苏北盆地高邮凹陷戴南组震积岩特征及其石油地质意义
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摘要
高邮凹陷戴南组沉积时期,在中—新生代构造运动的影响下,古地震活动强烈,岩层中发育了一系列与古地震有关的准同生变形构造。诸如液化岩脉、液化角砾岩、枕状层、环状层理及震褶层等液化挤压变形构造;又可见阶梯状断层、震裂岩、自碎角砾岩、内碎屑副角砾等脆性变形构造。另外,在岩芯观察的过程中发现,这些地震作用变形构造层往往与地震作用下的重力流沉积岩层相伴生,在此基础上通过总结区域联井和单井序列,刻画出了研究区震积岩的垂向序列。结合研究区油气成藏特征,从油气运移、储集和封堵三个方面对地震事件的油气地质意义进行了讨论,在此基础之上,提供了一个新的勘探方向,打破以往"环凹找油"的勘探思路,认为深凹带砂体也具有重要的勘探价值。
During the sedimentary period of Dainan Formation of Gaoyou sag,some ancient earthquake events were fiercely developed under the influence of Meso-Cenozoic tectonic movement. A series of quasi contemporaneous deformation structures related to earthquakes occurred in the strata,such as liquefaction extrusion deformation structure of liquefied rock veins,liquefied breccia,pillow beds,lamina circularis,seismo-folds and so on. Brittle deformation structure of step fault,shatter breccias,Self-broken breccia,internal debris breccia were also visible in the strata. In addition,these earthquake actions and deformation tectonic layers can be found on the cores to be always generated with turbidite stratum under earthquake action. The vertical sequence of earthquake rocks was described on the basis via summarizing single well and united wells sequences. Combined with hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics in the,study area,the significance of earthquake events was discussed in petroleum geology from three aspects,hydrocarbons transportation,accumulation and plugging. This research provided a new exploration direction,broken the previous exploration methods of"searching for oil around sags",and consider the deep sag belt sand bodies to be also equivalent in exploration value.
During the sedimentary period of Dainan Formation of Gaoyou sag,some ancient earthquake events were fiercely developed under the influence of Meso-Cenozoic tectonic movement. A series of quasi contemporaneous deformation structures related to earthquakes occurred in the strata,such as liquefaction extrusion deformation structure of liquefied rock veins,liquefied breccia,pillow beds,lamina circularis,seismo-folds and so on. Brittle deformation structure of step fault,shatter breccias,Self-broken breccia,internal debris breccia were also visible in the strata. In addition,these earthquake actions and deformation tectonic layers can be found on the cores to be always generated with turbidite stratum under earthquake action. The vertical sequence of earthquake rocks was described on the basis via summarizing single well and united wells sequences. Combined with hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics in the,study area,the significance of earthquake events was discussed in petroleum geology from three aspects,hydrocarbons transportation,accumulation and plugging. This research provided a new exploration direction,broken the previous exploration methods of"searching for oil around sags",and consider the deep sag belt sand bodies to be also equivalent in exploration value.
引文
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[11]吴海辉,杨宝忠,曲学臣,等.新疆柯坪地区二叠纪卡仑达尔组震积岩的发现及意义[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(1):20-25.[Wu Haihui,Yang Baozhong,Qu Xuechen,et al. Discovery and geological significance of seismites of Permian Kalundaer Formation in Keping area,Xinjiang[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,2017,36(1):20-25.]
[12]谭先锋,蒋威,吴康军,等.柴达木盆地西南缘下干柴沟组震积岩的发现及地质意义[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(4):11-18,26.[Tan Xianfeng,Jiang Wei,Wu Kangjun,et al. Discovery and geological significance of seismites of the lower Ganchaigou Formation,the southwest margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(4):11-18,26.]
[13]刘金华,乔力,吴立峰.苏北盆地码头庄油田阜宁组震积岩特征及形成模式[J].地质学刊,2016,40(2):247-252.[Liu Jinhua,Qiao Li,Wu Lifeng. Characteristics and developmental model of the Funing Formation seismite in the Matouzhuang oilfield,Subei Basin[J]. Journal of Geology,2016,40(2):247-252.]
