负电晕放电对柴油机排气颗粒Zeta电位的影响
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摘要
为了解决荷电凝并技术在降低柴油机排气颗粒数量浓度时颗粒荷电量的大小影响凝并过程的问题,对柴油机排气颗粒的荷电特性进行了试验研究。用颗粒的Zeta电位表征其荷电状态,计算了单个颗粒在负电晕条件下的荷电量;通过改变荷电电压、荷电区温度以及柴油机负荷,探究了各因素对柴油机排气颗粒荷电量的影响。研究结果表明:电压的增高可有效提高颗粒的荷电量,颗粒的Zeta电位绝对值也相应增加;温度升高时,电晕放电的起晕电压下降,相同放电参数下的颗粒荷电量增加;颗粒荷电量随柴油机负荷的增加而增加,全负荷时的荷电效果最好。此项研究可为提高柴油机排气颗粒的荷电效果、建立荷电凝并的数学模型提供参考。
To solve the problem that the charge of particle affects the coagulation process when electrical agglomeration is used to reduce the exhaust particle number concentration in a diesel engine,experiment was carried out to reveal the charging characteristics of diesel particles.Zeta potential of diesel particle was adopted to represent the charged state,and the charge of particles could be calculated according to the value of zeta potential.The influences of various factors on the charge of particle were investigated by changing the charging voltage,the temperature in charging zone and the load of engine.Experimental results show that the increase of charging voltage improves the charge and the absolute value of zeta potential.With the increase of the temperature in charging zone,the corona inception voltage declines and the charge of particle increases.The load of engine has a positive effect on the particle charge,which reaches its peak under full load.This research may facilitate promoting charge of emission particles of diesel and building mathematical model of electrical agglomeration.
To solve the problem that the charge of particle affects the coagulation process when electrical agglomeration is used to reduce the exhaust particle number concentration in a diesel engine,experiment was carried out to reveal the charging characteristics of diesel particles.Zeta potential of diesel particle was adopted to represent the charged state,and the charge of particles could be calculated according to the value of zeta potential.The influences of various factors on the charge of particle were investigated by changing the charging voltage,the temperature in charging zone and the load of engine.Experimental results show that the increase of charging voltage improves the charge and the absolute value of zeta potential.With the increase of the temperature in charging zone,the corona inception voltage declines and the charge of particle increases.The load of engine has a positive effect on the particle charge,which reaches its peak under full load.This research may facilitate promoting charge of emission particles of diesel and building mathematical model of electrical agglomeration.
引文
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[21]王婕.超细粉碎颗粒性质对超净煤分选的影响[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016:109-110.
[22]李鹏.线板放电电流体数值模拟与实验研究[D].河北保定:河北大学,2010.
[23]许希,徐甸,严佩,等.高温线板式静电除尘器颗粒捕集[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(12):30-37.XU Xi,XU Dian,YAN Pei,et al.Particle collection in wire-plate electrostatic precipitators at high temperature[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2016,50(12):30-37.
[24]LAPUERTA M,MARTOS F J,HERREROS J M.Effect of engine operating conditions on the size of primary particles composing diesel soot agglomerates[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2007,38(4):455-466.
[25]SHIN W G,WANG J,MERTLER M,et al.The effect of particle morphology on unipolar diffusion charging of nanoparticle agglomerates in the transition regime[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2010,41(11):975-986.
[2]AGARWAL A K,DHAR A,GUPTA J G,et al.Effect of fuel injection pressure and injection timing on spray characteristics and particulate size-number distribution in a biodiesel fuelled common rail direct injection diesel engine[J].Applied Energy,2014,130(5):212-221.
[3]高敏,仇天雷,贾瑞志,等.北京雾霾天气生物气溶胶浓度和粒径特征[J].环境科学,2014(12):4415-4421.GAO Min,QIU Tianlei,JIA Ruizhi,et al.Concentration and size distribution of bioaerosols at non-haze and haze days in Beijing[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(12):4415-442.
[4]EMA M,NAYA M,HORIMOTO M,et al.Developmental toxicity of diesel exhaust:a review of studies in experimental animals[J].Reproductive Toxicology,2013,42(23):1-17.
[5]李人杰.双极荷电静电除尘器捕集可吸入颗粒物过程的数值模拟[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007:10-20.
