基于Ka波段毫米波云雷达资料对水凝物相态的识别研究
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摘要
利用不同水凝物相态下反射率因子、多普勒径向速度、谱宽、线性退偏比等云雷达探测参量以及温度的阈值,采用不对称的T型成员函数,建立了识别水凝物相态的模糊逻辑算法,可识别的水凝物类型包括雪花、冰晶、混合相态、液态云滴、毛毛雨滴、雨滴。利用分级逐库订正法衰减订正后的Ka波段双偏振雷达探测数据和ECMWF再分析资料温度廓线数据对水凝物相态进行了识别研究。结果表明,识别出的水凝物相态结果基本合理,反映出了空中水凝物相态的演变过程,可进一步应用于降水微物理过程研究和人工影响降水应用研究。
This paper uses the reflectivity factor, Doppler radial velocity, spectral width, linear deviation ratio and other cloud radar detection parameters and temperature thresholds in different water condensate phases, and asymmetric T-member function to establish the fuzzy logic algorithm for identification of water condensation. The identifiable types of water condensate include snowflake, ice crystal, mixed phase, liquid cloud droplet, drizzle, raindrop. This paper uses the Ka-band dual-polarized radar detection data after attenuation correction by hierarchical bin-by-bin algorithm and the ECMWF reanalysis data temperature profile data to identify the phases of the water condensate. The results show that the identified phase results of water condensate are basically reasonable, reflecting the evolution process of the phase state of air condensate, which can be further applied to the study of precipitation microphysical processes and applications of artificial influence on precipitation.
This paper uses the reflectivity factor, Doppler radial velocity, spectral width, linear deviation ratio and other cloud radar detection parameters and temperature thresholds in different water condensate phases, and asymmetric T-member function to establish the fuzzy logic algorithm for identification of water condensation. The identifiable types of water condensate include snowflake, ice crystal, mixed phase, liquid cloud droplet, drizzle, raindrop. This paper uses the Ka-band dual-polarized radar detection data after attenuation correction by hierarchical bin-by-bin algorithm and the ECMWF reanalysis data temperature profile data to identify the phases of the water condensate. The results show that the identified phase results of water condensate are basically reasonable, reflecting the evolution process of the phase state of air condensate, which can be further applied to the study of precipitation microphysical processes and applications of artificial influence on precipitation.
引文
[1] 程周杰, 刘宪勋, 朱亚平. 双偏振雷达对一次水凝物相态演变过程的分析. 应用气象学报, 2009, 20(5): 594-601.CHENG Zhoujie, LIU Xianxun, ZHU Yaping. A process of hydrometeor phase change with dual-polarimetric radar. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 2009, 20(5): 594-601.
[2] 刘黎平, 张鸿发, 王致君, 等. 利用双线偏振雷达识别冰雹区方法初探. 高原气象, 1993, 12(3): 333-337.LIU Liping, ZHANG Hongfa, WANG Zhijun, et al. Preliminary research for method of hail detection with C Band dual linear polarization radar. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 1993, 12(3): 333-337.
[3] Shupe M D. A ground-based multisensor cloud phase classifier. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2007, 34(22): L22809.
[4] Riihimaki L D, Comstock J M, Luke E, et al. A case study of microphysical structures and hydrometeor phase in convection using radar Doppler spectra at Darwin, Australia. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2017, 44(4): 7519-7527.
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[6] 彭亮, 陈洪滨, 李柏. 模糊逻辑法在3 mm云雷达反演云中水凝物粒子相态中的应用. 遥感技术与应用, 2011, 26(5): 655-663.PENG Liang, CHEN Hongbin, LI Bai. An application of fuzzy logic method to cloud hydrometeor classifications using the ARM WACR data. Remote Sensing Technology and Application (in Chinese), 2011, 26(5): 655-663.
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[8] 严卫, 任建奇, 陆文, 等. 联合星载毫米波雷达和激光雷达资料的云相态识别技术. 红外与毫米波学报, 2011, 30(1): 68-73.YAN Wei, REN Jianqi, LU Wen, et al. Cloud phase discrimination technology based on spaceborne millimeter wave radar and lidar data. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (in Chinese), 2011, 30(1): 68-73.
[9] 吴欢, 黄兴友. X波段双线偏振雷达回波强度衰减和地物回波识别订正. 气象科学, 2014, 34(1): 32-38.WU Huan, HUANG Xingyou. Schemes for attenuation correction of radar reflectivity factor, ground clutter discrimination and compensation of a X-band dual-polarization radar. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences (in Chinese), 2014, 34(1): 32-38.
