不同能量水平对F_1代兰小杂交羔羊育肥期生长发育的影响
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摘要
为了研究不同能量水平对兰州大尾羊和小尾寒羊杂交F_1代(兰州大尾羊♂×小尾寒羊♀)羔羊育肥期生长发育的影响,选择70日龄、体质量18 kg且发育正常的F_1代公、母羔各18只,公羔随机平均分成A1、A2、A3组,母羔随机平均分成B1、B2、B3组,进行为期60 d的育肥试验,不同组羔羊每天摄入的能量水平分别为8.89 MJ/d(A1和B1)、7.11 MJ/d(A2和B2)和5.33 MJ/d(A3和B3),其他营养水平基本保持一致。分别于育肥期的1、30、60 d进行试验羊的体质量和体尺指数测定。结果表明,不同能量水平对兰小F_1代育肥期羔羊的生长发育影响显著,整个育肥期1～60 d,公羔的生长发育比母羔快。育肥期1～30 d,A2组公羔的平均日增体质量为288.89 g/d,显著高于A3组,B1和B2组母羔的平均日增体质量均比B3组提高66.41%,差异极显著,B1和B2组母羔的累积生长显著高于B3组,相对生长极显著高于B3组;育肥期30～60 d,A1组公羔的平均日增体质量比A3组提高96.92%,差异极显著,A1组公羔的累积生长和相对生长也极显著高于A3组,A2组公羔的累积生长极显著高于A3组。羔羊的体尺总体呈现出和累积生长相同的变化规律,但差异显著性不同,羔羊的体尺指数在3个组之间存在一定差异。综上,提高能量水平显著促进了兰小F_1代羔羊育肥期的生长发育,高能量组羔羊的育肥增质量效果最好,公羔的生长发育优于母羔。
In order to investigate the effects of different energy levels on the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period,18 F_1 male hybrids and 18 female hybrids which were well-developed,18 kg and 70 days old were selected.Male lambs were randomly divided into A1,A2,A3 groups with 6 lambs a group;female lambs were also randomly divided into B1,B2,B3 groups in the same way.Then a feeding experiment was conducted on them for fattening period 60 days.The daily energy intake levels of each group were 8.89 MJ/d(A1 and B1),7.11 MJ/d(A2 and B2) and 5.33 MJ/d(A3 and B3),respectively.And other nutritional levels remained basically the same.The weight and body measurement index of the tested sheep were weighed and measured on the 1,30,60 d of feeding experiment,respectively.The results showed that different energy levels had significant effects on the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period.And in 1—60 d fattening period,male lambs grew faster than female lambs during the test.In 1—30 d fattening period, the average daily gain of male lambs in A2 group was 288.89 g/d,which was significantly higher than that of A3 group.The average daily gain of female lambs in B1 and B2 group was higher than that in B3 group by 66.41%,and the difference was extremely significant.The cumulative growth of female lambs in B1 and B2 group was significantly higher than that in B3 group,and the relative growth was extremely significantly higher than that in B3 group.In 30—60 d fattening period, the average daily gain of male lambs in A1 group was higher than that of A3 group by 96.92%,and the difference was also extremely significant.The cumulative growth and the relative growth of male lambs in A1 group were extremely significantly higher than those in A3 group.The cumulative growth of male lambs in A2 group was extremely significantly higher than that in A3 group.For male and female lambs,the change law of body size growth was similar to that of cumulative growth,but the significance of difference was different.There was also significant difference in body measurement index between different energy groups.In conclusion,the increase in energy level significantly can promote the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period;the fattening-weight-gain effect of the lambs in the high-energy group is the best;the growth and development of male lambs are quicker than those of female lambs.
In order to investigate the effects of different energy levels on the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period,18 F_1 male hybrids and 18 female hybrids which were well-developed,18 kg and 70 days old were selected.Male lambs were randomly divided into A1,A2,A3 groups with 6 lambs a group;female lambs were also randomly divided into B1,B2,B3 groups in the same way.Then a feeding experiment was conducted on them for fattening period 60 days.The daily energy intake levels of each group were 8.89 MJ/d(A1 and B1),7.11 MJ/d(A2 and B2) and 5.33 MJ/d(A3 and B3),respectively.And other nutritional levels remained basically the same.The weight and body measurement index of the tested sheep were weighed and measured on the 1,30,60 d of feeding experiment,respectively.The results showed that different energy levels had significant effects on the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period.And in 1—60 d fattening period,male lambs grew faster than female lambs during the test.In 1—30 d fattening period, the average daily gain of male lambs in A2 group was 288.89 g/d,which was significantly higher than that of A3 group.The average daily gain of female lambs in B1 and B2 group was higher than that in B3 group by 66.41%,and the difference was extremely significant.The cumulative growth of female lambs in B1 and B2 group was significantly higher than that in B3 group,and the relative growth was extremely significantly higher than that in B3 group.In 30—60 d fattening period, the average daily gain of male lambs in A1 group was higher than that of A3 group by 96.92%,and the difference was also extremely significant.The cumulative growth and the relative growth of male lambs in A1 group were extremely significantly higher than those in A3 group.The cumulative growth of male lambs in A2 group was extremely significantly higher than that in A3 group.For male and female lambs,the change law of body size growth was similar to that of cumulative growth,but the significance of difference was different.There was also significant difference in body measurement index between different energy groups.In conclusion,the increase in energy level significantly can promote the growth and development of F_1 hybrids of Lanzhou Fat-tailed sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep during fattening period;the fattening-weight-gain effect of the lambs in the high-energy group is the best;the growth and development of male lambs are quicker than those of female lambs.
