缓释肥条件水稻节水灌溉模式适宜性研究
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摘要
为探明缓释氮肥条件水稻节水灌溉模式适宜性,开展了水稻缓释肥条件不同节水灌溉模式桶栽试验,分析了水稻生育期株高、叶绿素SPAD值、黄熟期产量、秕粒、空秕粒率及干物质分配等变化特征。结果表明,淹灌对株高的促进效果最好,黄熟期达122.5cm,比最差的间歇淹水高9.4%,蓄雨型灌溉模式叶绿素SPAD值7月下旬以后增幅8.7%,生物生命特征强劲,间歇淹水最弱;蓄雨型灌溉模式产量最高为8 364.8kg/hm~2,浅湿晒次之,为7 574.7kg/hm~2,比淹灌分别高36.9%、23.9%;缓释肥条件蓄雨型灌溉模式产量高、秕粒量及空秕粒率低,是最适宜的节水灌溉模式。
To study the suitability of applying slow-release fertilizer of rice cultivation coupled with water saving irrigation,barrels of rice cultivation experiment under different irrigation modes were carried out during rice growing period.Results show that final promoting effect for plant height adopting CFI is the best of all irrigation modes,which comes up to 122.5 cm at yellow ripe stage and is 9.4% higher than AWD mode.Chlorophyll SPAD amplification from the last tenday of July to growth end of RI is 8.7%,presenting powerful biology life signs.Meanwhile Chlorophyll SPAD of AWD is the weakest,relatively.The highest and secondary yield of all irrigation modes are RI and TSAWD,which come up to 8364.8 kg/ha and 7 574.7 kg/ha,and are 36.9%,23.9% higher than CFI,respectively.According to its high yield,high abortive grain and low sterile grain rate,RI is the most optimum rice water-saving irrigation mode based on slow-release fertilizer.
To study the suitability of applying slow-release fertilizer of rice cultivation coupled with water saving irrigation,barrels of rice cultivation experiment under different irrigation modes were carried out during rice growing period.Results show that final promoting effect for plant height adopting CFI is the best of all irrigation modes,which comes up to 122.5 cm at yellow ripe stage and is 9.4% higher than AWD mode.Chlorophyll SPAD amplification from the last tenday of July to growth end of RI is 8.7%,presenting powerful biology life signs.Meanwhile Chlorophyll SPAD of AWD is the weakest,relatively.The highest and secondary yield of all irrigation modes are RI and TSAWD,which come up to 8364.8 kg/ha and 7 574.7 kg/ha,and are 36.9%,23.9% higher than CFI,respectively.According to its high yield,high abortive grain and low sterile grain rate,RI is the most optimum rice water-saving irrigation mode based on slow-release fertilizer.
引文
[1]邵东国,李颖,杨平富,等.水稻节水条件下氮素的利用及环境效应分析[J].水利学报,2015,46(2):146-151.
[2]孙爱华,朱士江,张忠学.不同灌溉模式下氮磷钾配比及追施比例对水稻生长特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(10):31-35,63.
[3]姚林,郑华斌,刘建霞,等.中国水稻节水灌溉技术的现状及发展趋势[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1 381-1 387.
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[6]裘正军,宋海燕,何勇,等.应用SPAD和光谱技术研究油菜生长期间的氮素变化规律[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(7):150-154.
[2]孙爱华,朱士江,张忠学.不同灌溉模式下氮磷钾配比及追施比例对水稻生长特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(10):31-35,63.
[3]姚林,郑华斌,刘建霞,等.中国水稻节水灌溉技术的现状及发展趋势[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1 381-1 387.
[4]茆智.水稻节水灌溉及其对环境的影响[J].中国工程科学,2002,4(7):8-16.
[5]胡昊,白由路,杨俐苹,等.基于SPAD-502与GreenSeeker的冬小麦氮营养诊断研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(4):748-752.
[6]裘正军,宋海燕,何勇,等.应用SPAD和光谱技术研究油菜生长期间的氮素变化规律[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(7):150-154.