颗粒尺寸及表面处理对氮化硼/环氧树脂复合材料介电特性的影响
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摘要
为研究氮化硼(BN)/环氧树脂复合材料的介电特性,在环氧树脂中分别添加不同质量分数的微米BN、未处理纳米BN和表面处理纳米BN制备BN/环氧树脂复合材料,并对其进行微观分析、介电频谱和介电温谱实验,研究BN质量分数、BN粒径和偶联剂表面处理对环氧树脂复合材料介电特性的影响。结果表明:复合材料的介电常数、介质损耗和电导率比纯环氧树脂有所降低;未处理纳米BN/环氧树脂复合材料和微米BN/环氧树脂复合材料的介电常数随BN质量分数的增加而减小;表面处理纳米BN/环氧树脂复合材料的介电常数随BN质量分数的增加而增大;纯环氧树脂和BN/环氧树脂复合材料的介电常数在10～110℃随温度升高呈上升趋势;纯环氧树脂和BN/环氧树脂复合材料的介质损耗在50～110℃随温度升高而增加,且增加幅度较大。
In order to research the dielectric properties of boron nitride(BN)/epoxy resin(EP) composites, three BN/EP composites were prepared by adding micro-BN, untreated nano-BN, and surface treated nano-BN particles into epoxy resin, respectively. The influences of mass fraction and particle size of BN and surface treatment on the dielectric properties of the BN/EP composites were studied by microscope analysis, dielectric frequency spectra and dielectric temperature spectra test. The results show that the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and conductivity of the composites are lower than of pure EP.With the increase of BN content, the dielectric constant of the untreated nano-BN/EP composite and micro-BN/EP composite decreases, while the dielectric constant of the surface treated nano-BN/EP composite increases. The dielectric constant of the pure EP and BN/EP composites increases with the increase of temperature at 10～110 ℃, and their dielectric loss factor increases greatly with the increase of temperature at 50～110 ℃.
In order to research the dielectric properties of boron nitride(BN)/epoxy resin(EP) composites, three BN/EP composites were prepared by adding micro-BN, untreated nano-BN, and surface treated nano-BN particles into epoxy resin, respectively. The influences of mass fraction and particle size of BN and surface treatment on the dielectric properties of the BN/EP composites were studied by microscope analysis, dielectric frequency spectra and dielectric temperature spectra test. The results show that the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and conductivity of the composites are lower than of pure EP.With the increase of BN content, the dielectric constant of the untreated nano-BN/EP composite and micro-BN/EP composite decreases, while the dielectric constant of the surface treated nano-BN/EP composite increases. The dielectric constant of the pure EP and BN/EP composites increases with the increase of temperature at 10～110 ℃, and their dielectric loss factor increases greatly with the increase of temperature at 50～110 ℃.
引文
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[21]田付强,杨春,何丽娟,等.聚合物/无机纳米复合电介质介电性能及其机理最新研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(3):1-12.
[22]余燕飞,党智敏,徐海萍.钛酸钡/环氧树脂复合材料的制备及其介电性能的研究[J].功能材料,2007,38(9):1478-1480.
[23]龚瑾,李喆.氮化硼/环氧树脂复合材料空间电荷与击穿特性实验研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(6):20-27.
[24]廖瑞金,郭沛,周年荣,等.水分和老化对油浸绝缘纸温度介电谱和活化能的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1407-1415.
[25]沙彦超,周远翔,张灵,等.油纸绝缘在直流局部放电发展不同阶段中介电特性变化规律[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):868-877.
[26]陈季丹,刘子玉.电介质物理学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988.
[2]党智敏,王海燕,彭勃,等.高介电常数的聚合物基纳米复合电介质材料[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(15):100-104.
[3]薛玉翠.聚酰亚胺—无机纳米复合薄膜介电性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2009.
[4]刘源.纳米Al2O3(AlN)/LDPE复合材料介电性能研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2011.
[5]陈炯.聚合物纳米复合材料微观结构对其电荷输运的影响[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.
[6] DU B X, XIAO M, CHENG L. Effects of BN particles on surface charge of magnet wire insulation for wind power generation[C]//IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies. Tianjin, China:IEEE,2012.
[7]柏舸,廖瑞金,刘娜,等.纳米氮化铝改性对芳纶1313绝缘纸介电特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2015,41(2):461-467.
[8]徐曼,冯军强,曹晓珑.纳米银-环氧树脂复合电介质的介电特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(4):117-122.
[9]吴广宁,王晓剑,李先浪,等.有机酸对油纸绝缘热老化及频域介电谱特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1424-1432.
[10]钟琼霞,兰莉,吴建东,等.不同表面处理剂对纳米MgO/LDPE空间电荷行为的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2668-2677.
[11] AWANG N A, ARIEF Y Z, YAHYA S, et al.Experimental investigation on partial discharge characteristics of epoxy-nanocomposite as high voltage insulation material[C]//2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy. Kuching,Malaysia:IEEE,2014.
[12] DU B X, XIAO M, LI X L, et al. Effect of thermal conductivity on tracking failure of epoxy/BN composite under pulse strength[C]//2013 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics. Bologna,Italy:IEEE,2013.
[13] DU B X, XIAO M. Influence of surface charge on DC flashover characteristics of epoxy/BN nanocomposites[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(2):529-536.
[14] HEID T F, FREEBODY N, FRECHETTE M F, et al.Dielectric properties of epoxy/BN micro-and meso-composites:Dielectric response at low and high electrical field strengths[C]//2013 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference. Ottawa, Canada:IEEE,2013.
[15] KOCHETOV R, ANDRITSCH T, MORSHUIS P H F, et al. Effect of filler size on complex permittivity and thermal conductivity of epoxy-based composites filled with BN particles[C]//2010 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. West Lafayette, USA:IEEE,2011.
[16]晁芬,王金合,张增平,等.环氧树脂基介电复合材料的制备和性能研究[J].中国胶粘剂,2008,17(9):10-13.
[17] TANAKA T, KOZAKO M, FUSE N, et al. Proposal of a multi-core model for polymer nanocomposite dielectrics[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2005,12(4):669-681.
[18]胡海兵,李鸿岩,刘斌.纳米填料对聚合物介电性能的影响[J].绝缘材料,2006,39(5):36-39.
[19]查俊伟,党智敏.无机纳米/聚酰亚胺复合杂化膜的绝缘特性研究[J].绝缘材料,2008,41(6):4-7.
[20]赵航,查俊伟,周涛,等.硅烷偶联剂对介电弹性体复合材料电-机转化敏感度的影响[J].绝缘材料,2012,45(5):1-4.
[21]田付强,杨春,何丽娟,等.聚合物/无机纳米复合电介质介电性能及其机理最新研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(3):1-12.
[22]余燕飞,党智敏,徐海萍.钛酸钡/环氧树脂复合材料的制备及其介电性能的研究[J].功能材料,2007,38(9):1478-1480.
[23]龚瑾,李喆.氮化硼/环氧树脂复合材料空间电荷与击穿特性实验研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(6):20-27.
[24]廖瑞金,郭沛,周年荣,等.水分和老化对油浸绝缘纸温度介电谱和活化能的影响[J].高电压技术,2014,40(5):1407-1415.
[25]沙彦超,周远翔,张灵,等.油纸绝缘在直流局部放电发展不同阶段中介电特性变化规律[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):868-877.
[26]陈季丹,刘子玉.电介质物理学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988.
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