中建筑,2007(10):162-165.