价差返还机制下售电公司博弈模型
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摘要
针对价差返还机制下新兴售电公司面临的申报价差难题,提出了基于双层电力市场结构的竞价博弈模型。引入售电公司总代理,统一购电并进行价差电费分配,以提高集中竞价市场的效率并降低售电公司的风险。在上层市场中,构造了发电企业与售电公司总代理间基于信息不对称的双边贝叶斯博弈模型;在下层市场中,考虑需求侧弹性,搭建售电公司决策模型。最后,通过一个简单算例验证了模型的可行性与有效性。
This paper presents a bidding model based on a two-stage electricity market structure to solve the bidding difficulties which emerging retail companies would face under the Spread-Rebate mechanism. In order to increase the market efficiency while reduce the risk of retailers, a general retailer agent, surrogate for all retailers, is modeled as the only buyer in the market who distributes the spread tariff among retailers after market clearing. In the upper stage, a bilateral Bayesian game model with asymmetric information between the generation companies and the general retailer agent is structured, whereas in the lower stage, a decision-making model with demand side elasticity for retail companies is built. Finally, an illustrative simple example is given to demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
This paper presents a bidding model based on a two-stage electricity market structure to solve the bidding difficulties which emerging retail companies would face under the Spread-Rebate mechanism. In order to increase the market efficiency while reduce the risk of retailers, a general retailer agent, surrogate for all retailers, is modeled as the only buyer in the market who distributes the spread tariff among retailers after market clearing. In the upper stage, a bilateral Bayesian game model with asymmetric information between the generation companies and the general retailer agent is structured, whereas in the lower stage, a decision-making model with demand side elasticity for retail companies is built. Finally, an illustrative simple example is given to demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
[1]中共中央,国务院.关于进一步深化电力体制改革的若干意见(中发[2015]9号)[Z].2015.
[2]陈思远,王波,王佳丽,等.基于价差返还机制的月度集中市场模拟及参数影响分析[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(16):111-118.CHEN Siyuan,WANG Bo,WANG Jiali,et al.Spread-back mechanism based simulation and parameter impact analysis of monthly-centralized electricity market[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(16):111-118.
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[5]张忠会,刘故帅,谢义苗.基于博弈论的电力系统供给侧多方交易决策[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1779-1785.ZHANG Zhonghui,LIU Gushuai,XIE Yimiao.A game theory approach to analyzing multi-party electricity trading on supply side[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1779-1785.
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[7]MARZBAND M,JAVADI M,DOMíNGUEZ-GARCíA JL,et al.Non-cooperative game theory based energy management systems for energy district in the retail market considering DER uncertainties[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(12):2999-3009.
[8]李刚,刘继春,魏震波,等.含分布式电源接入的市场多主体博弈分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(19):1-9.LI Gang,LIU Jichun,WEI Zhenbo,et al.Analysis of game among multi-agents in electrical power market with integration of distributed generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(19):1-9.
[9]方德斌,王先甲,张玉新,等.完全开放的双边电力市场中供需双方叫价拍卖的贝叶斯博弈模型[J].电网技术,2003,27(12):1-5.FANG Debin,WANG Xianjia,ZHANG Yuxin,et al.Adouble auction Bayesian model with supplier and demander in open lateral electricity market[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(12):1-5.
[10]BOMPARD E,HUANG Tao,YANG Li.Market equilibrium under incomplete and imperfect information in bilateral electricity markets[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2011,26(3):1231-1240.
[11]HUANG Tao,BOMPARD E,YAN Zheng.Congestion management impacts on bilateral electricity markets under strategic negotiation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011(81):1161-1170.
[12]NEKOUEI E,ALPCAN T,CHATTOPADHYAY D.Game-theoretic frameworks for demand response in electricity markets[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):748-758.
[13]王林炎,张粒子,张凡,等.售电公司购售电业务决策与风险评估[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):47-54.WANG Linyan,ZHANG Lizi,ZHANG Fan,et al.Decision-making and risk assessment of purchasing and selling business of electricity retailers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(1):47-54.
[14]CHENG Yu,ZHANG Chengwei.Configuration and operation combined optimization for EV battery swapping station considering PV consumption bundling[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):276-293.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0056-y.
[15]曾嘉志,赵雄飞,李静,等.用电侧市场放开下的电力市场多主体博弈[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):129-136.ZENG Jiazhi,ZHAO Xiongfei,LI Jing,et al.Game among multiple entities in electricity market with liberalization of power demand side market[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(24):129-136.
[16]张鹏,李春燕,张谦.基于需求响应调度容量上报策略博弈的电网多代理系统调度模式[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):170-179.ZHANG Peng,LI Chunyan,ZHANG Qian.A power system dispatch model based on game-theoretic multi-agent system demand response scheduling capacity reporting[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):170-179.
[17]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2004:154-158.
[18]王先齐,吕智林,汤泽琦.基于分时电价机制的并网型微网多目标动态优化调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(4):9-18.WANG Xianqi,LüZhilin,TANG Zeqi.Multiobjective dynamic optimal dispatching of grid-connected microgrid based on TOU power price mechanism[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(4):9-18.
