西宁市区不同天气形势下的PM_(10)输送路径及潜在源区
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摘要
针对2016年西宁市区稳定和沙尘两种不同天气形势,基于后向轨迹气团的聚类分析法、潜在源贡献因子法(PSCF)和浓度权重轨迹分析法(CWT),结合市环境监测站PM_(10)浓度质量资料,分析了西宁市区不同天气形势下不同来源区域PM_(10)质量浓度的贡献影响及其潜在源区。结果表明:西宁市区稳定天气PM_(10)均来自青海省境内,PM_(10)输送路径以西方和东方转向路径最多,占总轨迹数的34.78%和30.43%;西方路径主要从青海省格尔木市向东输送,东方转向路径则从西宁市西部地区向东转而向西输送,两者经过的地区均没有明显的沙源;PM_(10)的潜在贡献源区主要在西宁市区及其北部与大通县和互助县交界地区。沙尘天气PM_(10)输送路径除了以来自青海省海西州的西方路径为最多外,甘肃省河西走廊的东方转向路径也较多,占比分别达到42.11%和36.84%;西方路径PM_(10)主要从沙漠地带南疆—青海省海西州西部向东输送,东方转向路径PM_(10)则经河西走廊沙源地进入西宁市区;PM_(10)污染主要是PM_(10)由沙源地输送进入西宁市区聚集所造成。地形对PM_(10)的输送路径有较大的影响。
Using cluster analysis method,potential source contribution factor method(PSCF) and concentration weight trajectory analysis method(CWT) based on backward trajectory model in stability and sand synoptic situation in 2016 of Xining city,combining with environmental monitoring station measured PM_(10) concentrations,the influence of different source areas on the PM_(10) concentration contribution during different synoptic situations of Xining city and its potential source are studied. The results are as follows. The PM_(10) during stability synoptic condition are all from Qinghai province,the western and eastern-turn direction of transportation routes are most frequently involved,accounting for 34. 78% and 30. 43%respectively of total backward trajectories,and the western direction mainly transport eastward from Golmud city of Qinghai province and eastern-turn direction mainly transport eastward from western region of Xining and then turn westward,there are no obvious sources of sand in either transporting path. The potential source contribution of PM_(10) is in Xining city and the area between northern Xining city,Datong and Huzhu. The PM_(10) in sand synoptic condition are also from Hexi Corridor of Gansu province except Qinghai Haixi state as the most,the ratios are 42. 11% and 36. 84% respectively,the western direction mainly transport eastward from desert land in southern region of Xinjiang province and western Haixi state of Qinghai province,and eastern-turn direction turn from sand source regions in Hexi Corridor to Xining city,and PM_(10) heavy pollution events are caused by local particle aggregation from sand source regions.The terrain has a great influence on the transport path of PM_(10).
Using cluster analysis method,potential source contribution factor method(PSCF) and concentration weight trajectory analysis method(CWT) based on backward trajectory model in stability and sand synoptic situation in 2016 of Xining city,combining with environmental monitoring station measured PM_(10) concentrations,the influence of different source areas on the PM_(10) concentration contribution during different synoptic situations of Xining city and its potential source are studied. The results are as follows. The PM_(10) during stability synoptic condition are all from Qinghai province,the western and eastern-turn direction of transportation routes are most frequently involved,accounting for 34. 78% and 30. 43%respectively of total backward trajectories,and the western direction mainly transport eastward from Golmud city of Qinghai province and eastern-turn direction mainly transport eastward from western region of Xining and then turn westward,there are no obvious sources of sand in either transporting path. The potential source contribution of PM_(10) is in Xining city and the area between northern Xining city,Datong and Huzhu. The PM_(10) in sand synoptic condition are also from Hexi Corridor of Gansu province except Qinghai Haixi state as the most,the ratios are 42. 11% and 36. 84% respectively,the western direction mainly transport eastward from desert land in southern region of Xinjiang province and western Haixi state of Qinghai province,and eastern-turn direction turn from sand source regions in Hexi Corridor to Xining city,and PM_(10) heavy pollution events are caused by local particle aggregation from sand source regions.The terrain has a great influence on the transport path of PM_(10).
