提高弱送端电网暂态电压稳定水平的调相机优化配置研究
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摘要
新能源接入比例的不断提高导致送端电网的电压支撑能力下降,在常规电源小开机方式下易出现暂态电压稳定问题。以西北电网为例,揭示了典型新能源汇集送端电网暂态电压稳定问题,分析了调相机的优势和不同地点配置调相机对事故后电网暂态电压的影响效果。进一步结合预防与紧急控制,通过协调优化事故前调相机配置地点、容量和事故后的紧急控制,以系统安全性为约束,以控制代价最小为目标,提出了一种针对送端电压支撑薄弱电网的调相机优化配置方法。最后,通过实际典型电网进行了有效性验证。
The increasing proportion that renewable energy accessing to sending-end power grid leads to the decrease of voltage support capacity, and the problem of transient voltage instability is likely to occur when power grid operates in the mode of minimum generation. Based on Northwest grids as an example, it reveals the problem of transient voltage instability with the typical renewable energy sending-end power grid, and analyzes the advantages of the synchronous condenser and the effects with synchronous condenser locations on the transient voltage stability characteristics after the accident. And further combining prevention and emergency control, through coordinating and optimizing the configuration capacity and location of the synchronous condenser before the accident and the emergency control after the accident, it proposes an optimization configuration method of synchronous condenser for the weak voltage supporting sending-end power grid, which is based on security constraints and aims to minimize the control cost. Finally, the method is validated through the actual typical grid.
The increasing proportion that renewable energy accessing to sending-end power grid leads to the decrease of voltage support capacity, and the problem of transient voltage instability is likely to occur when power grid operates in the mode of minimum generation. Based on Northwest grids as an example, it reveals the problem of transient voltage instability with the typical renewable energy sending-end power grid, and analyzes the advantages of the synchronous condenser and the effects with synchronous condenser locations on the transient voltage stability characteristics after the accident. And further combining prevention and emergency control, through coordinating and optimizing the configuration capacity and location of the synchronous condenser before the accident and the emergency control after the accident, it proposes an optimization configuration method of synchronous condenser for the weak voltage supporting sending-end power grid, which is based on security constraints and aims to minimize the control cost. Finally, the method is validated through the actual typical grid.
引文
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[18]崔挺,沈阳武,张斌,等.300 Mvar级同步调相机对湖南电网稳定的影响研究[J].湖南电力,2016,36(3):1-4,8.CUI Ting,SHEN Yangwu,ZHANG Bin,et al.Influences of 300 MVar synchronous condensers on the stabilities of Hunan power grid[J].Hunan Electric Power,2016,36(3):1-4,8.
[19]周红婷,宋玮.计及动态无功控制影响的大规模风电汇集地区电压稳定性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(7):13-18.ZHOU Hongting,SONG Wei.Analysis on voltage stability in large-scale wind farms integration area considering impact of dynamic reactive power control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(7):13-18.
[20]全国电网运行与控制标准化技术委员会.电力系统安全稳定计算技术规范:DL/T1234-2013[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2013.Technique specification of power system security and stability calculation:DL/T 1234-2013[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2013.
[2]KUNDUR P.Power system stability and control[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2002.
[3]蔡泽祥,冯雷,杨欢欢,等.高压直流系统无功动态对暂态电压稳定的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(4):1-7.CAI Zexiang,FENG Lei,YANG Huanhuan,et al.Influence of reactive power dynamics of HVDC system on short-term voltage stability[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2017,45(4):1-7.
[4]孙全才,程浩忠,张健,等.提高暂态电压安全水平的动态无功备用优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(11):2718-2725.SUN Quancai,CHENG Haozhong,ZHANG Jian,et al.Adynamic reactive power reserve optimization method to enhance transient voltage security[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(11):2718-2725.
[5]汤涌,仲悟之,孙华东,等.电力系统电压稳定机理研究[J].电网技术,2010,34(4):24-29.TANG Yong,ZHONG Wuzhi,SUN Huadong,et al.Study on mechanism of power system voltage stability[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(4):24-29.
