城市群客运网络节点重要度识别方法
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摘要
为了识别城市群中城市节点重要度,考虑城市基础经济属性、城市公路与铁路客运拓扑网络属性以及城市联系强度属性3方面特性,提出了一种新的城市群综合节点重要度计算方法。首先通过传统节点重要度计算方法,考虑经济、交通以及信息活跃度3种特性,计算城市群中各城市基础经济属性;其次,基于城市群综合客运网络拓扑结构,引入复杂网络中聚集度以及介数中心性指标,分别计算公路与铁路综合城市拓扑网络属性;然后,由于城市群中各城市联系相关性较强,因此在考虑城市群各城市联接属性的基础上运用改进的重力模型构建城市联系强度模型,计算城市联系强度属性指标;随后通过全多边形综合图式法综合上述3方面属性得出城市综合节点重要度,并根据k-means聚类分析得到城市群中城市重要度分级,为城市群综合交通运输网络的构建与完善提供参考。最后,为验证方法的合理性与适用性,以四川城市群为例进行了实例计算。结果表明,四川城市群是以成都为核心的单核城市群,其次重要城市内江与南充可以作为四川城市群的辅助核心,分担成都城市经济与交通的发展压力。同时,四川城市群存在11个一般城市与5个不重要城市,说明四川城市群仍旧在发展阶段。
To identify the urban node importance in the urban agglomeration, considering the characteristics of urban basic economic attributes, topological attributes of road and railway transport networks, and urban linkage strength attributes, a new method for calculating comprehensive node importance of urban agglomeration is proposed. First, considering 3 features including economic, transport and information activity, the basic urban economic attribute indexes are calculated by traditional node importance calculation method. Second, based on the topology structure of comprehensive passenger transport network, the aggregation and betweenness centrality index in complex network theory are introduced to calculate the topological attributes of road and railway passenger transport networks. Third, because of the strong linkage among cities in the urban agglomeration, an urban linkage strength model is set up by using the improved gravity model to compute the linkage strength indexes based on the linkage attributes among cities in the metropolitan area. Afterwards, by using the entire-array-polygon(EAP) method and integrating the 3 aforementioned attributes, the synthetic node importance degree is obtained to acquire the grades of cities in the urban agglomeration by k-means cluster analysis, which can be utilized for the construction and improvement of transport network in urban agglomeration. At last, a case study based on the Sichuan urban agglomeration in is performed to verify the rationality and applicability of the method. The result shows that(1)Sichuan metropolitan is a single-core(Chengdu City) urban agglomeration, and the 2 submajor cities(Neijiang City and Nanchong City) can be seen as the auxiliary cores to share the economic and transport development pressure of Chengdu City. Besides, there are 11 normal cities and 5 insignificant cities in Sichuan urban agglomeration, indicating that the Sichuan megalopolis is still in the stage of development.
To identify the urban node importance in the urban agglomeration, considering the characteristics of urban basic economic attributes, topological attributes of road and railway transport networks, and urban linkage strength attributes, a new method for calculating comprehensive node importance of urban agglomeration is proposed. First, considering 3 features including economic, transport and information activity, the basic urban economic attribute indexes are calculated by traditional node importance calculation method. Second, based on the topology structure of comprehensive passenger transport network, the aggregation and betweenness centrality index in complex network theory are introduced to calculate the topological attributes of road and railway passenger transport networks. Third, because of the strong linkage among cities in the urban agglomeration, an urban linkage strength model is set up by using the improved gravity model to compute the linkage strength indexes based on the linkage attributes among cities in the metropolitan area. Afterwards, by using the entire-array-polygon(EAP) method and integrating the 3 aforementioned attributes, the synthetic node importance degree is obtained to acquire the grades of cities in the urban agglomeration by k-means cluster analysis, which can be utilized for the construction and improvement of transport network in urban agglomeration. At last, a case study based on the Sichuan urban agglomeration in is performed to verify the rationality and applicability of the method. The result shows that(1)Sichuan metropolitan is a single-core(Chengdu City) urban agglomeration, and the 2 submajor cities(Neijiang City and Nanchong City) can be seen as the auxiliary cores to share the economic and transport development pressure of Chengdu City. Besides, there are 11 normal cities and 5 insignificant cities in Sichuan urban agglomeration, indicating that the Sichuan megalopolis is still in the stage of development.
引文
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[2] XIONG L,ZHAO L,XUE S.Node Importance Evaluation of World City Networks:A Survey[C]// International Conference on Logistics,Informatics and Service Sciences.Sydney:IEEE,2017:1-6.
