石门揭煤中煤体塑性区跃迁特征与诱突机制
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摘要
为了研究石门揭煤突出的发生机制,在分析石门揭煤中煤与瓦斯突出的岩体、应力环境和物理现象基础上,依据煤岩蝶形破坏理论,建立石门揭煤中煤体塑性区形态及其诱突机制的分析模型。研究发现石门揭煤中煤体塑性区大小和形态存在蝶叶跃迁现象,塑性区大小对于主应力比值和煤岩体强度的变化具有高度敏感性,主应力比值或煤岩体强度达到某一临界条件后的微小增量均可以引起煤体塑性区的大幅增加。进而提出石门揭煤中煤体塑性区蝶叶跃迁诱发煤与瓦斯突出机制,即石门揭煤过程中,主应力比值和煤岩体强度的变化,使煤体在极短时间内产生一定范围的蝶叶塑性区,引发煤岩体内弹性能和瓦斯能的叠加突然释放,发生煤与瓦斯突出事故。并据此对红菱煤矿6·20特大突出案例进行计算机重演,获得的煤体蝶叶跃迁形态、范围与灾害案例中的突出空洞形态、突出煤量具有很好的一致性,为研究石门揭煤突出的发生机制提出一种新思路。
In order to research the outburst mechanisms of rock cross-cut coal uncovering,the outburst rock mass,stress environment and physical phenomena in rock cross-cut coal uncovering were analyzed,and a analytical model for the shape of the coal plastic zone and its induced outburst mechanism of rock cross-cut coal uncovering was established according to the butterfly-shaped failure theory of coal rock. The study results show that there is a butterfly-shaped promotion in the size and the shape of plastic zones s of rock cross-cut coal uncovering,and that the size of butterfly-shaped plastic zone is highly sensitive to the changes of the principal stress ratio and the strength of the coal rock mass. When the ratio or the strength reaches a critical condition,a slight increment would result in a massive expansion of the plastic zone. The outburst mechanisms of coal and gas induced by the butterfly-shaped mutation of plastic zones in the process of cross-cut coal uncovering were revealed. A butterfly leaf plastic zone forms within a very short time due to the changes of the principal stress ratio and the strength of the coal rock mass,which triggers a sudden release of both the elastic energy and the gas energy in coal rock and then,a coal and gas outburst accident. A computer replay of the 6.20 extraordinarily prominent case of Hongling Coal Mine was carried out,and the calculated shape and scope of the butterfly-shaped promotion in the coal body are in good agreement with the prominent cavity shape and the outburst coal volume in the disaster case. The research provides a new idea for investigating the occurrence mechanism of rock cross-cut coal uncovering.
In order to research the outburst mechanisms of rock cross-cut coal uncovering,the outburst rock mass,stress environment and physical phenomena in rock cross-cut coal uncovering were analyzed,and a analytical model for the shape of the coal plastic zone and its induced outburst mechanism of rock cross-cut coal uncovering was established according to the butterfly-shaped failure theory of coal rock. The study results show that there is a butterfly-shaped promotion in the size and the shape of plastic zones s of rock cross-cut coal uncovering,and that the size of butterfly-shaped plastic zone is highly sensitive to the changes of the principal stress ratio and the strength of the coal rock mass. When the ratio or the strength reaches a critical condition,a slight increment would result in a massive expansion of the plastic zone. The outburst mechanisms of coal and gas induced by the butterfly-shaped mutation of plastic zones in the process of cross-cut coal uncovering were revealed. A butterfly leaf plastic zone forms within a very short time due to the changes of the principal stress ratio and the strength of the coal rock mass,which triggers a sudden release of both the elastic energy and the gas energy in coal rock and then,a coal and gas outburst accident. A computer replay of the 6.20 extraordinarily prominent case of Hongling Coal Mine was carried out,and the calculated shape and scope of the butterfly-shaped promotion in the coal body are in good agreement with the prominent cavity shape and the outburst coal volume in the disaster case. The research provides a new idea for investigating the occurrence mechanism of rock cross-cut coal uncovering.
引文
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[3]李贺,林柏泉,黄展博,等.不同原岩应力方向下石门揭煤时应力与位移演化特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):88-95.(LI He,LIN Baiquan,HUANG Zhanbo,et al.Stress and displacement evolution features of opening seam in mine cross cut based on different in-situ rock stress and orientations[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):88-95.(in Chinese))
[4]高魁,刘泽功,刘健.地应力在石门揭构造软煤诱发煤与瓦斯突出中的作用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(2):305-312.(GAO Kui,LIU Zegong,LIU Jian.Effect of geostress on coal and gas outburst in the uncovering tectonic soft coal by cross-cut[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(2):305-312.(in Chinese))
[5]何俊,陈新生.地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出控制作用的研究现状与发展趋势[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,28(1):1-7.(HE Jun,CHEN Xinsheng.Research state and its development trends for control function of geological structure to coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University:Natural Science,2009,28(1):1-7.(in Chinese))
[6]BEAMISH B B,CROSDALE P J.Instantaneous outbursts in underground coal mines:an overview and association with coal type.International Journal of Coal Geology,1998,35(1):27-55.
