盐胁迫下水稻孕穗期SS和SPS活性与糖积累的响应及其相关性分析
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摘要
为了探究盐胁迫对水稻的蔗糖合成酶(SS)、磷酸蔗糖合成酶(SPS)活性与糖积累的影响及它们之间的响应机理,选取3份水稻种质材料,在6个NaCl浓度梯度处理下,采用桶栽土培的方法培育至孕穗期,研究了盐胁迫处理对水稻植株外观形态、蔗糖含量、可溶性糖含量、SS活性、SPS活性的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫抑制水稻的生长发育,表现为株高变矮,分蘖数减少,叶面积较小,叶片枯萎等,其抑制作用随盐胁迫浓度提高而增强;盐胁迫下,盐敏感种质IR29植株合成积累的蔗糖和可溶性糖较耐盐种质JX99、Pokkali的多,但其植株生长发育受到的抑制作用更为明显。这是由于IR29植株合成积累的蔗糖和可溶性糖中有一部分用于缓解细胞渗透压参与抗逆生理恢复,而供给植株生长发育部分不足所致。轻度盐胁迫可激发SPS与SS活性增强,分别促进蔗糖、可溶性糖的积累,缓解细胞渗透压力,维持正常生命活动,提高植株的抗逆性;而中度、重度盐胁迫下SS、SPS活性降低,叶片中蔗糖合成与积累降低,表现为植株生长发育受到明显抑制。
To explore the response mechanism and effect of salt stress on sucrose accumulation and activities of sucrose synthase( SS),sucrose phosphate synthase( SPS),three germplasms were cultured by barrel plant and soil culture until booting stage under six concentration grades of Na Cl solution. The effect of salt stress on the appearance,sucrose content,soluble sugar content,SS activity and SPS activity of rice plants were studied. The results showed that salt stress decreased rice height,tiller number,total leaf area and made leaves to wither,and the inhibitory rate increased with the increasing of salt stress concentration. Salt-sensitive germplasm IR29 plant synthesis and accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar were more than those of salt tolerant germplasms JX99 and Pokkali,however,the growth and development of plants were significantly inhibited. This was due to IR29 plant synthesis and accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar was partly used to alleviate cell osmotic pressure and anti-physiological recovery,but the other part of the supply of plant growth was insufficient. Slight salt stress could stimulate the activity of SPS and SS to increase accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar,alleviate cell osmotic pressure,and maintain normal vital activities,finally improve the plant's stress resistance. The activity of SS and SPS decreased under moderate and severe salt stress,and sucrose synthesis and accumulation in leaves were reduced,thus,the growth and development of plants were significantly inhibited.
To explore the response mechanism and effect of salt stress on sucrose accumulation and activities of sucrose synthase( SS),sucrose phosphate synthase( SPS),three germplasms were cultured by barrel plant and soil culture until booting stage under six concentration grades of Na Cl solution. The effect of salt stress on the appearance,sucrose content,soluble sugar content,SS activity and SPS activity of rice plants were studied. The results showed that salt stress decreased rice height,tiller number,total leaf area and made leaves to wither,and the inhibitory rate increased with the increasing of salt stress concentration. Salt-sensitive germplasm IR29 plant synthesis and accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar were more than those of salt tolerant germplasms JX99 and Pokkali,however,the growth and development of plants were significantly inhibited. This was due to IR29 plant synthesis and accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar was partly used to alleviate cell osmotic pressure and anti-physiological recovery,but the other part of the supply of plant growth was insufficient. Slight salt stress could stimulate the activity of SPS and SS to increase accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar,alleviate cell osmotic pressure,and maintain normal vital activities,finally improve the plant's stress resistance. The activity of SS and SPS decreased under moderate and severe salt stress,and sucrose synthesis and accumulation in leaves were reduced,thus,the growth and development of plants were significantly inhibited.
引文
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[7]岳川.茶树糖类相关基因的挖掘及其在茶树冷驯化中的表达研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[8]王以斌,缪锦来,姜英辉,等.脯氨酸和可溶性糖在南极冰藻低温适应机制中的作用[J].生物技术通报,2016,32(2):198-202.
