螺旋管丙烷流动沸腾换热特性
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摘要
丙烷作为自然工质具有良好的换热性能并且对环境影响较小,是替代传统制冷剂的选择。目前对于丙烷在螺旋管中沸腾传热的研究较少。实验测量了丙烷在管内径8 mm、螺旋半径42 mm、螺距21.5 mm的螺旋管中的流动沸腾传热系数。实验采用套管的形式,在螺旋管外用恒温水对丙烷进行加热,调整水入口温度与水流量得到不同的热通量。实验表明,螺旋管对流动沸腾换热具有一定的强化作用。实验数据与已有的螺旋管流动沸腾换热关联式进行了比较,在6 kW·m-2以下的低热通量时,Guo(1998)换热关联式比Ji(2015)预测准确度更高,推荐使用Guo(1998)关联式。
As natural refrigeration,propane will be alternative refrigerant in the future due to its good performance and its lack of impact on the environment.Currently,the study for flow boiling heat transfer of propane in helically coiled tube is few.This paper presents the experimental results of flow boiling heat transfer of propane in helically coiled tube.The internal diameter,helical diameter and helical pitch of helically coiled tube are 8 mm,42 mm,21.5 mm respectively and the outer tube is straight smooth tube.As warm fluid,water flows between outer tube and helically coiled tube.The heat flux can be adjusted by changing inlet temperature and flow meter of water.The heat transfer coefficients in experiment are compared to predictions from several boiling correlations both in straight tubes and helically coiled tubes in the literature.Comparison results show that helically coiled tubes have better heat transfer effect than straight tubes.The results also shows that when the heat flux is less than 6 kW·m-2,Guo's correlation shows higher accuracy than Ji's correlation.So Guo's correlation is recommended at low heat flux condition.
As natural refrigeration,propane will be alternative refrigerant in the future due to its good performance and its lack of impact on the environment.Currently,the study for flow boiling heat transfer of propane in helically coiled tube is few.This paper presents the experimental results of flow boiling heat transfer of propane in helically coiled tube.The internal diameter,helical diameter and helical pitch of helically coiled tube are 8 mm,42 mm,21.5 mm respectively and the outer tube is straight smooth tube.As warm fluid,water flows between outer tube and helically coiled tube.The heat flux can be adjusted by changing inlet temperature and flow meter of water.The heat transfer coefficients in experiment are compared to predictions from several boiling correlations both in straight tubes and helically coiled tubes in the literature.Comparison results show that helically coiled tubes have better heat transfer effect than straight tubes.The results also shows that when the heat flux is less than 6 kW·m-2,Guo's correlation shows higher accuracy than Ji's correlation.So Guo's correlation is recommended at low heat flux condition.
引文
[1]吴晓敏,魏兆福,莫少嘉,等.CO2/丙烷混合工质管内流动沸腾换热的数值模拟[J].工程热物理学报,2011,32(6):1019-1022.WU X M,WEI Z F,MO S J,et al.Numerical simulation on flow boiling heat transfer of CO2/propane mixture in tubes with/without micro-fins[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2011,32(6):1019-1022.
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[3]姜林林,柳建华,张良,等.水平微细管内CO2流动沸腾换热特性[J].化工学报,2018,69(4):1428-1436.JIANG L L,LIU J H,ZHANG L,et al.Flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in horizontal micro-tube[J].CIESC Journal,2018,69(4):1428-1436.
[4]赵然,吴晓敏,黄秀杰.微细通道中R32流动沸腾换热的数值模拟[J].化工学报,2016,67(S1):33-39.ZHAO R,WU X M,HUANG X J.Numerical simulation on flow boiling heat transfer of R32 in micro/mini-channels[J].CIESCJournal,2016,67(S1):33-39.
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[6]彭浩,丁国良,姜未汀,等.纳米制冷剂管内流动沸腾换热特性[J].化工学报,2008,59(S2):70-75.PENG H,DING G L,JIANG W T,et al.Heat transfer characteristics of nanorefrigerant flow boiling inside tube[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(S2):70-75.
[7]毕胜山,史琳.纳米制冷剂TiO2/HFC134a水平管内流动沸腾换热实验研究[J].化工学报,2008,59(S2):104-108.BI S S,SHI L.Flow boiling heat transfer of nano-refrigerant TiO2/HFC134a mixtures in a horizontal tube[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(S2):104-108.