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[8]颜爱华,徐涛.煤与瓦斯突出的物理模拟和数值模拟研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(9):37-42.(YAN Aihua,XU Tao.Laboratory experiments and numerical simulation on coal and gas outbursts[J].China Safety Science Journal,2008,18(9):37-42.(in Chinese))
[9]潘一山.煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压复合动力灾害一体化研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):105-112.(PAN Yishan.Integrated study on compound dynamic disaster of coal-gas outburst and rock burst[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):105-112.(in Chinese))
[10]马念杰,赵希栋,赵志强,等.掘进巷道蝶型煤与瓦斯突出机制猜想[J].矿业科学学报,2017,2(2):137-149.(MA Nianjie,ZHAOXidong,ZHAO Zhiqiang,et al.Conjecture about mechanism of butterfly-shape coal and gas outburst in excavation roadway[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,2(2):137-149.(in Chinese))
[11]赵志强,马念杰,郭晓菲,等.煤层巷道蝶型冲击地压发生机制猜想[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(11):2 689-2 697.(ZHAO Zhiqiang,MA Nianjie,GUO Xiaofei,et al.Mechanism conjecture of butterfly rock burst in coal seam roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(11):2 689-2 697.(in Chinese))
[12]马念杰,郭晓菲,赵志强,等.均质圆形巷道蝶型冲击地压发生机制及其判定准则[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(11):2 679-2 688.(MANianjie,GUO Xiaofei,ZHAO Zhiqiang,et al.Occurrence mechanisms and judging criterion on circular tunnel butterfly rock burst in homogeneous medium[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(11):2 679-2 688.(in Chinese))
[13]赵志强,马念杰,郭晓菲,等.大变形回采巷道蝶叶型冒顶机理与控制[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(12):2 932-2 939.(ZHAO Zhiqiang,MA Nianjie,GUO Xiaofei,et al.Falling principle and support design of butterfly-failure roof in large deformation mining roadways[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(12):2 932-2 939.(in Chinese))
[14]郭晓菲,马念杰,赵希栋,等.圆形巷道围岩塑性区的一般形态及其判定准则[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(8):1 871-1 877.(GUOXiaofei,MA Nianjie,ZHAO Xidong,et al.General shapes and criterion for surrounding rock mass plastic zone of round roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(8):1 871-1 877.(in Chinese))
[15]马念杰,李季,赵志强.圆形巷道围岩偏应力场及塑性区分布规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(2):206-213.(MA Nianjie,LI Ji,ZHAO Zhiqiang.Distribution of the deviatoric stress field and plastic zone in circular road-way surrounding rock[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2015,44(2):206-213.(in Chinese))
[16]赵志强.大变形回采巷道围岩变形破坏机制与控制方法研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2014.(ZHAO Zhiqiang.Mechanism of surrounding rock deformation and failure and control method research in large deformation mining roadway[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:China University of Mining Science and Technology(Beijing),2014.(in Chinese))
[17]赵志强,马念杰,刘洪涛,等.巷道蝶形破坏理论及其应用前景[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(5):969-978.(ZHAO Zhiqiang,MANianjie,LIU Hongtao,et al.A butterfiy failure theory of rock mass around roadway and its application prospect[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2018,47(5):969-978.(in Chinese))
[18]杨德方,张子敏,张玉贵,等.复合构造控制煤与瓦斯突出及其地质条件[J].煤矿安全,2009,40(8):81-83.(YANG Defang,ZHANGZimin,ZHANG Yugui,et al.Composite structure to control coal and gas outburst and its geological conditions[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2009,40(8):81-83.(in Chinese))
[19]罗康成.地应力场对煤与瓦斯突出的控制作用[J].煤炭工程,2009,(8):95-97.(LUO Kangcheng.Control of coal and gas outburst by ground stress field[J].Coal Engineering,2009,(8):95-97.(in Chinese))
[20]唐巨鹏,丁佳会,于宁,等.有效应力对石门揭煤突出影响分析和试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(2):282-290.(TANG Jupeng,DING Jiahui,YU Ning,et al.Analysis and experimental study on the effect of effective stress on coal and gas outburst in crosscutting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(2):282-290.(in Chinese))
[21]张春华,刘泽功,李尧斌,等.深部矿井煤与瓦斯突出性数值模拟研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(8):49-52.(ZHANG Chunhua,LIU Zegong,LI Yaobin,et al.Research on numerical simulation of coal and gas outburst features in deep mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2009,37(8):49-52.(in Chinese))
[22]黄德生.地质构造控制煤与瓦斯突出的探讨[J].地质科学,1992,(增1):201-207.(HUANG Desheng.Study of geological structure control on coal and gas outburst[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,1992,(Supp.1):201-207.(in Chinese))
[23]谢雄刚,冯涛,王永,等.煤与瓦斯突出过程中能量动态平衡[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1 120-1 124.(XIE Xionggang,FENGTao,WANG Yong,et al.Study on the energy dynamic balance in coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(7):1 120-1 124.(in Chinese))
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