[6]BOICHOT R,BERNIS A,GONZE E.Agglomeration of diesel particles by an electrostatic agglomerator under positive DC voltage:experimental study[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2008,66(5):235-245.
[7]KOIZUMI Y,KAWAMURA M,TOCHIKUBO F,et al.Estimation of the agglomeration coefficient of bipolar-charged aerosol particles[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2000,48(2):93-101.
[8]曾科,刘兵,蔡丽红,等.脉冲电晕技术降低柴油机微粒排放的实验研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2002,36(11):1111-1113.ZENG Ke,LIU Bing,CAI Lihong,et al.Experimental investigation on the removal of particulates in diesel engines by using pulsed corona technology[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2002,36(11):1111-1113.
[9]王培清.电晕放电柴油机排气微粒荷电与捕集的实验研究[D].辽宁大连:大连理工大学,2000:86-88.
[10]杜小朋,孙平,孟建,等.柴油机排气颗粒物电晕放电下荷电特性的研究[J].机械设计与制造,2016(12):94-97.DU Xiaopeng,SUN Ping,MENG Jian,et al.Research on diesel exhaust particulate matter in the situation of charged by high voltage corona discharge[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2016(12):94-97.
[11]OKUBO M,YAMAMOTO T,KUROKI T,et al.Electric air cleaner composed of nonthermal plasma reactor and electrostatic precipitator[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001,37(5):1505-1511.
[12]张向荣,王连泽.外电场对双极荷电颗粒碰撞及凝聚的影响[J].北京理工大学学报,2012,32(1):91-94.ZHANG Xiangrong,WANG Lianze.Effects of an external electric field on the collision and agglomeration between bipolarly charged particles[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2012,32(1):91-94.
[13]TAN B,WANG L,ZHANG X.The effect of an external DC electric field on bipolar charged aerosol agglomeration[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2007,65(2):82-86.
[14]JIANG H,LU L.Measurement of the surface charge of ultrafine particles from laser printers and analysis of their electrostatic force[J].Atmospheric Environment,2010,44(28):3347-3351.
[15]BEHRENS S H,BORKOVEC M,SEMMLER M.Aggregation in sulfate latex suspensions:the role of charge for stability predictions[M]∥Trends in Colloid and Interface Science:XII.Darmstadt,Germany:Steinkopff,1998:66-69.
[16]李敏,宗栋良.混凝中Zeta电位的影响因素[J].环境科技,2010,23(3):9-11.LI Min,ZONG Dongliang.Influence factors on zeta potential in coagulation[J].Environmental Technology,2010,23(3):9-11.
[17]KISTLER S S.Colloidal dispersions[J].Journal of Chemical Education,1982,28(28):14185-14192.
[18]KITTELSON D B.Engines and nanoparticles:a review[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,1998,29(5/6):575-588.
[19]徐羽贞,郑超,黄逸凡,等.正、负电晕对大肠杆菌气溶胶收集的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(7):2251-2256.XU Yuzhen,ZHENG Chao,HUANG Yifan,et al.Positive and negative corona discharge on precipitation of e.coli-aerosols[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(7):2251-2256.
[20]骆仲泱,江建平,赵磊,等.不同电场中细颗粒物的荷电特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(23):3959-3969.LUO Zhongyang,JIANG Jianping,ZHAO Lei,et al.Research on the charging of fine particulate in different electric fields[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(23):3959-3969.
[21]王婕.超细粉碎颗粒性质对超净煤分选的影响[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016:109-110.
[22]李鹏.线板放电电流体数值模拟与实验研究[D].河北保定:河北大学,2010.
[23]许希,徐甸,严佩,等.高温线板式静电除尘器颗粒捕集[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(12):30-37.XU Xi,XU Dian,YAN Pei,et al.Particle collection in wire-plate electrostatic precipitators at high temperature[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2016,50(12):30-37.
[24]LAPUERTA M,MARTOS F J,HERREROS J M.Effect of engine operating conditions on the size of primary particles composing diesel soot agglomerates[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2007,38(4):455-466.
[25]SHIN W G,WANG J,MERTLER M,et al.The effect of particle morphology on unipolar diffusion charging of nanoparticle agglomerates in the transition regime[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2010,41(11):975-986.