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[14]郭艳利,杨肖芳,蒋黎,等.蔗糖代谢相关酶与果实糖代谢[J].现代园艺,2012(9):10-12.
[15]FISHER D B,WANG N.Sucrose concentration gradients along the post-phloem transport pathway in the maternal tissue of developing wheat grains[J].Plant Physiology,1995,109(2):587.
[16]LING S E.Sugar metabolism during growth and development in sugarcane internodes[J].Crop Sci,1999,39:480-486.
[17]陈俊伟,张上隆,张良诚,等.柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(6):499-504.
[18]张明方,李志凌.高等植物中与蔗糖代谢相关的酶[J].植物生理学报,2002,38(3):289-295.
[19]LUNN J E,FURBANK R T.Localisation of sucrose-phosphate synthase and starch in leaves of C4 plants[J].Planta,1997,202(1):106.
[20]刘凌霄,沈法富,卢合全,等.蔗糖代谢中蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2005,3(2):275-281.
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[22]HUBER S C,HUBER J L.Role and regulation of sucrose phosphate synthase in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(2):431.
[23]ISHIMARU K,ONO J,KASHIWAGI T.Identification of a new gene controlling plant height in rice using the candidate-gene strategy[J].Planta,2004,218(3):388-395.
[24]刘洪博,陆鑫,毛钧,等.甘蔗蔗糖磷酸合成酶研究进展[J].湖南农业大学报,2013,39(1):31-36.
[25]陈丽芳,陆巍,孙锦,等.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗光合作用和根叶碳水化合物积累的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):31-36.
[26]韩涛.孕穗期冷水胁迫对水稻碳水化合物形成积累规律的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014.
[27]张明方,李志凌.高等植物中与蔗糖代谢相关的酶[J].植物生理学报,2002,38(3):289-295.
[28]邱献锟,周海庆,崔玉花.水稻大粒种质籽粒SS、SPS酶活性研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(4):322-327.
[29]肇莹,王丽萍,肖军,等.水稻转导外源总DNA变异后代盐胁迫下株高及生理指标分析[J].生物技术通报,2012(12):71-75.
[30]BRADFORD M M.A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1976,72(1/2):248-254.
[31]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:128.
[32]杨明.甜高粱蔗糖代谢相关酶SPS、SS表达与蔗糖积累的相关性研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2008.
[33]荆培培,崔敏,秦涛,等.土培条件下不同盐分梯度对水稻产量及其生理特性的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):26-33.
[34]李姝晋,朱建清,叶小英,等.干旱和盐胁迫下水稻品种的双重耐性差异[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(2):128-132.
[35]刘春娟,冯乃杰,郑殿峰,等.植物生长调节剂S3307和DTA-6对大豆源库碳水化合物代谢及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(4):657-666.
[36]刘海波,魏玉清,周维松,等.土壤盐分胁迫对甜高粱茎秆糖分积累及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(5):41-47.
[37]陈丽芳.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗CO2同化代谢的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011.
[2]刘梅,郑青松,刘兆普,等.盐胁迫下氮素形态对油菜和水稻幼苗离子运输和分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):181-189.
[3]王恩旭,张方亮,商德虎,等.海水和Na Cl胁迫对水稻种子萌发与幼苗生长影响的比较[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(10):54-57.
[4]夏秀忠,张宗琼,杨行海,等.广西地方稻种资源核心种质的耐盐性鉴定评价[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(6):979-984.
[5]周毅,崔丰磊,杨萍,等.盐胁迫对不同品种水稻幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(1):90-93.
[6]WANG J J,TANG Z H.The regulation of soluble sugars in the growth and development of plants[J].Botanical Research,2014,3:71-76.
[7]岳川.茶树糖类相关基因的挖掘及其在茶树冷驯化中的表达研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[8]王以斌,缪锦来,姜英辉,等.脯氨酸和可溶性糖在南极冰藻低温适应机制中的作用[J].生物技术通报,2016,32(2):198-202.