引文
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[19] 崔祥,刁其玉,张乃锋,等.不同能量水平的饲粮对3～6月龄犊牛生长发育及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(4):947-961.
[20] 曲扬华,罗海玲,刘策,等.饲粮中添加番茄红素对绵羊生长发育、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1257-1264.
[21] 封元,马吉锋,洪龙,等.西杂母牛哺乳期不同营养水平对犊牛生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(19):107-109.
[22] 李恒芝,贺志雄,颜琼娴,等.妊娠期母体营养调控子代骨骼发育与代谢的研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2015,34(8):1663-1668.
[23] 何军敏,臧长江,黄锡霞,等.萨福克羔羊0～65日龄生长发育规律研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(6):1707-1713.
[24] 潘林香,王金文,魏述东,等.鲁中肉羊生长发育规律研究[J].现代畜牧兽医,2018(12):24-28.
[2] 中华人民共和国农业部.肉羊饲养标准:NY/T 816—2004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[3] 赵有璋.羊生产学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[4] 张蓉.能量水平及来源对早期断奶犊牛消化代谢的影响研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2008.
[5] 官丽辉,刘海斌,张立永,等.日粮不同能量水平对育成鸡体增质量、血液生化指标及内脏器官发育的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2014,34(2):350-356.
[6] 巩峰,王建民,王桂芝,等.饲粮不同能量水平对育肥奶山羊公羊生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(1):208-213.
[7] 赵超.光照方式和日粮能量水平对陕北白绒山羊生产性能和屠宰性能的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.
[8] 高峰,侯先志.妊娠后期不同营养水平对蒙古绵羊胎儿生长发育的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(6):1260-1264.
[9] 甘麦邻,马维英,于青云.不同能量水平对育肥猪生长性能、异常行为和疾病发生的影响[J].现代畜牧兽医,2015(10):1-5.
[10] 官丽辉,刘海斌,张立永,等.不同能量、蛋白水平日粮对育雏期塞北乌骨鸡生长发育规律、生化指标和肠道消化酶的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2013,33(8):1292-1300.
[11] 罗建川,王强军,张彦,等.贵州杂交绵羊体重体尺及血液生化指标测定与分析[J].安徽农业大学学报,2015,42(5):715-720.
[12] 李广,韩雄,贾晶,等.不同能量水平代乳料对羔羊生长性能的影响[J].中国草食动物科学,2014(S1):302-306.
[13] 王志明,王婕姝,王毅,等.甘肃高山细毛羊体重与体尺指标的相关性研究[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(1):28-32.
[14] 索效军,杨前平,陶虎,等.乌骨山羊体重体尺、血液生理生化指标及其相关性[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(9):2239-2243.
[15] 阮洪玲,项露颉,姜怀志,等.乾华肉用美利奴羊体重与体尺指标的相关性分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(21):10-13.
[16] 热西提·阿不都热依木,何军敏,周靖航,等.萨福克母羊体尺和体重相关性分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(17):134-135,138.
[17] 张崇志,刘迎春,高峰,等.妊娠后期营养限饲蒙古绵羊对其胎儿生长发育及血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):344-349.
[18] 李士栋.妊娠后期营养限制对蒙古绵羊生产性能及胎儿发育的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.
[19] 崔祥,刁其玉,张乃锋,等.不同能量水平的饲粮对3～6月龄犊牛生长发育及血清指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(4):947-961.
[20] 曲扬华,罗海玲,刘策,等.饲粮中添加番茄红素对绵羊生长发育、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(4):1257-1264.
[21] 封元,马吉锋,洪龙,等.西杂母牛哺乳期不同营养水平对犊牛生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(19):107-109.
[22] 李恒芝,贺志雄,颜琼娴,等.妊娠期母体营养调控子代骨骼发育与代谢的研究进展[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2015,34(8):1663-1668.
[23] 何军敏,臧长江,黄锡霞,等.萨福克羔羊0～65日龄生长发育规律研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(6):1707-1713.
[24] 潘林香,王金文,魏述东,等.鲁中肉羊生长发育规律研究[J].现代畜牧兽医,2018(12):24-28.
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