启动压力梯度对致密油藏水平井裂缝参数的影响
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摘要
致密油藏流动能力差,水平井压裂后形成基质与裂缝两种差异明显的介质,流体在两种介质中的渗流规律不同,在基质中存在很高的启动压力梯度,不同渗流规律的耦合对致密油藏压裂水平井开发产能及开发动态规律的研究提出了新的难度。本文建立了考虑不同基质低速非线性渗流规律的致密油藏压裂水平井产能模型,并在此基础上研究了启动压力梯度对致密油藏压裂水平井开发动态的影响,将整个生产周期分成了第一线性流、裂缝干扰流、第二线性流和边界控制流四个阶段,并认为启动压力梯度具有缩短第一线性流与第二线性流的稳产阶段的作用,不利于致密油藏的有效开发;同时,启动压力梯度对裂缝参数的优化具有重要的影响,越高的启动压力梯度需要更长、更密、更多的裂缝才能进行有效的开发。
Fluid flow ability in tight oil reservoirs is poor,and two media with obvious difference in matrix and fracture are formed after horizontal well fracturing.The seepage mechanism of fluid in two media is different,and there is a high start-up pressure gradient in the matrix.Coupling of different seepage laws brings new difficulties to the study of productivity and production performance of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs.This paper establishes a productivity model of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs considering the low-speed non-linear seepage law of different matrices,and studies the influence of start-up pressure gradient on the development performance of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs.The whole production cycle is divided into four stages:first linear flow,fracture interference flow,second linear flow and boundary control flow.It is recognized that start-up pressure gradient can shorten the stable production stage of first linear flow and second linear flow,which is not conducive to the effective development of tight oil reservoirs.At the same time,the start-up pressure gradient has an important impact on the optimization of fracture parameters.The higher the start-up pressure gradient,the longer,denser and more cracks are needed to develop effectively.
Fluid flow ability in tight oil reservoirs is poor,and two media with obvious difference in matrix and fracture are formed after horizontal well fracturing.The seepage mechanism of fluid in two media is different,and there is a high start-up pressure gradient in the matrix.Coupling of different seepage laws brings new difficulties to the study of productivity and production performance of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs.This paper establishes a productivity model of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs considering the low-speed non-linear seepage law of different matrices,and studies the influence of start-up pressure gradient on the development performance of fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs.The whole production cycle is divided into four stages:first linear flow,fracture interference flow,second linear flow and boundary control flow.It is recognized that start-up pressure gradient can shorten the stable production stage of first linear flow and second linear flow,which is not conducive to the effective development of tight oil reservoirs.At the same time,the start-up pressure gradient has an important impact on the optimization of fracture parameters.The higher the start-up pressure gradient,the longer,denser and more cracks are needed to develop effectively.
引文
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[11]李树松,段永刚,陈伟,等.压裂水平井多裂缝系统的试井分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(3):67-69.LI Shusong,DUAN Yonggang,CHEN Wei,et al.Well testing analysis of fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2006,25(3):67-69.
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[13]李树臣,邵宪志,付春权,等.压裂水平井压力动态曲线分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(2):71-73.LI Shuchen,SHAO Xianzhi,FU Chunquan,et al.Analysis of pressure dynamic curve on fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(2):71-73.
[14]朱大伟.低渗/致密油藏分段压裂水平井产能及渗流规律研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2014.
[2]贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350.JIA Chengzao,ZOU Caineng,LI Jianzhong,et al.Assessment criteria,main types,basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):343-350.
[3]杜金虎,刘合,马德胜,等.试论中国陆相致密油有效开发技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(2):198-205.DU Jinhu,LIU He,MA Desheng,et al.Discussion on effective development techniques for continental tight oil in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(2):198-205.
[4]严向阳,李楠,王腾飞,等.美国致密油开发关键技术[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):100-107.YAN Xiangyang,LI Nan,WANG Tengfei,et al.Key technologies for tight oil development in the United States[J].Science&Technology Review,2015,33(9):100-107.
[5]魏海峰,凡哲元,袁向春.致密油藏开发技术研究进展[J].油气地质与采收率,2013,20(2):62-66.WEI Haifeng,FAN Zheyuan,YUAN Xiangchun.Research progress on development technology of tight reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2013,20(2):62-66.
[6]吕成远,王建,孙志刚.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002(2):86-89.LYU Chengyuan,WANG Jian,SUN Zhigang.An experimental study on starting pressure gradient of fluids flow in low permeability sandstone porous media[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002(2):86-89.
[7]王恩志,韩小妹,黄远智.低渗岩石非线性渗流机理讨论[J].岩土力学,2003,24(S2):120-124.WANG Enzhi,HAN Xiaomei,HUANG Yuanzhi.Discussion on the mechanism of percolation in low permeability rocks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(S2):120-124.
[8]李军诗.压裂水平井动态分析研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2005.
[9]杨宇.水平井及压裂水平井测试分析技术研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2005.
[10]樊冬艳.基于离散裂缝模型分段压裂水平井试井理论及解释方法研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2013.
[11]李树松,段永刚,陈伟,等.压裂水平井多裂缝系统的试井分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(3):67-69.LI Shusong,DUAN Yonggang,CHEN Wei,et al.Well testing analysis of fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2006,25(3):67-69.
[12]边凤晓.压裂水平井试井分析模型应用研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2012.
[13]李树臣,邵宪志,付春权,等.压裂水平井压力动态曲线分析[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(2):71-73.LI Shuchen,SHAO Xianzhi,FU Chunquan,et al.Analysis of pressure dynamic curve on fractured horizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(2):71-73.
[14]朱大伟.低渗/致密油藏分段压裂水平井产能及渗流规律研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2014.
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