2%戊二醛消毒剂对石膏模型尺寸稳定性和力学性能的影响
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摘要
目的研究2%戊二醛消毒剂对Ⅳ型石膏模型性能的影响,结合扫描电镜(SEM)分析模型断面形貌特征,为消毒剂调和消毒法的临床应用提供依据。方法用蒸馏水和2%戊二醛消毒剂分别调制Ⅳ型石膏模型,检测模型24 h尺寸变化和表面硬度、1 h和2 h压缩强度及1 h和2 h弯曲强度值,数据用SPSS 20.0进行两独立样本的t检验比较分析,并用SEM观察石膏断面形貌。结果模型尺寸变化最小值和最大值分别见于2%戊二醛组OH值0.0006%和OO′值为0.1290%,2%戊二醛和蒸馏水分别调制的Ⅳ型石膏模型的三维尺寸变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。石膏样本的表面硬度最大值见于蒸馏水组(68.30 N/mm~2),最小值见于2%戊二醛组(58.20 N/mm~2),两组间表面努氏硬度值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。最小压缩强度值32.00 MPa和最小弯曲强度值7.42 N/mm~2见于2%戊二醛1 h组,蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛1 h组间的压缩强度值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛2 h组的压缩强度值差异无统计学意义;蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛1 h组间的弯曲强度值差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),蒸馏水1 h组与2%戊二醛2 h组的弯曲强度值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2%戊二醛1 h样本断面电镜图可见明显短小晶体相对整齐的聚集;2%戊二醛2 h样本晶体呈似蒸馏水1 h组的板状晶体交错排列。结论 2%戊二醛消毒剂调和法对Ⅳ型石膏模型尺寸稳定性和表面硬度无影响。2%戊二醛调和消毒Ⅳ型石膏模型的1 h压缩强度和1 h弯曲强度降低,其2 h压缩强度和2 h弯曲强度升高,达到牙科模型要求。
Objective To evaluate the effect of 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant on properties of Ⅳtype gypsum model,and the morphological characteristics of the fractured surfaces of gypsum samples were observed by scanning electronic microscope(SEM),which provided the basis for the clinical application of disinfectant blending method. Methods Type Ⅳ gypsum models were made by type Ⅳ gypsum mixed with distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde,respectively. At 24 hours after the mixture of type Ⅳ gypsum,samples were measured to calculate their dimensional change,and the Knoop hardness of the sample surface was tested. The compressive strength and bending strength of models at one and two hours were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed with t-test of two independent samples(SPSS 20.0). The morphology of the fractured surfaces was observed by SEM. Results The minimum and the maximum values of model size change were OH 0.0006% and OO′ 0.1290% in the 2% glutaraldehyde group,respectively. The maximum surface hardness of gypsum samples was 68.30 N/mm~2 in the distilled water group,and the minimum value was 58.20 N/mm~2 in the 2% glutaraldehyde group. There was no significant difference in dimensional changes and surface hardness between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde(P>0.05). The minimum compressive strength(32.00 MPa)and bending strength(7.42 N/mm~2)were found in the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at1 h. There was significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of glutaraldehyde at 2 h(P>0.05). There was significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 2 h(P>0.05). SEM of the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h showed a relatively neat aggregation of short crystals.Crystals of the distilled water group and the 2% glutaraldehyde group at 2 h showed the same plate-like crystals which were staggered similarly. Conclusions There are no effects of 2% glutaraldehyde on the24 h dimensional stability and surface hardness of type Ⅳ gypsum. The Ⅳ gypsum mixed with 2%glutaraldehyde had reduced compressive strength and bending strength at 1 h,while its bending strength and compressive strength at 2 h increased to meet the mechanical requirements of dental model. It is recommended that the demoulding time should be two hours after gypsum mixed with 2% glutaraldehyde.
Objective To evaluate the effect of 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant on properties of Ⅳtype gypsum model,and the morphological characteristics of the fractured surfaces of gypsum samples were observed by scanning electronic microscope(SEM),which provided the basis for the clinical application of disinfectant blending method. Methods Type Ⅳ gypsum models were made by type Ⅳ gypsum mixed with distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde,respectively. At 24 hours after the mixture of type Ⅳ gypsum,samples were measured to calculate their dimensional change,and the Knoop hardness of the sample surface was tested. The compressive strength and bending strength of models at one and two hours were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed with t-test of two independent samples(SPSS 20.0). The morphology of the fractured surfaces was observed by SEM. Results The minimum and the maximum values of model size change were OH 0.0006% and OO′ 0.1290% in the 2% glutaraldehyde group,respectively. The maximum surface hardness of gypsum samples was 68.30 N/mm~2 in the distilled water group,and the minimum value was 58.20 N/mm~2 in the 2% glutaraldehyde group. There was no significant difference in dimensional changes and surface hardness between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde(P>0.05). The minimum compressive strength(32.00 MPa)and bending strength(7.42 N/mm~2)were found in the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at1 h. There was significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in compression strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of glutaraldehyde at 2 h(P>0.05). There was significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water and 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in bending strength between the group of distilled water at 1 h and the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 2 h(P>0.05). SEM of the group of 2% glutaraldehyde at 1 h showed a relatively neat aggregation of short crystals.Crystals of the distilled water group and the 2% glutaraldehyde group at 2 h showed the same plate-like crystals which were staggered similarly. Conclusions There are no effects of 2% glutaraldehyde on the24 h dimensional stability and surface hardness of type Ⅳ gypsum. The Ⅳ gypsum mixed with 2%glutaraldehyde had reduced compressive strength and bending strength at 1 h,while its bending strength and compressive strength at 2 h increased to meet the mechanical requirements of dental model. It is recommended that the demoulding time should be two hours after gypsum mixed with 2% glutaraldehyde.
