论人类基因组编辑规制的目的与特征
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摘要
规制是应对技术发展不确定性、调和复杂多元的法益冲突的必要手段。对人类基因组编辑进行规制的目的在于协调利益与风险间的冲突,明确责任与宽容的限度,实现管制与开放的平衡。基于上述目的的需要,有关人类基因组编辑的规制呈现出风险与权益冲突的审慎性原则、多元因素权衡下的分类规制、自律与他律的互补等特征。
Regulation is a necessary means to cope with the uncertainty of technological development and to reconcile complex and diverse legal conflicts. The purposes of regulating human genome editing are to coordinate conflicts between interests and risks,to define the limits of responsibility and tolerance,and to achieve a balance between restrictions and openness. For these purposes,the principle of prudence,classification regulation and the complementary of self-discipline and heteronomy are the characteristics of the regulation of human genome editing.
Regulation is a necessary means to cope with the uncertainty of technological development and to reconcile complex and diverse legal conflicts. The purposes of regulating human genome editing are to coordinate conflicts between interests and risks,to define the limits of responsibility and tolerance,and to achieve a balance between restrictions and openness. For these purposes,the principle of prudence,classification regulation and the complementary of self-discipline and heteronomy are the characteristics of the regulation of human genome editing.
引文
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[9]DAVIES J L. The regulation of Gene Editing in the UK[J]. The scitech lawyer,2016,13(1):14-17.
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[11]陶应时,罗成翼.人类胚胎基因编辑的伦理悖论及其化解之道[J].自然辩证法通讯,2018(2):87.
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[14]迈克尔·桑德尔.反对完美:科技与人性的正义之战[M].黄慧慧,译.北京:中信出版社,2013:5.
[2]LIANG P,XU Y,ZHANG X et al. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes[J]. Protein&cell. 2015(6):363-372.
[3]朱振.反对完美?——关于人类基因编辑的道德与法律哲学思考[J].华东政法大学学报,2018(1):74.
[4]叶金强.风险领域理论与侵权法二元归责体系[J].法学研究,2009(2):50.
[5]郭全娟,韩秋菊,张建. CRISPR/Cas9技术的脱靶效应及优化策略[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2018(8):801.
[6]梁普平,黄军就.推开人类胚胎基因研究的神秘大门[J].生命科学,2016(2):423.
[7]蔡宗珍.程序导向的基因科技立法必要性与其规范内涵初探[J].生物科技与法律研究通讯,2001(9):15-19.
[8]王立铭.上帝的手术刀:基因编辑简史[M].浙江:浙江人民出版社,2017:89.
[9]DAVIES J L. The regulation of Gene Editing in the UK[J]. The scitech lawyer,2016,13(1):14-17.
[10]陈轶翔.基因编辑技术何去何从[J].世界科学,2016(1):39.
[11]陶应时,罗成翼.人类胚胎基因编辑的伦理悖论及其化解之道[J].自然辩证法通讯,2018(2):87.
[12]DWORKIN R. Sovereign virtue:the theory and practice of equality[M]. Cambridge:Harvard University Press,2000:446.
[13]高璐.从阿西洛马会议到华盛顿峰会:专家预警在生物技术治理中的角色与局限[J].山东科技大学学报(社会科学版),2018(6):33.
[14]迈克尔·桑德尔.反对完美:科技与人性的正义之战[M].黄慧慧,译.北京:中信出版社,2013:5.