序批式气升内循环藻类生物膜反应器脱氮除磷特性
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摘要
采用新型序批式气升内循环生物膜反应器(BSBAR)对混合营养型小球藻进行挂膜培养以去除黑臭水体中的氮、磷污染物。经过7 d的培养,BSBAR中附着生物量比悬浮序批式气升内循环藻类反应器(SBAR)高37. 5%,悬浮生物量一直维持在12 mg/L以下,降低了藻流失量,有利于收获藻类。BSBAR的藻类产率达到0. 096 g/(L·d),是SBAR的1. 30倍。并且BSBAR中的附着微生物具有更高的胞外多糖含量和脱氢酶活性,反应器的稳定性和污染物去除速率明显增强。当进水NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P浓度分别为17和8 mg/L、HRT为4 d时,BSBAR出水NH_4~+-N和PO_4~(3-)-P浓度可分别降至1. 64和0. 19 mg/L,去除率分别为90. 4%和97. 6%,达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅴ类水标准。因此,利用序批式气升内循环混合营养型藻类生物膜反应器处理黑臭水体,不仅可以提高藻类产率,净化水质,还能解决藻类收获难题。
A novel biofilm sequencing batch air-lift reactor (BSBAR) was used for attached mixotrophic microalgae culture to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from black odorous water. After 7 days of culture,the concentration of attached biomass in BSBAR was 37. 5% higher than that in suspended sequencing batch air-lift reactor (SBAR). The suspended biomass concentration was maintained under12 mg/L,which could reduce the loss of algae and was beneficial to algal harvest. The algal yields of BSBAR reached 0. 096 g/(L·d),which was 1. 30 times that in SBAR. And the attached biomass in BSBAR had a higher concentration of extracellular polysaccharide and dehydrogenase activity, the stability of the reactor and the removal rates of pollutants were obviously enhanced. When the influent NH_4~+-N and PO_4~(3-)-P concentrations were 17 mg/L and 8 mg/L respectively,and HRT was 4 d,the NH_4~+-N and PO_4~(3-)-P concentrations of effluent were reduced to 1. 64 mg/L and 0. 19 mg/L respectively by BSBAR, the removal rates reached 90. 4% and 97. 6%, respectively. It was in accordance with class Ⅴ criteria in Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). Thus,the treatment of black odorous water by mixotrophic algal biofilm in SBAR can not only improve algal yield,purify water quality,but also solve the problem of algal harvest.
A novel biofilm sequencing batch air-lift reactor (BSBAR) was used for attached mixotrophic microalgae culture to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from black odorous water. After 7 days of culture,the concentration of attached biomass in BSBAR was 37. 5% higher than that in suspended sequencing batch air-lift reactor (SBAR). The suspended biomass concentration was maintained under12 mg/L,which could reduce the loss of algae and was beneficial to algal harvest. The algal yields of BSBAR reached 0. 096 g/(L·d),which was 1. 30 times that in SBAR. And the attached biomass in BSBAR had a higher concentration of extracellular polysaccharide and dehydrogenase activity, the stability of the reactor and the removal rates of pollutants were obviously enhanced. When the influent NH_4~+-N and PO_4~(3-)-P concentrations were 17 mg/L and 8 mg/L respectively,and HRT was 4 d,the NH_4~+-N and PO_4~(3-)-P concentrations of effluent were reduced to 1. 64 mg/L and 0. 19 mg/L respectively by BSBAR, the removal rates reached 90. 4% and 97. 6%, respectively. It was in accordance with class Ⅴ criteria in Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). Thus,the treatment of black odorous water by mixotrophic algal biofilm in SBAR can not only improve algal yield,purify water quality,but also solve the problem of algal harvest.
引文
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[3]Li T,Zheng Y,Yu L,et al.Mixotrophic cultivation of a Chlorella sorokiniana strain for enhanced biomass and lipid production[J].Biomass&Bioenergy,2014,66(7):204-213.
[4]Wang H,Xiong H,Hui Z,et al.Mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with diluted primary piggery wastewater to produce lipids[J].Bioresour Technol,2012,104(1):215-220.
[5]Kim S,Park J E,Cho Y B,et al.Growth rate,organic carbon and nutrient removal rates of Chlorella sorokiniana,in autotrophic,heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions[J].Bioresour Technol,2013,144:8-13.
[6]Rincon S M,Romero H M,Aframehr W M,et al.Biomass production in Chlorella vulgaris,biofilm cultivated under mixotrophic growth conditions[J].Algal Res,2017,26:153-160.
[7]王荣昌,程霞,曾旭.污水处理中菌藻共生系统去除污染物机理及其应用进展[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(1):13-22.Wang Rongchang,Cheng Xia,Zeng Xu.Mechanisms and applications of bacterial-algal symbiotic systems for pollutant removal from wastewater[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(1):13-22(in Chinese).
[8]Yuan X,Kumar A,Sahu A K,et al.Impact of ammonia concentration on Spirulina platensis growth in an airlift photobioreactor[J].Bioresour Technol,2011,102(3):3234-3239.
[9]Tan X,Chu H,Zhang Y,et al.Chlorella pyrenoidosa cultivation using anaerobic digested starch processing wastewater in an airlift circulation photobioreactor[J].Bioresour Technol,2014,170(5):538-548.
[10]郭莉娜.藻类生物膜优选及脱氮除磷实验研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.Guo Lina.Experimental Research on Optimization of Algal Biofilm and Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus[D].Nanning:Guangxi University,2014(in Chinese).
[11]Xie J,Hu W,Pei H,et al.Detection of amount and activity of living algae in fresh water by dehydrogenase activity(DHA)[J].Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,2008,146(1/3):473-478.
[12]Chang I S,Lee C H.Membrane filtration characteristics in membrane-coupled activated sludge system-the effect of physiological states of activated sludge on membrane fouling[J].Desalination,1998,120(3):221-233.
[13]Martínez M E,Camacho F,Jiménez J M,et al.Influence of light intensity on the kinetic and yield parameters of Chlorella pyrenoidosa,mixotrophic growth[J].Process Biochem,1997,32(2):93-98.
[14]Gao F,Yang Z H,Li C,et al.A novel algal biofilm membrane photobioreactor for attached microalgae growth and nutrients removal from secondary effluent[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,179:8-12.
[15]Pippo F D,Ellwood N T W,Guzzon A,et al.Effect of light and temperature on biomass,photosynthesis and capsular polysaccharides in cultured phototrophic biofilms[J].J Appl Phycol,2012,24(2):211-220.
[16]Abreu A P,Fernandes B,Vicente A A,et al.Mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris using industrial dairy waste as organic carbon source[J].Bioresour Technol,2012,118(4):61-66.