[14]田媛,钟建华,王书宝,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县探区三叠系延长组震积岩及其地质意义[J].古地理学报,2015,17(4):541-552.[Tian Yuan,Zhong Jianhua,Wang Shubao,et al. Seismites and their geological significances of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Fuxian exploration area,Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(4):541-552.]
[15]邵珠福,钟建华,范莉红,等.辽河西部凹陷南段沙河街组三段震积岩特征及石油地质意义[J].石油学报,2014,35(3):439-449.[Shao Zhufu,Zhong Jianhua,Fan Lihong,et al. Characteristics and petroleum geologic significance of seismites in the Member3 of Shahejie Formation in south section of western sag,Liaohe depression[J]. Acta Petrolei sinica,2014,35(3):439-449.]
[16]邵宸,樊太亮,郭亚杰,等.松辽盆地大庆长垣上白垩统姚家组震积岩的发现及其地质意义[J].古地理学报,2012,14(6):719-726.[Shao Chen,Fan Tailiang,Guo Yajie,et al. Discovery of seismites in the Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in Daqing Placanticline of Songliao Basin and its geological significance[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(6):719-726.]
[17]朱萌,李德威,刘德民,等.柴达木盆地西南缘更新统震积岩特征及其意义[J].古地理学报,2011,13(6):657-664.[Zhu Meng,Li Dewei,Liu Demin,et al. Characteristics and significance of seismites in the Pleistocene in southwestern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(6):657-664.]
[18]江胜国,钟建华,李旭平,等.松辽盆地三肇凹陷姚家组震积岩岩心识别[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):39-44.[Jiang Shengguo,Zhong Jianhua,Li Xuping,et al. Core identification of seismite in Yaojia Formation of Sanzhao depression in Songliao Basin[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(2):39-44.]
[19]石亚军,陈武杰,曹正林,等.柴达木盆地西南区震积岩的发现及其引发的勘探启迪[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1178-1187.[Shi Yajun,Chen Wujie,Cao Zhenglin,et al. Discovery of seismites in southwestern Qaidam Basin and its significance for exploration[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1178-1187.]
[20]杨剑萍,王辉,陈世悦,等.济阳坳陷古近系震积岩特征[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):281-287.[Yang Jianping,Wang Hui,Chen Shiyue,et al. The features of seismite in Jiyang Sub-Basin,Paleogene[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(2):281-287.]
[21]梁兵.高邮凹陷断层—岩性油气藏勘探技术与实践[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(4):36-49.[Liang Bing. Fault-lithologic reservoir exploration technology and practice in Gaoyou sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration,2013,18(4):36-49.]
[22]乔秀夫,李海兵.沉积物的地震及古地震效应[J].古地理学报,2009,11(6):593-610.[Qiao Xiufu,Li Haibing. Effect of earthquake and ancient earthquake on sediments[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(6):593-610.]
[23]鄢继华,崔永北,陈世悦.几种常见震积岩相标志在模拟实验中的识别[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1131-1137.[Yan Jihua,Cui Yongbei,Chen Shiyue. Identification of common facies indicators of seismites in simulated experiments[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(6):1131-1137.]
[24]赵卫卫,查明,杨剑萍.中国震积岩研究综述[J].地层学杂志,2006,30(2):171-176.[Zhao Weiwei,Zha Ming,Yang Jianping.An overview of seismite research in China[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy,2006,30(2):171-176.]
[25]魏垂高,张世奇,姜在兴,等.塔里木盆地志留系震积岩特征及其意义[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):827-833.[Wei Chuigao,Zhang Shiqi,Jiang Zaixing,et al. Character and significance of Silurian seismite in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(6):827-833.]
[26]夏青松,田景春.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组震积岩的发现及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):246-252.[Xia Qingsong,Tian Jingchun. Characteristics and geological significance of seismites of the Yanchang Formation,Upper Triassic,Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(2):246-252.]
[27]董桂玉,邱旭明,刘玉瑞,等.陆相复杂断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏砂体预测:以苏北高邮凹陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.[Dong Guiyu,Qiu Xuming,Liu Yurui,et al. Prediction of submerged oil and gas reservoirs in complicated faulted rift basin:A case study of Gaoyou depression in northern Jiangsu[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.]
