淡紫紫孢菌对黄瓜根结线虫的防治效果
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摘要
根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)是一类严重危害经济农作物并广泛分布于世界各地的重要的植物病原线虫。淡紫紫孢菌(Purpureocillium lilacinum)能够寄生于根结线虫和孢囊线虫卵,对根结线虫有很强的抑制作用。为了检验淡紫紫孢菌对黄瓜根结线虫的防治作用,测定了淡紫紫孢菌pt361对黄瓜根结线虫卵的寄生率、幼虫致死率,并分析了淡紫紫孢菌的代谢产物白灰制菌素,同时测定了其在土壤中的存活状态。结果表明,淡紫紫孢菌pt361菌株对线虫卵寄生率为72.6%。其菌株混合发酵液对黄瓜根结线虫幼虫致死率达95.2%。对pt361菌株代谢产物进行检测,发现有白灰制菌素A和B,其浓度分别为98.9%和71.2%,这可能与淡紫紫孢菌防治根结线虫的机制有关。综上所述,淡紫紫孢菌能有效防治黄瓜根结线虫。
Root knot nematode is a kind of important plant disease nematode, which distributes widely and causes serious harm to crop production in the world. The Purpureocillium lilacinum can inhibit root knot nematode according to parasitic on the root knot nematodes and sporangium. In order to investigate the preventive effect of Purpureocillium lilacinum on cucumber root knot nematode, the parasitic rate and larvae of mortality when the Purpureocillium lilacinum pt361 interacted with the cucumber root knot nematodes were measured, the metabolites of leucinostatins was analyzed, and the survival state of pt361 strains in soil was determined. The results showed that the parasitism rate of pt361 strains on cucumber root knot nematodes was 72.6%, and the larva fatality rate of its mixed fermentation broth could reach 95.2%on the cucumber rootworm. It was found that the concentrations of leucinostatins A and B were respectively 98.9% and 71.2% when the metabolites of pt361 strains were detected, which might be related to the prevention mechanism to control the root knot nematodes. In conclusion, the Purpureocillium lilacinum could effectively control the root nematode of cucumber.
Root knot nematode is a kind of important plant disease nematode, which distributes widely and causes serious harm to crop production in the world. The Purpureocillium lilacinum can inhibit root knot nematode according to parasitic on the root knot nematodes and sporangium. In order to investigate the preventive effect of Purpureocillium lilacinum on cucumber root knot nematode, the parasitic rate and larvae of mortality when the Purpureocillium lilacinum pt361 interacted with the cucumber root knot nematodes were measured, the metabolites of leucinostatins was analyzed, and the survival state of pt361 strains in soil was determined. The results showed that the parasitism rate of pt361 strains on cucumber root knot nematodes was 72.6%, and the larva fatality rate of its mixed fermentation broth could reach 95.2%on the cucumber rootworm. It was found that the concentrations of leucinostatins A and B were respectively 98.9% and 71.2% when the metabolites of pt361 strains were detected, which might be related to the prevention mechanism to control the root knot nematodes. In conclusion, the Purpureocillium lilacinum could effectively control the root nematode of cucumber.
引文
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[17]成儒萍,肖炎农,黄永兵,等.耐多菌灵淡紫拟青霉对线虫的致病力及其在土壤中的存活[J].中国生物防治,2010,26(1):80-84.
[2]WESEMAEL W M L,VIAENE N,MOENS M.Root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne spp.)in Europe[J].Nematology,2011,13(1):3-16.
[3]顾兴芳,张圣平,张思远,等.抗南方根结线虫黄瓜砧木的筛选[J].中国蔬菜,2006(2):4-8.
[4]TZORTZAKAKIS E A,ADAM M A,BLOCK V C,et al.Occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root knot nematodes on tomato in Greece[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2005,113(1):101-105.
[5]SKáLOVáD,NAVRáTILOVáB,LEBEDA A.Embryo rescue of cucumber(Cucumis sativus),muskmelon(C.melo)and some wild Cucumis species(C.anguria,C.zeyheri,and C.metuliferus)[J].Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality,2008,82(1):83-89.
[6]WALTERS S A,WEHNER T C.Incompatibility in diploid and tetraploid crosses of Cucumis sativus and Cucumis metuliferus[J].Euphytica,2002,128(3):371-374.
[7]鄢小宁.利用黄瓜幼苗内生真菌种子处理防治南方根结线虫的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.
[8]马玉琴,魏偲,茆振川,等,生防型菌肥对黄瓜生长及根结线虫病的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(15):2945-2954.
[9]ATKINS S D,HIDALGO-DIAZ L,KALISZ H,et al.Development of a new management strategy for the control of root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne spp.)in organic vegetable production[J].Pest Management Science,2003,59(2):183-189.
[10]ZHANG S,GAN Y,Xu B.Biocontrol potential of a native species of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against Meloidogyne incognita[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2015,94:21-29.
[11]YUZURU M,KATSUKIYO Y,KAZUTAKA F.Paecilotoxin production in clinical or terrestrial isolates of Paecilomyces lilacinum strains[J].Mycopathologia 1989,108(3):195-199.
[12]吕星光,刘润进,李敏.丛枝菌根真菌对西瓜嫁接苗抗南方根结线虫病的影响[J].菌物学报,2017,36(7):1018-1027.
[13]张淑彬,王幼珊,邹国元.丛枝菌根真菌对黄瓜南方根结线虫病害防治效应[J].北方园艺,2011(19):123-126.
[14]孙尹双.芽孢杆菌AMCC100150防治黄瓜根结线虫病及发酵条件优化[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[15]肖顺,张绍升.根结线虫的寄生菌物生物多样性[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2004,33(4):434-437.
[16]刘晓莉,淡紫拟青霉对南方根结线虫侵染机制的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[17]成儒萍,肖炎农,黄永兵,等.耐多菌灵淡紫拟青霉对线虫的致病力及其在土壤中的存活[J].中国生物防治,2010,26(1):80-84.