[8]段雪涛,马虎根,邬志敏,等.R410A的流动沸腾换热[J].化工学报,2006,57(10):2289-2292.DUAN X T,MA H G,WU Z M,et al.Convective boiling heat transfer of R410A[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2006,57(10):2289-2292.
[9]FEMANDO P,PALM B,AMEEL T,et al.A minichannel aluminum tube heat exchanger(II):Evaporator performance with propane[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2008,31(4):681-695.
[10]THOME J R,CHENG L,RIBATSKI G,et al.Flow boiling of ammonia and hydrocarbons:a state-of-the-art review[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2008,31(4):603-620.
[11]CHOI K L,PAMITRAN A S,OH J T,et al.Pressure drop and heat transfer during two-phase flow vaporization of propane in horizontal smooth minichannels[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2009,32(5):837-845.
[12]陈高飞,公茂琼,邹鑫,等.乙烷/丙烷混合工质流动沸腾传热研究[J].工程热物理学报,2011,32(9):1454-1456.CHEN G F,GONG M Q,ZOU X,et al.Study of flow boiling heat transfer of ethane/propane mixtures[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2011,32(9):1454-1456.
[13]吴晓敏,赵然,魏兆福,等.CO2/丙烷混合工质水平管内流动沸腾换热特性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(4):706-709.WU X M,ZHAO R,WEI Z F,et al.Experimental studies on flow boiling heat transfer of R744/R290 mixtures in a horizontal tube[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(4):706-709.
[14]WANG S,GONG M Q,CHEN G F,et al.Two-phase heat transfer and pressure drop of propane during saturated flow boiling inside a horizontal tube[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,41(5):200-209.
[15]王志奇,夏小霞,杨召,等.水平管内制冷剂沸腾传热特性的数值模拟[J].工业加热,2015,44(1):32-34.WANG Z Q,XIA X X,YANG Z,et al.Numerical simulation on boiling heat transfer of refrigerant inside horizontal tube[J].Industrial Heating,2015,44(1):32-34.
[16]陈双双,纪馨,林文胜.中间流体气化器丙烷相变换热实验[J].化工学报,2015,66(S2):192-197.CHEN S S,JI X,LIN W S.Experiments on phase-change heat transfer of propane intermediate fluid vaporizer[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(S2):192-197.
[17]YANG G C,HU H T,DING G L,et al.Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of two-phase propane flow condensation in shell side of helically baffled shell-and-tube condenser[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2018,88:58-66.
[18]LIU Z,WINTERTON R H S.A general correlation for saturated and subcooled flow boiling in tubes and annuli,based on a nucleate pool boiling correlation[J].Heat and Mass Transfer,1991,34:2759-2766.
[19]CHEN J C.A correlation for boiling heat transfer to saturated fluids in convective flow[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development,1966,5(3):157-239.
[20]COOPER M G.Saturation nucleate boiling-A simple correlation[C]//1st U.K.National Conference on Heat Transfer.1984,2(86):785-793.
[21]GUNGOR K E,WINTERTON R H S.A general correlation for flow boiling in tubes and annuli[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,1986,29(3):351-358.
[22]张小艳,姜芳芳.螺旋管换热技术的研究现状综述[J].制冷与空调,2014,(1):75-80.ZHANG X Y,JIANG F F.Present Situation of the technical research on spiral tube[J].Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,2014,(1):75-80.
[23]白博峰,郭烈锦.卧式螺旋管内流动沸腾传热研究[J].核科学与工程,1997,(4):302-308.BAI B F,GUO L J.Study on convective boiling heat transfer in horizontal helically coiled tubes[J].Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering,1997,(4):302-308.
[24]崔文智,廖全,辛明道.R134a在螺旋管内的流动沸腾传热[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(4):118-121.CUI W Z,LIAO Q,XIN M D.Flow boiling heat transfer of R134a in a helical coiled tube[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2001,24(4):118-121.
[25]CUI W Z,LI L J,XIN M D,et al.A heat transfer correlation of flow boiling in micro-finned helically coiled tube[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2005,49(17):2851-2858.