[28]杨仕维,李建明.震积岩特征综述及地质意义[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(1):89-94.[Yang Shiwei,Li Jianming. Characteristics and geological significance of seismites[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(1):89-94.]
[2]龚一鸣.事件沉积[J].地质科技情报,1987,6(3):21-26.[Gong Yiming. Event deposition[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,1987,6(3):21-26.]
[3]冯增昭,鲍志东,郑秀娟,等.中国软沉积物变形构造及地震岩研究简评[J].古地理学报,2017,19(1):7-12.[Feng Zengzhao,Bao Zhidong,Zheng Xiujuan,et al. Researches of soft-sediment deformation structures and seismites in China:a brief review[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(1):7-12.]
[4]冯增昭.一次成功的专题研讨会:“多成因的软沉积物变形构造及地震岩”[J].古地理学报,2017,19(1):1-6.[Feng Zengzhao.A successful symposium of “Multi-origin of soft-sediment deformation structures and seismites”[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2017,19(1):1-6.]
[5]朱海之,朱淑莲,王立功,等.宁夏中宁发现古地震剖面[J].地震地质,1979,1(4):26-98.[Zhu Haizhi,Zhu Shulian,Wang Ligong,et al. An ancient earthquake profile in Zhongning county,Ningxia hui autonomous region[J]. Seismology and Geology,1979,1(4):26-98.]
[6]宋天锐.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震—海啸序列[J].科学通报,1988,33(8):609-611.[Song Tianrui. A probable earthquake-tsunami sequence in precambrian carbonate strata of Ming tombs district,Beijing[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1988,33(13):1121-1124.]
[7]葛宝勋,刘祖发.含煤岩系中震积岩的首次发现及其特征[J].岩相古地理,1989(5):9-14.[Ge Baoxun,Liu Zhufa. The first discovery and characteristics of seismites in the coal-bearing strata[J].Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography,1989(5):9-14.]
[8]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.[Qiao Xiufu,Song Tianrui,Gao Linzhi,et al. Seismic sequence in carbonate rocks by vibrational liquefaction[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,1994,68(1):16-34.]
[9]杜远生,Shi G,龚一鸣,等.东澳大利亚南悉尼盆地二叠系与地震沉积有关的软沉积变形构造[J].地质学报,2007,81(4):511-518.[Du Yuansheng,Shi G,Gong Yiming,et al. Permian softsediment deformation structures related to earthquake in the southern Sydney Basin,eastern Australia[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(4):511-518.]
[10]吴贤涛,尹国勋.四川峨眉晚侏罗世湖泊沉积中震积岩的发现及其意义[J].沉积学报,1992,10(1):19-26.[Wu Xiantao,Yin Guoxun. Features and significance of seismites from Upper Jurasic lacustrine deposites of Emei,Sichuan[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1992,10(1):19-26.]
[11]吴海辉,杨宝忠,曲学臣,等.新疆柯坪地区二叠纪卡仑达尔组震积岩的发现及意义[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(1):20-25.[Wu Haihui,Yang Baozhong,Qu Xuechen,et al. Discovery and geological significance of seismites of Permian Kalundaer Formation in Keping area,Xinjiang[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,2017,36(1):20-25.]
[12]谭先锋,蒋威,吴康军,等.柴达木盆地西南缘下干柴沟组震积岩的发现及地质意义[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(4):11-18,26.[Tan Xianfeng,Jiang Wei,Wu Kangjun,et al. Discovery and geological significance of seismites of the lower Ganchaigou Formation,the southwest margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(4):11-18,26.]
[13]刘金华,乔力,吴立峰.苏北盆地码头庄油田阜宁组震积岩特征及形成模式[J].地质学刊,2016,40(2):247-252.[Liu Jinhua,Qiao Li,Wu Lifeng. Characteristics and developmental model of the Funing Formation seismite in the Matouzhuang oilfield,Subei Basin[J]. Journal of Geology,2016,40(2):247-252.]
[14]田媛,钟建华,王书宝,等.鄂尔多斯盆地富县探区三叠系延长组震积岩及其地质意义[J].古地理学报,2015,17(4):541-552.[Tian Yuan,Zhong Jianhua,Wang Shubao,et al. Seismites and their geological significances of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Fuxian exploration area,Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(4):541-552.]