[6]张锋,李明霞,攀国伟,等.风电接入对地区电网暂态电压稳定性的影响[J].中国电力,2011,44(9):17-21.ZHANG Feng,LI Mingxia,PAN Guowei,et al.Transient voltage stability study about a regional grid integrated with wind power[J].Electric Power,2011,44(9):17-21.
[7]陈磊,刘永奇,戴远航,等.电力电子接口新能源并网的暂态电压稳定机理研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(9):15-21.CHEN Lei,LIU Yongqi,DAI Yuanhang,et al.Study on the mechanism of transient voltage stability of new energy source with power electronic interface[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(9):15-21.
[8]李峰,李威,薛峰,等.规模化光伏电站与电网暂态交互影响定量分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2011,27(11):50-56.LI Feng,LI Wei,XUE Feng,et al.Quantitative analysis of the transient interaction between large-scale photovoltaic plant and grid[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2011,27(11):50-56.
[9]袁志昌,刘文华,宋强.基于暂态电压稳定指标的动态无功优化配置方法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(14):17-21.YUAN Zhichang,LIU Wenhua,SONG Qiang.Optimal allocation method of dynamic var compensation based on transient voltage stability index[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(14):17-21.
[10]WILDENHUES S,RUEDA J L,ERLICH I.Optimal allocation and sizing of dynamic VAR sources using heuristic optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(5):2538-2546.
[11]HAN Tong,CHEN Yanbo,MA Jin,et al.Surrogate modeling-based multi-objective dynamic VAR planning considering short-term voltage stability and transient stability[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2018,33(1):622-633.
[12]周仕豪,唐飞,刘涤尘,等.考虑降低暂态电压失稳风险的动态无功优化配置方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(7):68-75.ZHOU Shihao,TANG Fei,LIU Dichen,et al.A dynamic VAR optimal configuration method for reducing the risk of transient voltage instability[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(7):68-75.
[13]刘振亚,张启平,王雅婷,等.提高西北新甘青750 kV送端电网安全稳定水平的无功补偿措施研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(5):1015-1022.LIU Zhenya,ZHANG Qiping,WANG Yating,et al.Research on reactive compensation strategies for improving stability level of sending-end of 750 kV grid in Northwest China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(5):1015-1022.
[14]VIJAV K S.HVDC and FACTS controller-application of static converters in power system[M].Boston:Kluwer Academic Publisher,2004:67-78.
[15]SERCAN T,TARIK A,TORBJORN T,et al.Performance comparison of synchronous condenser and SVC[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(3):1606-1612.
[16]常海军,侯玉强,任先成,等.电网暂态相继失稳风险评估及协调阻断方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(9):40-47.CHANG Haijun,HOU Yuqiang,REN Xiancheng,et al.Research on risk assessment and coordinated blocking of transient successive instability in power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(9):40-47.
[17]常海军,侯玉强,柯贤波,等.综合FACTS和HVDC协调优化的大规模风电脱网控制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(13):78-84.CHANG Haijun,HOU Yuqiang,KE Xianbo,et al.Amethod of synthesizing coordinated optimization between FACTS and HVDC for curbing large-scale wind turbine tripping[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(13):78-84.
[18]崔挺,沈阳武,张斌,等.300 Mvar级同步调相机对湖南电网稳定的影响研究[J].湖南电力,2016,36(3):1-4,8.CUI Ting,SHEN Yangwu,ZHANG Bin,et al.Influences of 300 MVar synchronous condensers on the stabilities of Hunan power grid[J].Hunan Electric Power,2016,36(3):1-4,8.
[19]周红婷,宋玮.计及动态无功控制影响的大规模风电汇集地区电压稳定性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(7):13-18.ZHOU Hongting,SONG Wei.Analysis on voltage stability in large-scale wind farms integration area considering impact of dynamic reactive power control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(7):13-18.
[20]全国电网运行与控制标准化技术委员会.电力系统安全稳定计算技术规范:DL/T1234-2013[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2013.Technique specification of power system security and stability calculation:DL/T 1234-2013[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2013.