[10] 黄兴友, 樊雅文, 李峰, 等. 地基35 GHz测云雷达回波强度的衰减订正研究. 红外与毫米波学报, 2013, 32(4): 325-330.HUNAG Xingyou, FAN Yawen, LI Feng, et al. The attenuation correction for a 35 GHz ground-based cloud radar. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (in Chinese), 2013, 32(4): 325-330.
[11] 张培昌, 王振会. 天气雷达回波衰减订正算法的研究(Ⅰ): 理论分析. 高原气象, 2001, 20(1): 1-5.ZHANG Peichang, WANG Zhenhui. A study on algorithm to make attenuation correction to radar observations of radar reflectivity factor (Ⅰ): theoretical analysis. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 2001, 20(1): 1-5.
[12] 樊雅文. 云雷达资料订正及应用研究[硕士论文]. 南京: 南京信息工程大学, 2012.FAN Yawen. The correction and application studying of cloud radar data[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (in Chinese), 2012.
[13] 曹俊武, 刘黎平, 葛润生. 模糊逻辑法在双线偏振雷达识别降水粒子相态中的研究. 大气科学, 2005, 29(5): 827-836.CAO Junwu, LIU Liping, GE Runsheng. A study of fuzzy logic method in classification of hydrometeors based on polarimetric radar measurement. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 2005, 29(5): 827-836.
[14] 王德旺, 刘黎平, 宗蓉, 等. 基于模糊逻辑的大气云粒子相态反演和效果分析. 气象, 2015, 41(2): 171-181.WANG Dewang, LIU Liping, ZONG Rong, et al. Fuzzy logic method in retrieval atmospheric cloud particle phases and effect analysis. Meteorological Monthly (in Chinese), 2015, 41(2): 171-181.
[15] 盛裴轩, 毛节泰, 李建国, 等. 大气物理学. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2003.SHENG Peixuan, MAO Jietai, LI Jianguo, et al. Atmospheric physics. Beijing: Peking University Press (in Chinese), 2003.
[16] 张云, 雷恒池, 潘晓滨, 等. 一次梅雨锋上MCS云微物理过程及降水形成机制. 气象科学, 2009, 29(4): 434-446.ZHANG Yun, LEI Hengchi, PAN Xiaobin, et al. Study on cloud micro-physical processes and precipitation formative mechanisms of a mesoscale convective system in Meiyu front in June 2004. Scientia Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 2009, 29(4): 434-446.
[17] 吴举秀. 94 GHz毫米波云雷达测云能力研究与回波分析[博士论文]. 南京: 南京信息工程大学, 2014.WU Juxiu. Study on the detection ability and the echoes of 94GHz millimeter-wave cloud radars[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (in Chinese), 2014.
[18] 吴海英, 王啸华, 韩桂荣, 等. 一次降雪过程持续原因分析. 气象科学, 2013, 33(3): 308-315.WU Haiying, WANG Xiaohua, HAN Guirong, et al. Analysis on causes of a persistent snowfall process. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences (in Chinese), 2013, 33(3): 308-315.
[19] Harrington J Y, Reisin T, Cotton W R, et al. Cloud resolving simulations of Arctic stratus: Part II: transition-season clouds. Atmos. Res., 1999, 51(1): 45-75.
[2] 刘黎平, 张鸿发, 王致君, 等. 利用双线偏振雷达识别冰雹区方法初探. 高原气象, 1993, 12(3): 333-337.LIU Liping, ZHANG Hongfa, WANG Zhijun, et al. Preliminary research for method of hail detection with C Band dual linear polarization radar. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 1993, 12(3): 333-337.
[3] Shupe M D. A ground-based multisensor cloud phase classifier. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2007, 34(22): L22809.
[4] Riihimaki L D, Comstock J M, Luke E, et al. A case study of microphysical structures and hydrometeor phase in convection using radar Doppler spectra at Darwin, Australia. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2017, 44(4): 7519-7527.
[5] 何宇翔, 肖辉, 吕达仁. 利用极化雷达分析层状云中水凝物粒子性状分布. 大气科学, 2010, 34(1): 23-34.HE Yuxiang, XIAO Hui, Lü Daren. Analysis of hydrometeor distribution characteristics in stratiform clouds using polarization radar. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 2010, 34(1): 23-34.
[6] 彭亮, 陈洪滨, 李柏. 模糊逻辑法在3 mm云雷达反演云中水凝物粒子相态中的应用. 遥感技术与应用, 2011, 26(5): 655-663.PENG Liang, CHEN Hongbin, LI Bai. An application of fuzzy logic method to cloud hydrometeor classifications using the ARM WACR data. Remote Sensing Technology and Application (in Chinese), 2011, 26(5): 655-663.
