物探数据在三维地质建模中的应用——以新疆哈密盆地为例
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摘要
在地质信息应用方面,三维地质结构模型有着重大表现能力,成为水文地质工程项目中不可缺的部分。目前,多数地区钻孔资料不足,针对物探技术的优势,笔者以物探资料丰富的新疆哈密盆地为例,根据风化壳划分理论基础和物探数据中视电阻率的变化趋势,利用离散数据拐点确定方法进行物探测量点的地质结构划分,并利用钻孔资料对分层结果进行验证;然后在物探数据缺失区设置虚拟物探测量点,根据地表第四系厚度分布情况,按照就近物探测量点的分层位置对虚拟物探测量点进行分层,使得全区地质结构的划分更加细致;最后在GOCAD软件中建立了研究区较为准确的三维地质模型。三维地质结构模型为进一步的地下水流动研究及水均衡计算提供了理论依据。通过对建模过程的展示,提供了利用物探数据进行区域三维地质建模的一种新思路。
3D Geological structural model plays a major role in showing the geological information,and has been an essential part of hydrogeology engineering projects.For the lack of borehole data in most regions and the advantages of geophysical technology,this paper takes Hami Basin of Xinjiang where the geophysical data is rich for example,according to the theoretical basis of crusting weathering crust and the change trend of apparent resistivity from geophysical data,the determination method of discrete data inflexion point is applied to classify geological structure,and the classification is verified using drilling hole data;then,to divide the regional geological structure more detailedly,virtual geophysical measurement points are set in deleted regions of geophysical data,and virtual geophysical measurement points are assigned using the distribution of surface quaternary thickness,and according to the layered location of nearby geophysical measurement points;finally,the more accurate 3Dgeological section model of study area is established using GOCAD.3Dgeological section model provides the theoretical basisfor further groundwater flow study and water balance calculation,and through showing the modeling process,this paper provides a new idea of regional 3D geological modeling using geophysical data.
3D Geological structural model plays a major role in showing the geological information,and has been an essential part of hydrogeology engineering projects.For the lack of borehole data in most regions and the advantages of geophysical technology,this paper takes Hami Basin of Xinjiang where the geophysical data is rich for example,according to the theoretical basis of crusting weathering crust and the change trend of apparent resistivity from geophysical data,the determination method of discrete data inflexion point is applied to classify geological structure,and the classification is verified using drilling hole data;then,to divide the regional geological structure more detailedly,virtual geophysical measurement points are set in deleted regions of geophysical data,and virtual geophysical measurement points are assigned using the distribution of surface quaternary thickness,and according to the layered location of nearby geophysical measurement points;finally,the more accurate 3Dgeological section model of study area is established using GOCAD.3Dgeological section model provides the theoretical basisfor further groundwater flow study and water balance calculation,and through showing the modeling process,this paper provides a new idea of regional 3D geological modeling using geophysical data.
引文
曹代勇.物探资料在构造地质研究中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,1993,5(2):82-87.Cao Daiyong.The application of geophysical data in thestudy of structural geology[J].China Coal Field Geological,1993,5(2):82-87.
陈海云.合肥盆地中新生代构造演化[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(2):250-256.Chen Haiyun.Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of theHefei Basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2004,10(2):250-256.
胡宏韬,林学钰,蔡青勤,等.哈密盆地多层含水系统地下水流数值模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探,2001,29(3):29-32.Hu Hongtao,Lin Xueyu,Cai Qingqin,et al.Numericalsimulation of groundwater formulti-layera quifer systemin Hami Basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2001,29(3):29-32.
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兰险,庄道泽,段新力.进入21世纪新疆非油气矿产资源物探勘查技术的应用[J].西北地质,2010,43(2):107-118.Lan Xian,Zhuang Daoze,Duan Xinli.Application of geophysical prospecting technique in Non-oil gas mineral recources in the 21st century[J].Northwestern Geology,2010,43(2):107-118.
李良平,胡伏生,尹立河.鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系三维地质建模研究[J].西北地质,2007,40(2):109-113.Li Liangping,Hu Fusheng,Yin Lihe.On the 3-dimentionalgeological modeling of cretacaceous system in the OrdosBasin[J].Northwestern Geology,2007,40(2):109-113.