[3] CHEN D B,Lü L Y,SHANG M S,et al.Identifying Influential Nodes in Complex Networks [J].Physica A:Statistical Mechanics & Its Applications,2011,391(4):1777-1787.
[4] MISHRA R,CHATURVEDI S K.A Cutsets-based Unified Framework to Evaluate Network Reliability Measures [J].IEEE Transactions on Reliability,2009,58(4):658-666.
[5] 阮逸润,老松杨,王竣德,等.基于领域相似度的复杂网络节点重要度评估算法[J].物理学报,2017,66(3):365-373.RUAN Yi-run,LAO Song-yang,WANG Jun-de,et al.Node Importance Measurement Based on Neighborhood Similarity in Complex Network[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2017,66(3):365-373.
[6] 谭跃进,吴俊,邓宏钟.复杂网络中节点重要度评估的节点收缩方法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2006,26(11):79-83,102.TAN Yue-jin,WU Jun,DENG Hong-zhong.Evaluation Method for Node Importance Based on Node Contraction in Complex Networks[J].System Engineering-Theory and Practice,2006,26(11):79-83,102.
[7] 李成兵,魏磊,李奉孝,等.基于攻击策略的城市群复合交通网络脆弱性研究[J].公路交通科技,2017,34(3):101-109.LI Cheng-bing,WEI Lei,LI Feng-xiao,et al.Study on Vulnerability of City Agglomeration Compound Traffic Network Based on Attack Strategy[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2017,34(3):101-109.
[8] 黄超,刘苏,吕颖.基于网络演化方法的城市群城际铁路线网规划模型研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2016,16(1):123-128.HUANG Chao,LIU Su,Lü Ying.Network Evolution-based Planning Model for Intercity Railway Network within Urban Agglomeration[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering & Information Technology,2016,16(1):123-128.
[9] 刘鹏.城市群区域城际轨道交通线网规划综合评价[J].铁道学报,2010,32(5):7-12.LIU Peng.Research on Synthetic Evaluation of Regional Inter-city Rail Transit Network Planning in Urban Clusters[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2010,32(5):7-12.
[10] 杜欣,牛永涛,韩宝明,等.基于节点重要度的客运专线旅客列车开行方案[J].北京交通大学学报,2010,34(6):5-10.DU Xin,NIU Yong-tao,HAN Bao-ming,et al.Train Service Planning for Passenger Dedicated Railway Line Based on Analyzing Importance of Nodes[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2010,34(6):5-10.
[11] CHEN D B,XIAO R,ZENG A,et al.Path Diversity Improves the Identification of Influential Spreaders[J].Europhysics Letters,2013,104(6):5580-5596.
[12] ALBRECHTS L,COPPENS T.Megacorridors:Striking a Balance between the Space of Flows and the Space of Places[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2003,11(3):215-224.
[13] CASTELLS M.Rise of the Network Society[J].Contemporary Sociology,1996,38(26):389-414.
[14] 李王鸣,江佳遥,楼铱.联系分析视角下的浙中城市群结构特征研究[J].经济地理,2009,29(10):1644-1649.LI Wang-ming,JIANG Jia-yao,LOU Yi.Research on the Structural Characteristics in Mid-zhejiang Urban Agglomeration Based on the Relationship Analysis[J].Economic Geography,2009,29(10):1644-1649.
[15] 周伟,曹银贵,乔陆印.基于全排列多边形图示指标法的西宁市土地集约利用评价[J].中国土地科学,2012,26(4):84-90.ZHOU Wei,CAO Yin-gui,QIAO Lu-yin.Urban Land Intensive Use Assessment Based on the Entire-array-polygon Indictor Method[J].China Land Science,2012,26(4):84-90.
[16] 宋新生,王啸啸,李爱增,等.城市群区域公路网节点重要度评估方法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2011,11(2):84-90.SONG Xin-sheng,WANG Xiao-xiao,LI Ai-zeng,et al.Node Importance Evaluation Method for Highway Network of Urban Agglomeration[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2011,11(2):84-90.
[17] 刘士林,刘新静.中国城市群发展报告2016[M].上海:东方出版中心,2016.LIU Shi-lin,LIU Xin-jing.2016 Report of China Mega-city Region[M].Shanghai:Orient Publishing Center,2016.
[18] LIU Y Y,SLOTINE J J,BARABáSI A L.Controllability of Complex Networks[J].Nature,2011,473(7346):167-173.
[19] 王亮,刘艳,顾雪平,等.综合考虑节点重要度和线路介数的网络重构[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(12):29-33.WANG Liang,LIU Yan,GU Xue-ping,et al.Skeleton-network Reconfiguration Based on Node Importance and Line Betweenness[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(12):29-33.
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