[9]QIU Z B,WANG Y F,ZHU A J,et al.Exogenous sucrose can enhance tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to salt stress[J].Biologia Plantarum,2014,58(4):611-617.
[10]YOSHIDA S,ITO M,NISHIDA I,et al.Identification of a novel gene HYS1/CPR5 that has a repressive role in the induction of leaf senescence and pathogen defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Journal,2002,29(4):427-437.
[11]BALIBREA L M E,GONZALEZ G M C,FATIMA T,et al.Extracellular invertase is an essential component of cytokinin-mediated delay of senescence[J].Plant Cell,2004,16(5):1276-1287.
[12]STURM A.Invertases:Primary structures,functions and roles in plant development and sucrose partitioning[J].Plant Physiol,1999,121(1):1-8.
[13]牛俊奇,黄静丽,赵文慧,等.甘蔗工艺成熟期SS和SPS酶活性与糖分积累的相关性研究[J].生物技术通报,2015,31(9):105-110.
[14]郭艳利,杨肖芳,蒋黎,等.蔗糖代谢相关酶与果实糖代谢[J].现代园艺,2012(9):10-12.
[15]FISHER D B,WANG N.Sucrose concentration gradients along the post-phloem transport pathway in the maternal tissue of developing wheat grains[J].Plant Physiology,1995,109(2):587.
[16]LING S E.Sugar metabolism during growth and development in sugarcane internodes[J].Crop Sci,1999,39:480-486.
[17]陈俊伟,张上隆,张良诚,等.柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(6):499-504.
[18]张明方,李志凌.高等植物中与蔗糖代谢相关的酶[J].植物生理学报,2002,38(3):289-295.
[19]LUNN J E,FURBANK R T.Localisation of sucrose-phosphate synthase and starch in leaves of C4 plants[J].Planta,1997,202(1):106.
[20]刘凌霄,沈法富,卢合全,等.蔗糖代谢中蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2005,3(2):275-281.
[21]HUBER S C.Role of sucrose-phosphate synthase in partitioning of carbon in leaves[J].Plant Physiology,1983,71(4):818-821.
[22]HUBER S C,HUBER J L.Role and regulation of sucrose phosphate synthase in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(2):431.
[23]ISHIMARU K,ONO J,KASHIWAGI T.Identification of a new gene controlling plant height in rice using the candidate-gene strategy[J].Planta,2004,218(3):388-395.
[24]刘洪博,陆鑫,毛钧,等.甘蔗蔗糖磷酸合成酶研究进展[J].湖南农业大学报,2013,39(1):31-36.
[25]陈丽芳,陆巍,孙锦,等.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗光合作用和根叶碳水化合物积累的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):31-36.
[26]韩涛.孕穗期冷水胁迫对水稻碳水化合物形成积累规律的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014.
[27]张明方,李志凌.高等植物中与蔗糖代谢相关的酶[J].植物生理学报,2002,38(3):289-295.
[28]邱献锟,周海庆,崔玉花.水稻大粒种质籽粒SS、SPS酶活性研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(4):322-327.
[29]肇莹,王丽萍,肖军,等.水稻转导外源总DNA变异后代盐胁迫下株高及生理指标分析[J].生物技术通报,2012(12):71-75.
[30]BRADFORD M M.A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J].Analytical Biochemistry,1976,72(1/2):248-254.
[31]张志良,瞿伟菁.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:128.
[32]杨明.甜高粱蔗糖代谢相关酶SPS、SS表达与蔗糖积累的相关性研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2008.
[33]荆培培,崔敏,秦涛,等.土培条件下不同盐分梯度对水稻产量及其生理特性的影响[J].中国稻米,2017,23(4):26-33.
[34]李姝晋,朱建清,叶小英,等.干旱和盐胁迫下水稻品种的双重耐性差异[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(2):128-132.
[35]刘春娟,冯乃杰,郑殿峰,等.植物生长调节剂S3307和DTA-6对大豆源库碳水化合物代谢及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(4):657-666.
[36]刘海波,魏玉清,周维松,等.土壤盐分胁迫对甜高粱茎秆糖分积累及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(5):41-47.
[37]陈丽芳.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗CO2同化代谢的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011.