李智毅,王智济,杨裕云.工程地质学基础[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1990.Li Zhiyi,Wang Zhiji,Yang Yuyun.Foundation EngineeringGeology[M].China University of Geosciences Press,Bei Jing,1990.
蔺志璧.应用电测井蔺曲线研究岩矿石渗透性[J].西北铀矿地质,2003,29(2):36-41.Lin Zhibi.The research of ore rock permeability applyingelectric logging curve[J].West North Uranium OreQuality,2003,29(2):36-41.
石明生,张永雨.电测深法和钻探相结合在山区地质勘察中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(5):92-95.Shi Mingsheng,Zhang Yongyu.Application of the combination method of electric sounding and drilling in geological investigation in mountain districts[J].Geology andProspecting,2005,41(5):92-95.
毋河海.数字曲线拐点的自动确定[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,2(3):330-335.Wu Hehai.Automatic determination of inflect point and itsapplications[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Information Science),2003,2(3):330-335.
王长海,许国.GOCAD地质建模在某工程中的应用[J].红水河,2011,30(6):165-167.Wang Changhai,Xu Guo.Appliation of GOCAD 3D-dimensional geo-modeling inpractical Project[J].Red River,2011,30(6):165-167.
王润怀,李永树,刘永和,等.三维地质建模中虚拟钻孔的引入及其确定[J].地质与勘探,2007,43(3):102-107.Wang Runhuai,Li Yongshu,Liu Yonghe,et al.Import anddetermination methods for virtual borehole in geo-3Dmodeling[J].Geology and Prospecting,2007,43(3):102-107.
魏群,党丽娟,张俊红,等.GOCAD在岩体三维可视化模拟中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(5):15-19.Wei Qun,Dang Liuan,Zhang Junhong,et al.Application ofGOCAD in 3Dvisual simulation of rock mass[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2008,36(5):15-19.
尉中良,邹长春.地球物理测井[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.Wei Zhongliang,Zou Changchun.Geophysical Well Logging[M].The Geological Publishing House,Beijing,2005.
向中林,王妍,王润怀,等.基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化过程研究[J].地质与勘探,2009,45(1):75-81.Xiang Zhonglin,Wang Yan,Wang Runhuai,et al.3Dgeological modeling and visualization process of mines basedon borehole data[J].Geology and Prospecting,2009,45(1):75-81.
赵鹏飞,王功文,李瑞喜,等.基于C#与GOCAD-FLAC3D的三维地质模拟程序设计[J].西北地质,2012,45(增刊):202-205.Zhao Pengfei,Wang Gongwen,Li Ruixi,et al.Program design of 3Dgeological simulation based on C#and GOCAD-FLAC3D[J].Northwestern Geology,2012,45(suppl):202-205.
郑恩玖.利用视视电阻率测井参数计算含水层渗透系数的探讨[J].世界核地质科学,2006,23(3):167-170.Zheng Enjiu.Discussion on algorithm of permeability coefficient in hydrous layer by using logging parameter of apparent resistivity[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2006,23(3):167-170.
张鸿义.中国干旱区地下水资源及开发潜力分析[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(2):149-161.Zhang Hongyi.Groundwater resources and their exploitationpotential in arid areas in China[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,29(2):36-41.
陈海云.合肥盆地中新生代构造演化[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(2):250-256.Chen Haiyun.Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of theHefei Basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2004,10(2):250-256.
胡宏韬,林学钰,蔡青勤,等.哈密盆地多层含水系统地下水流数值模拟[J].煤田地质与勘探,2001,29(3):29-32.Hu Hongtao,Lin Xueyu,Cai Qingqin,et al.Numericalsimulation of groundwater formulti-layera quifer systemin Hami Basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2001,29(3):29-32.
贾丽丽,王晓强.哈密地区水资源评价与利用对策研究[J].中国水运(下半月),2010,10(5):127-128.Jia Lili,Wang Xiaoqiang.The water resources evaluationand utilization countermeasures in Hami[J].ChinaWater Transport(second half month),2010,10(5):127-128.
