摘要
利用石蜡切片法对大叶铁线莲(Clematisheracleifolia)、东北铁线莲(C.ternifloravar.mandshurica)、棉团铁线莲(C. hexapetala)和褐毛铁线莲(C. fusca)的花芽分化过程进行了观察。结果表明,4种植物的花芽分化过程可分为5个时期,未见明显花萼或花瓣分化或退化现象,各轮花器官为向心式发生,向心式发育。大叶铁线莲、东北铁线莲和棉团铁线莲还存在花序形成期。至各花器官形态分化完全,东北铁线莲及褐毛铁线莲花芽分化过程为10~12 d,棉团铁线莲为12~14 d,大叶铁线莲为15~17 d。
A natomic observation was made in the terminal bud of Clematis heracleifolia,C. terniflora var. mandshurica,C. hexapetala and C. fusca during flower bud differentiation with the paraffin-cut section. The results showed that flower bud differentiation of the four species of Clematis could be divided into five stages. The primordia of all floral organs initiated and developed centripetally without differentiation or degradation of calyx or petal obviously. It also included the whole inflorescence formation during the flower bud differentiation of C. heracleifolia,C. hexapetala and C. terniflora var. mandshurica. After the complete morphology differentiation of floral organ,it took about 10–12 d for the flowers of C. terniflora var. mandshurica and C. fusca,12–14 d for that of C. hexapetala and 15–17 d for that of C. heracleifolia to develop from the initiation to the end.
引文
Chang Hong-li.2005.Flower morphologenesis and metamorphose in Ranunculaceae and their systematic significance[Ph.D.Dissertation].Xi’an:Northwest University.(in Chinese)常鸿莉.2005.毛茛科花形态发生和花变态及其系统学意义[博士论文].西安:西北大学.
Coen E.2001.Goethe and the ABC model of flower development.C R Acad SciⅢ,324:1-8.
Ehrendorfer F.1998.Siebzehnte Abteilung:Spermatophyta.Eduard Strasburger:Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen.
Endress P K.1995.Floral structure and evolution in Ranunculanae.Plant Syst Evol,9:47-61.
Erbar C P,Kusma S K,Leins P.1998.Development and interpretation of nectary organs in Ranunculaceae.Flora,194:317-332.
Kosuge K.,Tamura M.1989.Ontogenetic studies on petal of the Ranunculanae.J Japan Bot,64:65-74.
Leppik E.E.1964.Flora evolution in the Ranunculanae.Lowa State Coll J Sci,39:1-101.
Ren Y,Chang H L,Tian X H,Song P,Endress P K.2009.Floral development in Adonideae(Ranunculaceae).Flora,204(7):506-517.
Salisbury E J.1931.On the morphology and ecology of Ranunculus parviflorus L.Annals of Bot,45:537-578.
Sch?ffel K.1932.Untersuchungenüber den Blütenbau der Ranunculaceen.Planta,17:315-371.
Song Chun-hui.2006.Morphology,structure,development and systematic of Souliea(Ranunculaceae)[Ph.D.Dissertation].Xi’an:Shaanxi Normal University.(in Chinese)宋春慧.2006.黄三七属(毛茛科)植物的形态、结构、发育及系统位置研究[博士论文].西安:陕西师范大学.
Song Ping,Tian Xian-hua,Ren Yi.2007.Floral morphologensis of Caltha and Trollius(Ranunculaceae)and its systematic significance.Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,45(6):769-782.(in Chinese)宋萍,田先华,任毅.2007.驴蹄草属和金莲花属(毛茛科)花器官的形态发生及系统学意义.植物分类学报,45(6):769-782.
Tamura M.1965.Morphology,ecology and phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae.Ⅳ.Science Report Osaka University,14:53-71.
Tepfer S S.1953.Floral anatomy and ontogeny in Aquilegia formosa var.truncata and Ranunculus repens.Univ Calif Public Bot,25:513-648.
Tucker S C,Hodges S A.2005.Floral ontogeny of Aquilegia,Semiaquilegia,and Enemion(Ranunculaceae).International Journal of the Plant Sciences,166(4):557-574.
Wu Hai-yan,Sun Kun,Cai Zheng-wang,Su Xue,Pang Hai-long.2008.Floral organogenesis and development of Clematis fruticosa Turcz.(Ranunculaceae).Bulletin of Botanical Research,28(3):273-277.(in Chinese)吴海燕,孙坤,蔡正旺,苏雪,庞海龙.2008.灌木铁线莲(毛茛科)花器官的发生与发育.植物研究,28(3):273-277.
Yang Hui,Wang Jin,Liu Li-bo,Liu Ping.2010.Flower bud differentiation of Clematis‘Bagatelle’.Northern Horticulture,(8):143-144.(in Chinese)杨慧,王锦,刘立波,刘平.2010.铁线莲‘蓝焰’的花芽分化研究.北方园艺,(8):143-144.