砂土液化判别方法研究的若干进展
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摘要
砂土液化现象是常见的地震地质灾害,通常会引起建(构)筑物基础的不均匀沉降及结构的破坏,造成人员伤亡和财产损失,科学合理的砂土液化判别方法是预防液化灾害的有效手段,因此,对砂土液化判别方法展开研究对砂土液化的研究有着十分重要的现实意义。在查阅大量资料的基础上,对目前现有的砂土液化判别方法进行了评述和分析,指出了现有液化判别方法存在的问题,针对这些问题进行讨论,包括深层范围内砂土液化公式的确立、液化判别方法的适用性和液化判别方法的适用对象,并对砂土液化判别方法进行了展望,为今后的研究方向提供一定参考。
The sand liquefaction is a common and geological earthquake disaster,which usually causes uneven settlement and structural destruction of the foundation,resulting in casualties and property losses. The scientific and reasonable identification method of soil liquefaction is an effective method to prevent the liquefaction disaster.Consequently,it is of great practical significance to carry out the research on the identification method of sand liquefaction. On the basis of consulting a large amount of data,we reviewed and analyzed the existing methods for evaluating sand liquefaction,and pointed out the problems of the existing methods. In view of these problems,we discussed the establishment of formula of sandy liquefaction in deep layer,the applicability and the applicable object of liquefaction discrimination method. At last,we look forward to the identification method of sand liquefaction,which will provide some reference for future research direction.
The sand liquefaction is a common and geological earthquake disaster,which usually causes uneven settlement and structural destruction of the foundation,resulting in casualties and property losses. The scientific and reasonable identification method of soil liquefaction is an effective method to prevent the liquefaction disaster.Consequently,it is of great practical significance to carry out the research on the identification method of sand liquefaction. On the basis of consulting a large amount of data,we reviewed and analyzed the existing methods for evaluating sand liquefaction,and pointed out the problems of the existing methods. In view of these problems,we discussed the establishment of formula of sandy liquefaction in deep layer,the applicability and the applicable object of liquefaction discrimination method. At last,we look forward to the identification method of sand liquefaction,which will provide some reference for future research direction.
引文
[1]蔡晓光,范丽远.地震液化引起地面侧向大变形研究评述[J].防灾科技学院学报,2010,12(1):11-16.
[2]王刚,张建民.地震液化问题研究进展[J].力学进展,2007,37(4):575-589.
[3]袁晓铭,孙锐.我国规范液化分析方法的发展设想[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):351-358.
[4]陈国兴,金丹丹,常向东,等.最近20年地震中场地液化现象的回顾与土体液化可能性的评价准则[J].岩土力学,2013,34(10):2735-2755.
[5]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[6]工业与民用建筑抗震设计规范(TJ11-78)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1979.
[7]建筑抗震设计规范(GBJ11-89)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1989.
[8]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[9]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2010)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[10]水利水电工程地质勘察规范(GB50487-2008)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008.
[11]水运工程抗震设计规范(JTS146-2012)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[12]BS EN 1998-5:2004 Eurocode 8:Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance,Part 5:Foundatio,Retaining Structure and Geotechnical Engineering[S].London:BSI,2004.
[13]日本运输省港湾局湾技术协会.日本港口设施技术标准[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1983.
[14]李向群,谢朋.基于规范法的砂土液化判别分析[J].吉林建筑大学学报,2018,35(3):40-44.
[15]李涛涛,陶凯.基于标贯的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].工程建设与设计,2015(5):53-56.
[16]Christain J T,Swiger W F.Statistics of liquefaction and SPT results[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1975,101(11):1135-1150.
[17]阳吉宝.浅议多元统计分析判别砂土液化[J].华北地震科学,1994(4):34-41.
[18]黄海国.论多元统计分析判别砂土液化[J].水文地质工程地质,1990(5):47-49.
[19]王余庆,栾芳,韩清宇,等.预测轻亚粘土液化势的统计公式[J].岩土工程学报,1980(3):103-112.
[20]薛新华,钟声.基于Fisher判别法的砂土液化势判别[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2016,32(6):1070-1074.
[21]Davis R O,Berrill J B.Energy dissipation and seismic liquefaction in sands[J].China Civil Engineering and Journal,2001,34(3):90-96.
[22]何广讷.估判场地液化势的实用能量法[J].西部探矿工程,1994(2):45-47.
[23]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics&Foundations Division,1971.
[24]Fukutakek,Ohtsuki A,Sato M,et al.Analysis of saturated dense sand-structure system and comparison with results from shaking table test[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1990,19(7):977-992.
[25]Dobry R,Ladd R S,Powell D,et al.Prediction of pore water pressure build up and liquefaction of sands during earthquakes by the cyclic strain method[J].NBS Building Science Series 138,National Bureau of Standards,Maryland,1982.
[26]汪闻韶.关于饱和砂土液化机理和判别方法的某些探讨[C]//水利水电科学研究院科学研究论文集.北京:水利电力出版社,1984.
[27]石兆吉.判别水平土层液化势的剪切波速法[J].水文地质工程地质,1986(4):9-10+13.
[28]石兆吉,郁寿松,丰万玲.土壤液化势的剪切波速判别法[J].岩土工程学报,1993(1):74-80.
[29]周燕国,陈云敏,柯瀚.砂土液化势剪切波速简化判别法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(13):2369-2375.