[19]石帮松,张靖,李博文,等.多类型售电公司共存下竞价售电的市场均衡研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(5):62-67.SHI Bangsong,ZHANG Jing,LI Bowen,et al.Market equilibrium study on multiple types of electric power retailers bidding[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(5):62-67.
[20]郭曼兰,陈皓勇,张聪,等.偏差电量考核机制下售电公司的最优经营策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(20):17-25.GUO Manlan,CHEN Haoyong,ZHANG Cong,et al.Optimal marketing strategy of retailers under energy deviation penalty[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(20):17-25.
[2]陈思远,王波,王佳丽,等.基于价差返还机制的月度集中市场模拟及参数影响分析[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(16):111-118.CHEN Siyuan,WANG Bo,WANG Jiali,et al.Spread-back mechanism based simulation and parameter impact analysis of monthly-centralized electricity market[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(16):111-118.
[3]岑建军,王梦瑶.解读广东省集中交易第一单[J].山东工业技术,2017(15):285-287.CEN Jianjun,WANG Mengyao.Interpretation of the first order of Guangdong centralized trading[J].Shandong Industrial Technology,2017(15):285-287.
[4]卢强,陈来军,梅生伟.博弈论在电力系统中典型应用及若干展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5009-5017.LU Qiang,CHEN Laijun,MEI Shengwei.Typical applications and prospects of game theory in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5009-5017.
[5]张忠会,刘故帅,谢义苗.基于博弈论的电力系统供给侧多方交易决策[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1779-1785.ZHANG Zhonghui,LIU Gushuai,XIE Yimiao.A game theory approach to analyzing multi-party electricity trading on supply side[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1779-1785.
[6]陈亦杰,刘故帅,张忠会.考虑电动汽车群和新增实体的电力市场多方交易策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(13):33-40.CHEN Yijie,LIU Gushuai,ZHANG Zhonghui.A study on multi-party trading strategy of electricity market considering electric vehicle group and new entity[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(13):33-40.
[7]MARZBAND M,JAVADI M,DOMíNGUEZ-GARCíA JL,et al.Non-cooperative game theory based energy management systems for energy district in the retail market considering DER uncertainties[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(12):2999-3009.
[8]李刚,刘继春,魏震波,等.含分布式电源接入的市场多主体博弈分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(19):1-9.LI Gang,LIU Jichun,WEI Zhenbo,et al.Analysis of game among multi-agents in electrical power market with integration of distributed generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(19):1-9.
[9]方德斌,王先甲,张玉新,等.完全开放的双边电力市场中供需双方叫价拍卖的贝叶斯博弈模型[J].电网技术,2003,27(12):1-5.FANG Debin,WANG Xianjia,ZHANG Yuxin,et al.Adouble auction Bayesian model with supplier and demander in open lateral electricity market[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(12):1-5.
[10]BOMPARD E,HUANG Tao,YANG Li.Market equilibrium under incomplete and imperfect information in bilateral electricity markets[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2011,26(3):1231-1240.
[11]HUANG Tao,BOMPARD E,YAN Zheng.Congestion management impacts on bilateral electricity markets under strategic negotiation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2011(81):1161-1170.
[12]NEKOUEI E,ALPCAN T,CHATTOPADHYAY D.Game-theoretic frameworks for demand response in electricity markets[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):748-758.
[13]王林炎,张粒子,张凡,等.售电公司购售电业务决策与风险评估[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):47-54.WANG Linyan,ZHANG Lizi,ZHANG Fan,et al.Decision-making and risk assessment of purchasing and selling business of electricity retailers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(1):47-54.
[14]CHENG Yu,ZHANG Chengwei.Configuration and operation combined optimization for EV battery swapping station considering PV consumption bundling[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):276-293.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0056-y.
[15]曾嘉志,赵雄飞,李静,等.用电侧市场放开下的电力市场多主体博弈[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):129-136.ZENG Jiazhi,ZHAO Xiongfei,LI Jing,et al.Game among multiple entities in electricity market with liberalization of power demand side market[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(24):129-136.
[16]张鹏,李春燕,张谦.基于需求响应调度容量上报策略博弈的电网多代理系统调度模式[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):170-179.ZHANG Peng,LI Chunyan,ZHANG Qian.A power system dispatch model based on game-theoretic multi-agent system demand response scheduling capacity reporting[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):170-179.
[17]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2004:154-158.
[18]王先齐,吕智林,汤泽琦.基于分时电价机制的并网型微网多目标动态优化调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(4):9-18.WANG Xianqi,LüZhilin,TANG Zeqi.Multiobjective dynamic optimal dispatching of grid-connected microgrid based on TOU power price mechanism[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(4):9-18.
[19]石帮松,张靖,李博文,等.多类型售电公司共存下竞价售电的市场均衡研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(5):62-67.SHI Bangsong,ZHANG Jing,LI Bowen,et al.Market equilibrium study on multiple types of electric power retailers bidding[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(5):62-67.
[20]郭曼兰,陈皓勇,张聪,等.偏差电量考核机制下售电公司的最优经营策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(20):17-25.GUO Manlan,CHEN Haoyong,ZHANG Cong,et al.Optimal marketing strategy of retailers under energy deviation penalty[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(20):17-25.