[26]GUO L J,ZHANG X M,FENG Z P,et al.Forced convection boiling heat transfer and dryout characteristics in helical coiled tubes with various axial angles[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,1998,6(4):383-391.
[27]JI C L,HAN J T,LIU X P,et al.A new heat transfer correlation for flow boiling in helically coiled tubes[J].Journal of Southeast University,2015,31(3):380-383.
[28]邵莉,刘利民,苑伟,等.R134a卧式螺旋管内沸腾两相流型与传热特性实验研究[J].原子能科学技术,2013,47(3):391-396.SHAO L,LIU L M,YUAN W,et al.Study on two-phase flow boiling patterns and heat transfer of R134a in horizontal helically-coiled pipe[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2013,47(3):391-396.
[29]LAZAREK G M,BLACK S H.Evaporative heat transfer,pressure drop and critical heat flux in a small vertical tube with R-113[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1982,25(7):945-960.
[30]TRAN T N,WAMBSGANSS M W,FRANCE D M.Small circular and rectangular-channel boiling with two refrigerants[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1996,22(3):485-498.
[31]MALEK A,COLIN R.Ebullition de l'ammoniac en tube long.Transfert de chaleur et pertes de charges en tubes vertical et horizontal[C]//Centre Technique des Industries Mecanniques.Senlis France,1983 CETIM-14-011,1-65.
[2]LIU N,XIAO H,LI J M.Experimental investigation of condensation heat transfer and pressure drop of propane,R1234ze(E)and R22 in minichannels[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,102:63-72.
[3]姜林林,柳建华,张良,等.水平微细管内CO2流动沸腾换热特性[J].化工学报,2018,69(4):1428-1436.JIANG L L,LIU J H,ZHANG L,et al.Flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in horizontal micro-tube[J].CIESC Journal,2018,69(4):1428-1436.
[4]赵然,吴晓敏,黄秀杰.微细通道中R32流动沸腾换热的数值模拟[J].化工学报,2016,67(S1):33-39.ZHAO R,WU X M,HUANG X J.Numerical simulation on flow boiling heat transfer of R32 in micro/mini-channels[J].CIESCJournal,2016,67(S1):33-39.
[5]邱金友,张华,余晓明,等.新型制冷剂R1234ze(E)水平圆管内流动沸腾换热特性[J].化工学报,2016,67(6):2255-2262.QIU J Y,ZHANG H,YU X M,et al.Flow boiling heat transfer characteristic of refrigerant R1234ze(E)in horizontal circular tube[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(6):2255-2262.
[6]彭浩,丁国良,姜未汀,等.纳米制冷剂管内流动沸腾换热特性[J].化工学报,2008,59(S2):70-75.PENG H,DING G L,JIANG W T,et al.Heat transfer characteristics of nanorefrigerant flow boiling inside tube[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(S2):70-75.
[7]毕胜山,史琳.纳米制冷剂TiO2/HFC134a水平管内流动沸腾换热实验研究[J].化工学报,2008,59(S2):104-108.BI S S,SHI L.Flow boiling heat transfer of nano-refrigerant TiO2/HFC134a mixtures in a horizontal tube[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(S2):104-108.
[8]段雪涛,马虎根,邬志敏,等.R410A的流动沸腾换热[J].化工学报,2006,57(10):2289-2292.DUAN X T,MA H G,WU Z M,et al.Convective boiling heat transfer of R410A[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2006,57(10):2289-2292.
[9]FEMANDO P,PALM B,AMEEL T,et al.A minichannel aluminum tube heat exchanger(II):Evaporator performance with propane[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2008,31(4):681-695.
[10]THOME J R,CHENG L,RIBATSKI G,et al.Flow boiling of ammonia and hydrocarbons:a state-of-the-art review[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2008,31(4):603-620.
[11]CHOI K L,PAMITRAN A S,OH J T,et al.Pressure drop and heat transfer during two-phase flow vaporization of propane in horizontal smooth minichannels[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2009,32(5):837-845.
[12]陈高飞,公茂琼,邹鑫,等.乙烷/丙烷混合工质流动沸腾传热研究[J].工程热物理学报,2011,32(9):1454-1456.CHEN G F,GONG M Q,ZOU X,et al.Study of flow boiling heat transfer of ethane/propane mixtures[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2011,32(9):1454-1456.