[7] 彭亮, 陈洪滨, 李柏. 3 mm多普勒云雷达测量反演云内空气垂直速度的研究. 大气科学, 2012, 36(1): 1-10.PENG Liang, CHEN Hongbin, LI Bai. A case study of deriving vertical air Velocity from 3-mm cloud radar. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 2012, 36(1): 1-10.
[8] 严卫, 任建奇, 陆文, 等. 联合星载毫米波雷达和激光雷达资料的云相态识别技术. 红外与毫米波学报, 2011, 30(1): 68-73.YAN Wei, REN Jianqi, LU Wen, et al. Cloud phase discrimination technology based on spaceborne millimeter wave radar and lidar data. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (in Chinese), 2011, 30(1): 68-73.
[9] 吴欢, 黄兴友. X波段双线偏振雷达回波强度衰减和地物回波识别订正. 气象科学, 2014, 34(1): 32-38.WU Huan, HUANG Xingyou. Schemes for attenuation correction of radar reflectivity factor, ground clutter discrimination and compensation of a X-band dual-polarization radar. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences (in Chinese), 2014, 34(1): 32-38.
[10] 黄兴友, 樊雅文, 李峰, 等. 地基35 GHz测云雷达回波强度的衰减订正研究. 红外与毫米波学报, 2013, 32(4): 325-330.HUNAG Xingyou, FAN Yawen, LI Feng, et al. The attenuation correction for a 35 GHz ground-based cloud radar. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves (in Chinese), 2013, 32(4): 325-330.
[11] 张培昌, 王振会. 天气雷达回波衰减订正算法的研究(Ⅰ): 理论分析. 高原气象, 2001, 20(1): 1-5.ZHANG Peichang, WANG Zhenhui. A study on algorithm to make attenuation correction to radar observations of radar reflectivity factor (Ⅰ): theoretical analysis. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 2001, 20(1): 1-5.
[12] 樊雅文. 云雷达资料订正及应用研究[硕士论文]. 南京: 南京信息工程大学, 2012.FAN Yawen. The correction and application studying of cloud radar data[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (in Chinese), 2012.
[13] 曹俊武, 刘黎平, 葛润生. 模糊逻辑法在双线偏振雷达识别降水粒子相态中的研究. 大气科学, 2005, 29(5): 827-836.CAO Junwu, LIU Liping, GE Runsheng. A study of fuzzy logic method in classification of hydrometeors based on polarimetric radar measurement. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 2005, 29(5): 827-836.
[14] 王德旺, 刘黎平, 宗蓉, 等. 基于模糊逻辑的大气云粒子相态反演和效果分析. 气象, 2015, 41(2): 171-181.WANG Dewang, LIU Liping, ZONG Rong, et al. Fuzzy logic method in retrieval atmospheric cloud particle phases and effect analysis. Meteorological Monthly (in Chinese), 2015, 41(2): 171-181.
[15] 盛裴轩, 毛节泰, 李建国, 等. 大气物理学. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2003.SHENG Peixuan, MAO Jietai, LI Jianguo, et al. Atmospheric physics. Beijing: Peking University Press (in Chinese), 2003.
[16] 张云, 雷恒池, 潘晓滨, 等. 一次梅雨锋上MCS云微物理过程及降水形成机制. 气象科学, 2009, 29(4): 434-446.ZHANG Yun, LEI Hengchi, PAN Xiaobin, et al. Study on cloud micro-physical processes and precipitation formative mechanisms of a mesoscale convective system in Meiyu front in June 2004. Scientia Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 2009, 29(4): 434-446.
[17] 吴举秀. 94 GHz毫米波云雷达测云能力研究与回波分析[博士论文]. 南京: 南京信息工程大学, 2014.WU Juxiu. Study on the detection ability and the echoes of 94GHz millimeter-wave cloud radars[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (in Chinese), 2014.
[18] 吴海英, 王啸华, 韩桂荣, 等. 一次降雪过程持续原因分析. 气象科学, 2013, 33(3): 308-315.WU Haiying, WANG Xiaohua, HAN Guirong, et al. Analysis on causes of a persistent snowfall process. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences (in Chinese), 2013, 33(3): 308-315.
[19] Harrington J Y, Reisin T, Cotton W R, et al. Cloud resolving simulations of Arctic stratus: Part II: transition-season clouds. Atmos. Res., 1999, 51(1): 45-75.