寇国伟.物探在工程勘察与检测中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2007,19(11):38-39.Kou Guowei.Theapplication of geophysical exploration inengineering geological prospecting[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2007,19(11):38-39.
兰险,庄道泽,段新力.进入21世纪新疆非油气矿产资源物探勘查技术的应用[J].西北地质,2010,43(2):107-118.Lan Xian,Zhuang Daoze,Duan Xinli.Application of geophysical prospecting technique in Non-oil gas mineral recources in the 21st century[J].Northwestern Geology,2010,43(2):107-118.
李良平,胡伏生,尹立河.鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系三维地质建模研究[J].西北地质,2007,40(2):109-113.Li Liangping,Hu Fusheng,Yin Lihe.On the 3-dimentionalgeological modeling of cretacaceous system in the OrdosBasin[J].Northwestern Geology,2007,40(2):109-113.
李智毅,王智济,杨裕云.工程地质学基础[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1990.Li Zhiyi,Wang Zhiji,Yang Yuyun.Foundation EngineeringGeology[M].China University of Geosciences Press,Bei Jing,1990.
蔺志璧.应用电测井蔺曲线研究岩矿石渗透性[J].西北铀矿地质,2003,29(2):36-41.Lin Zhibi.The research of ore rock permeability applyingelectric logging curve[J].West North Uranium OreQuality,2003,29(2):36-41.
石明生,张永雨.电测深法和钻探相结合在山区地质勘察中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(5):92-95.Shi Mingsheng,Zhang Yongyu.Application of the combination method of electric sounding and drilling in geological investigation in mountain districts[J].Geology andProspecting,2005,41(5):92-95.
毋河海.数字曲线拐点的自动确定[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,2(3):330-335.Wu Hehai.Automatic determination of inflect point and itsapplications[J].Journal of Wuhan University(Information Science),2003,2(3):330-335.
王长海,许国.GOCAD地质建模在某工程中的应用[J].红水河,2011,30(6):165-167.Wang Changhai,Xu Guo.Appliation of GOCAD 3D-dimensional geo-modeling inpractical Project[J].Red River,2011,30(6):165-167.
王润怀,李永树,刘永和,等.三维地质建模中虚拟钻孔的引入及其确定[J].地质与勘探,2007,43(3):102-107.Wang Runhuai,Li Yongshu,Liu Yonghe,et al.Import anddetermination methods for virtual borehole in geo-3Dmodeling[J].Geology and Prospecting,2007,43(3):102-107.
魏群,党丽娟,张俊红,等.GOCAD在岩体三维可视化模拟中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(5):15-19.Wei Qun,Dang Liuan,Zhang Junhong,et al.Application ofGOCAD in 3Dvisual simulation of rock mass[J].CoalGeology&Exploration,2008,36(5):15-19.
尉中良,邹长春.地球物理测井[M].北京:地质出版社,2005.Wei Zhongliang,Zou Changchun.Geophysical Well Logging[M].The Geological Publishing House,Beijing,2005.
向中林,王妍,王润怀,等.基于钻孔数据的矿山三维地质建模及可视化过程研究[J].地质与勘探,2009,45(1):75-81.Xiang Zhonglin,Wang Yan,Wang Runhuai,et al.3Dgeological modeling and visualization process of mines basedon borehole data[J].Geology and Prospecting,2009,45(1):75-81.
赵鹏飞,王功文,李瑞喜,等.基于C#与GOCAD-FLAC3D的三维地质模拟程序设计[J].西北地质,2012,45(增刊):202-205.Zhao Pengfei,Wang Gongwen,Li Ruixi,et al.Program design of 3Dgeological simulation based on C#and GOCAD-FLAC3D[J].Northwestern Geology,2012,45(suppl):202-205.
郑恩玖.利用视视电阻率测井参数计算含水层渗透系数的探讨[J].世界核地质科学,2006,23(3):167-170.Zheng Enjiu.Discussion on algorithm of permeability coefficient in hydrous layer by using logging parameter of apparent resistivity[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2006,23(3):167-170.
张鸿义.中国干旱区地下水资源及开发潜力分析[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(2):149-161.Zhang Hongyi.Groundwater resources and their exploitationpotential in arid areas in China[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,29(2):36-41.