引文
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[23]沈学勇,翟崇治,许丽萍,等.利用轨迹模式研究重庆主城区冬季PM2.5污染特征[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(3):71-76.
[2]胡爱军,祁栋林,马雪莲,等.2014年5月一次典型沙尘与降水天气对西宁市AQI的影响[J].青海环境,2016,26(1):21-43.
[3]张建忠,李坤玉,王冠岚,等.京津冀4次重度污染过程的气象要素分析[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(1):19-25.
[4]王冠岚,薛建军,张建忠.2014年京津冀空气污染时空分布特征及主要成因分析[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(1):34-42.
[5]赵恒,王体健,江飞,等.利用后向轨迹模式研究TRACE-P期间香港大气污染物的来源[J].热带气象学报,2009,25(2):181-186.
[6]Shan W,Yin Y Q,Lu H X,et al.A meteorological analysis of ozone episodes using HYSPLIT model and surface data[J].Atmospheric Research,2009,93(4):767-776.
[7]刘世玺,安俊琳,朱彬,等.远距离输送作用对南京大气污染的影响[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2629-2635.
[8]区宇波,曾立民.不同气团来源对广州细颗粒物理化特性的影响[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(1):31-36.
[9]周勤迁,张世春,陈卫卫,等.长春市大气SO2、O3和NOx的变化特征及来源[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(7):768-774.
[10]陈多宏,何俊杰,张国华,等.不同气团对广东鹤山大气超级监测站单颗粒气溶胶理化特征的影响[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(1):63-69.
[11]王世强,黎伟标,邓雪娇,等.广州地区大气污染物输送通道的特征[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(10):2883-2890.
[12]房春生,孔茹钰,孙俪袁,等.长春市大气中PM10本地源和外来源解析对比研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(2):309-317.
[13]于杰,车慧正,陈权亮,等.2010-2012年我国西北地区沙尘个例气溶胶特征分析[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(2):33-40.
[14]Begum B A,Kim E,Jeong C H,et al.Evaluation of the potential source contribution function using the 2002 Quebec forest fire episode[J].Atmospheric Environment,2005,39:3719-3724.
[15]Bi X H,Feng Y C,Zhu T,et al.Source apportionment of PM in six cities of northern China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(5):903-9l2.
[16]孙玉伟,周学华,袁琦,等.济南市秋末冬初大气颗粒物和气体污染物污染水平及来源[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(3):245-252.
[17]刘娜,余晔,陈晋北,等.兰州春季沙尘过程PM10输送路径及其潜在源区[J].大气科学学报,2012,35(4):477-486.
[18]Wang Z B,Hu M,Wu Z J,et al.Long-term measurements of particle number size distributions and the relationship with air mass history and source apportionment in the summer of Beijing[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussion,2013,13(20):10159-10170.
[19]王郭臣,王珏,信玉洁,等.天津PM10和NO2输送路径及潜在源区研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(12):3009-3016.
[20]沈学勇,翟崇治,许丽萍,等.基于轨迹模式初步探究重庆主城区冬季PM2.5潜在污染源区[J].山东化工,2015,44(21):149-151.
[21]任传斌,吴立新,张媛媛,等.北京城区PM2.5输送途径与潜在源区贡献的四季差异分析[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(9):2591-2598.
[22]唐毅,陈治翰,罗治华,等.后向轨迹模式在攀枝花市PM2.5来源分析研究中的应用[J].四川环境,2016,35(4):83-89.
[23]沈学勇,翟崇治,许丽萍,等.利用轨迹模式研究重庆主城区冬季PM2.5污染特征[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(3):71-76.