引文
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[20]Naji SA,Behroozibakhsh M,Jafarzadeh Kashi TS,et al.Effects of incorporation of 2.5 and 5 wt%TiO2nanotubes on fracture toughness,flexural strength,and microhardness of denture base poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA)[J].J Adv Prosthodont,2018,10(2):113-121.DOI:10.4047/jap.2018.10.2.113.
[21]Sonmez N,Gultekin P,Turp V,et al.Evaluation of five CAD/CAMmaterials by microstructural characterization and mechanical tests:a comparative in vitro study[J].BMC Oral Health,2018,18(1):5.DOI:10.1186/s12903-017-0458-2.
[22]谢文强,王洁琪,郑美华,等.不同构建方向激光选区融化钛合金卡环的疲劳性能研究及有限元应力分析[J/CD].中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版),2018,12(5):271-277.DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.05.002.
[2]Moslehifard E,Lotfipour F,Anaraki MR,et al.Efficacy of Disinfection of Dental Stone Casts:Virkon versus Sodium Hypochlorite[J].J Dent(Tehran),2015,12(3):206-215.
[3]于明红,韩晓鹏,吕丽华.种植石膏工作模型消毒方法的比较研究[J].中国口腔种植学杂志,2017,22(01):22-24.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3957.2017.01.007.
[4]林姬艳,严静静,徐英娜,等.戊二醛消毒液灌注石膏模型的精确性研究[J].口腔颌面修复学杂志,2015,16(4):225-227.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-3761.2015.04.008.
[5]Pereira Rde P,Lucas MG,Spolidorio DM,et al.Antimicrobial activity of disinfectant agents incorporated into typeⅣdental stone[J].Gerodontology,2012,29(2):e267-e274.DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00462.x.
[6]郭世莉,黄跃,郭玲,等.真空搅拌机调拌有效氯水溶液和石膏粉制备石膏模型的消毒效果及形变影响观察术[J].中国现代医学杂志,2016,26(16):95-100.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-8982.2016.16.020.
[7]Tjan AH,Nemetz H,Nguyen LT,et al.Effect of tray space on the accuracy of monophasic polyvinylsiloxane impressions[J].JProsthet Dent,1992,68(1):19-28.DOI:10.1016/0022-3913(92)90278-I.
[8]王美青.口腔解剖生理学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014.
[9]赵信仪.口腔材料学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2015.
[10]全国钢标准化技术委员会会.GB/T 18449.1-2001金属努氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.
[11]全国口腔材料和器械设备标准化技术委员会.YY0462-2003牙科石膏产品[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[12]He LH,van Vuuren LJ,Planitz N,et al.A micro-mechanical evaluation of the effects of die hardener on die stone[J].Dent Mater J,2010,29(4):433-437.DOI:10.4012/dmj.2009-094.
[13]刘冠花,马昕,余占海,等.调合法消毒对超硬石膏模型的强度和精度的影响[J].第四军医大学学报,2009,30(21):2444-2446.
[14]Lei Dong-hui,Yang Jian-jun,An Shi-chang,et al.Comparisons of dimensional accuracy and bending resistance among four kinds of super-hard plaster casts[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011,15(21):3979-3982.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.21.043.
[15]Deepthi V,Mallikarjun E,Nagesh B,et al.Effect of acidic pH on microhardness and microstructure of theraCal LC,endosequence,mineral trioxide aggregate,and biodentine when used as root repair material[J].J Conserv Dent,2018,21(4):408-412.DOI:10.4103/JCD.JCD_308_17.
[16]Yahui Pan,Xiaodong Xu,Fangfang Sun,et al.Surface morphology and mechanical properties of conventional and selfadhesive resin cements after aqueous aging[J].J Appl Oral Sci,2019(27):e20170449.DOI:10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0449.
[17]Sudhakar A,Srivatsa G,Shetty R,et al.Evaluation of the Various Drying Methods on Surface Hardness of TypeⅣDental Stone[J].J Int Oral Health,2015,7(6):103-106.
[18]Abdelaziz KM,Combe EC,Hodges JS.The effect of disinfectants on the properties of dental gypsum:1.Mechanical properties[J].J Prosthodont,2002,11(3):161-167.DOI:10.1053/jopr.2002.126860.
[19]Soares CR,Ueti M.Influence of different methods of chemical disinfection on the physical properties of typeⅣandⅤgypsum dies[J].Pesqui Odontol Bras,2001,15(4):334-340.DOI:10.1590/S1517-74912001000400011.
[20]Naji SA,Behroozibakhsh M,Jafarzadeh Kashi TS,et al.Effects of incorporation of 2.5 and 5 wt%TiO2nanotubes on fracture toughness,flexural strength,and microhardness of denture base poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA)[J].J Adv Prosthodont,2018,10(2):113-121.DOI:10.4047/jap.2018.10.2.113.
[21]Sonmez N,Gultekin P,Turp V,et al.Evaluation of five CAD/CAMmaterials by microstructural characterization and mechanical tests:a comparative in vitro study[J].BMC Oral Health,2018,18(1):5.DOI:10.1186/s12903-017-0458-2.
[22]谢文强,王洁琪,郑美华,等.不同构建方向激光选区融化钛合金卡环的疲劳性能研究及有限元应力分析[J/CD].中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版),2018,12(5):271-277.DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.05.002.