[13]吴晓敏,赵然,魏兆福,等.CO2/丙烷混合工质水平管内流动沸腾换热特性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(4):706-709.WU X M,ZHAO R,WEI Z F,et al.Experimental studies on flow boiling heat transfer of R744/R290 mixtures in a horizontal tube[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(4):706-709.
[14]WANG S,GONG M Q,CHEN G F,et al.Two-phase heat transfer and pressure drop of propane during saturated flow boiling inside a horizontal tube[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,41(5):200-209.
[15]王志奇,夏小霞,杨召,等.水平管内制冷剂沸腾传热特性的数值模拟[J].工业加热,2015,44(1):32-34.WANG Z Q,XIA X X,YANG Z,et al.Numerical simulation on boiling heat transfer of refrigerant inside horizontal tube[J].Industrial Heating,2015,44(1):32-34.
[16]陈双双,纪馨,林文胜.中间流体气化器丙烷相变换热实验[J].化工学报,2015,66(S2):192-197.CHEN S S,JI X,LIN W S.Experiments on phase-change heat transfer of propane intermediate fluid vaporizer[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(S2):192-197.
[17]YANG G C,HU H T,DING G L,et al.Experimental investigation on heat transfer characteristics of two-phase propane flow condensation in shell side of helically baffled shell-and-tube condenser[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2018,88:58-66.
[18]LIU Z,WINTERTON R H S.A general correlation for saturated and subcooled flow boiling in tubes and annuli,based on a nucleate pool boiling correlation[J].Heat and Mass Transfer,1991,34:2759-2766.
[19]CHEN J C.A correlation for boiling heat transfer to saturated fluids in convective flow[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development,1966,5(3):157-239.
[20]COOPER M G.Saturation nucleate boiling-A simple correlation[C]//1st U.K.National Conference on Heat Transfer.1984,2(86):785-793.
[21]GUNGOR K E,WINTERTON R H S.A general correlation for flow boiling in tubes and annuli[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,1986,29(3):351-358.
[22]张小艳,姜芳芳.螺旋管换热技术的研究现状综述[J].制冷与空调,2014,(1):75-80.ZHANG X Y,JIANG F F.Present Situation of the technical research on spiral tube[J].Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,2014,(1):75-80.
[23]白博峰,郭烈锦.卧式螺旋管内流动沸腾传热研究[J].核科学与工程,1997,(4):302-308.BAI B F,GUO L J.Study on convective boiling heat transfer in horizontal helically coiled tubes[J].Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering,1997,(4):302-308.
[24]崔文智,廖全,辛明道.R134a在螺旋管内的流动沸腾传热[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(4):118-121.CUI W Z,LIAO Q,XIN M D.Flow boiling heat transfer of R134a in a helical coiled tube[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2001,24(4):118-121.
[25]CUI W Z,LI L J,XIN M D,et al.A heat transfer correlation of flow boiling in micro-finned helically coiled tube[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2005,49(17):2851-2858.
[26]GUO L J,ZHANG X M,FENG Z P,et al.Forced convection boiling heat transfer and dryout characteristics in helical coiled tubes with various axial angles[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,1998,6(4):383-391.
[27]JI C L,HAN J T,LIU X P,et al.A new heat transfer correlation for flow boiling in helically coiled tubes[J].Journal of Southeast University,2015,31(3):380-383.
[28]邵莉,刘利民,苑伟,等.R134a卧式螺旋管内沸腾两相流型与传热特性实验研究[J].原子能科学技术,2013,47(3):391-396.SHAO L,LIU L M,YUAN W,et al.Study on two-phase flow boiling patterns and heat transfer of R134a in horizontal helically-coiled pipe[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2013,47(3):391-396.
[29]LAZAREK G M,BLACK S H.Evaporative heat transfer,pressure drop and critical heat flux in a small vertical tube with R-113[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,1982,25(7):945-960.
[30]TRAN T N,WAMBSGANSS M W,FRANCE D M.Small circular and rectangular-channel boiling with two refrigerants[J].International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1996,22(3):485-498.
[31]MALEK A,COLIN R.Ebullition de l'ammoniac en tube long.Transfert de chaleur et pertes de charges en tubes vertical et horizontal[C]//Centre Technique des Industries Mecanniques.Senlis France,1983 CETIM-14-011,1-65.
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