[15]邵珠福,钟建华,范莉红,等.辽河西部凹陷南段沙河街组三段震积岩特征及石油地质意义[J].石油学报,2014,35(3):439-449.[Shao Zhufu,Zhong Jianhua,Fan Lihong,et al. Characteristics and petroleum geologic significance of seismites in the Member3 of Shahejie Formation in south section of western sag,Liaohe depression[J]. Acta Petrolei sinica,2014,35(3):439-449.]
[16]邵宸,樊太亮,郭亚杰,等.松辽盆地大庆长垣上白垩统姚家组震积岩的发现及其地质意义[J].古地理学报,2012,14(6):719-726.[Shao Chen,Fan Tailiang,Guo Yajie,et al. Discovery of seismites in the Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in Daqing Placanticline of Songliao Basin and its geological significance[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(6):719-726.]
[17]朱萌,李德威,刘德民,等.柴达木盆地西南缘更新统震积岩特征及其意义[J].古地理学报,2011,13(6):657-664.[Zhu Meng,Li Dewei,Liu Demin,et al. Characteristics and significance of seismites in the Pleistocene in southwestern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(6):657-664.]
[18]江胜国,钟建华,李旭平,等.松辽盆地三肇凹陷姚家组震积岩岩心识别[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(2):39-44.[Jiang Shengguo,Zhong Jianhua,Li Xuping,et al. Core identification of seismite in Yaojia Formation of Sanzhao depression in Songliao Basin[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(2):39-44.]
[19]石亚军,陈武杰,曹正林,等.柴达木盆地西南区震积岩的发现及其引发的勘探启迪[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1178-1187.[Shi Yajun,Chen Wujie,Cao Zhenglin,et al. Discovery of seismites in southwestern Qaidam Basin and its significance for exploration[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1178-1187.]
[20]杨剑萍,王辉,陈世悦,等.济阳坳陷古近系震积岩特征[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):281-287.[Yang Jianping,Wang Hui,Chen Shiyue,et al. The features of seismite in Jiyang Sub-Basin,Paleogene[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(2):281-287.]
[21]梁兵.高邮凹陷断层—岩性油气藏勘探技术与实践[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(4):36-49.[Liang Bing. Fault-lithologic reservoir exploration technology and practice in Gaoyou sag[J]. China Petroleum Exploration,2013,18(4):36-49.]
[22]乔秀夫,李海兵.沉积物的地震及古地震效应[J].古地理学报,2009,11(6):593-610.[Qiao Xiufu,Li Haibing. Effect of earthquake and ancient earthquake on sediments[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(6):593-610.]
[23]鄢继华,崔永北,陈世悦.几种常见震积岩相标志在模拟实验中的识别[J].沉积学报,2009,27(6):1131-1137.[Yan Jihua,Cui Yongbei,Chen Shiyue. Identification of common facies indicators of seismites in simulated experiments[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(6):1131-1137.]
[24]赵卫卫,查明,杨剑萍.中国震积岩研究综述[J].地层学杂志,2006,30(2):171-176.[Zhao Weiwei,Zha Ming,Yang Jianping.An overview of seismite research in China[J]. Journal of Stratigraphy,2006,30(2):171-176.]
[25]魏垂高,张世奇,姜在兴,等.塔里木盆地志留系震积岩特征及其意义[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):827-833.[Wei Chuigao,Zhang Shiqi,Jiang Zaixing,et al. Character and significance of Silurian seismite in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(6):827-833.]
[26]夏青松,田景春.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组震积岩的发现及地质意义[J].沉积学报,2007,25(2):246-252.[Xia Qingsong,Tian Jingchun. Characteristics and geological significance of seismites of the Yanchang Formation,Upper Triassic,Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(2):246-252.]
[27]董桂玉,邱旭明,刘玉瑞,等.陆相复杂断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏砂体预测:以苏北高邮凹陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.[Dong Guiyu,Qiu Xuming,Liu Yurui,et al. Prediction of submerged oil and gas reservoirs in complicated faulted rift basin:A case study of Gaoyou depression in northern Jiangsu[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.]
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