[30]王德咏,罗先启.基于表面波法的剪切波速测试与场地土液化判别[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(S1):273-277.
[31]曹振中,袁晓铭.砂砾土液化的剪切波速判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):94-951.
[32]曹振中.汶川地震液化特征及砂砾土液化预测方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2010.
[33]石江华.基于巴楚地震调查的剪切波速液化判别方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2011.
[34]刘雄,王杰光,蔡帅军.基于原位剪切波速测试的场地土地震液化判定方法[J].路基工程,2015(6):10-13.
[35]Olsen R S.Liquefaction analysis using the cone penetrometer test[C].Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.San Francisco:Englewood Cliffs,1984:247-254.
[36]Robertson P K,Wride C E.Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1998,35(3):442-459.
[37]Robertson P K.Comparing CPT and Vs liquefaction triggering methods[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2015:141(9):1-10.
[38]周神根.静力触探判别砂土液化[J].岩土工程学报,1980,2(3):38-45.
[39]岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[40]铁路工程地质原位测试规程(TB10018-2003)[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003.
[41]李兆焱.基于巴楚地震调查的液化判别方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012.
[42]李兆焱,孙锐,曹振中,等.静力触探法对巴楚地震液化判别的适用性[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3907-3912.
[43]蔡国军,刘松玉,童立元,等.基于静力触探测试的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008(5):1019-1027.
[44]王峻,王兰民,李兰.饱和砂土液化的动三轴试验判断与评价[J].西北地震学报,2004(3):94-97.
[45]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制试样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000(6):682-685.
[46]柯瀚,陈云敏,周燕国,等.动态三轴试验确定砂土抗液化强度[J].土木工程学报,2004(9):48-54.
[47]周健,史旦达,吴峰,等.基于数字图像技术的砂土液化可视化动三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(1):81-87.
[48]周健,陈小亮,杨永香,等.饱和层状砂土液化特性的动三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):967-972,978.
[2]王刚,张建民.地震液化问题研究进展[J].力学进展,2007,37(4):575-589.
[3]袁晓铭,孙锐.我国规范液化分析方法的发展设想[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):351-358.
[4]陈国兴,金丹丹,常向东,等.最近20年地震中场地液化现象的回顾与土体液化可能性的评价准则[J].岩土力学,2013,34(10):2735-2755.
[5]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[6]工业与民用建筑抗震设计规范(TJ11-78)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1979.
[7]建筑抗震设计规范(GBJ11-89)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1989.
[8]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[9]建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2010)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[10]水利水电工程地质勘察规范(GB50487-2008)[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008.
[11]水运工程抗震设计规范(JTS146-2012)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2012.
[12]BS EN 1998-5:2004 Eurocode 8:Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance,Part 5:Foundatio,Retaining Structure and Geotechnical Engineering[S].London:BSI,2004.
[13]日本运输省港湾局湾技术协会.日本港口设施技术标准[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1983.
[14]李向群,谢朋.基于规范法的砂土液化判别分析[J].吉林建筑大学学报,2018,35(3):40-44.
[15]李涛涛,陶凯.基于标贯的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].工程建设与设计,2015(5):53-56.
[16]Christain J T,Swiger W F.Statistics of liquefaction and SPT results[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1975,101(11):1135-1150.
[17]阳吉宝.浅议多元统计分析判别砂土液化[J].华北地震科学,1994(4):34-41.
[18]黄海国.论多元统计分析判别砂土液化[J].水文地质工程地质,1990(5):47-49.
[19]王余庆,栾芳,韩清宇,等.预测轻亚粘土液化势的统计公式[J].岩土工程学报,1980(3):103-112.
[20]薛新华,钟声.基于Fisher判别法的砂土液化势判别[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2016,32(6):1070-1074.
[21]Davis R O,Berrill J B.Energy dissipation and seismic liquefaction in sands[J].China Civil Engineering and Journal,2001,34(3):90-96.
[22]何广讷.估判场地液化势的实用能量法[J].西部探矿工程,1994(2):45-47.
[23]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics&Foundations Division,1971.
[24]Fukutakek,Ohtsuki A,Sato M,et al.Analysis of saturated dense sand-structure system and comparison with results from shaking table test[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,1990,19(7):977-992.
[25]Dobry R,Ladd R S,Powell D,et al.Prediction of pore water pressure build up and liquefaction of sands during earthquakes by the cyclic strain method[J].NBS Building Science Series 138,National Bureau of Standards,Maryland,1982.
[26]汪闻韶.关于饱和砂土液化机理和判别方法的某些探讨[C]//水利水电科学研究院科学研究论文集.北京:水利电力出版社,1984.
[27]石兆吉.判别水平土层液化势的剪切波速法[J].水文地质工程地质,1986(4):9-10+13.
[28]石兆吉,郁寿松,丰万玲.土壤液化势的剪切波速判别法[J].岩土工程学报,1993(1):74-80.
[29]周燕国,陈云敏,柯瀚.砂土液化势剪切波速简化判别法的改进[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005(13):2369-2375.
[30]王德咏,罗先启.基于表面波法的剪切波速测试与场地土液化判别[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(S1):273-277.
[31]曹振中,袁晓铭.砂砾土液化的剪切波速判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):94-951.
[32]曹振中.汶川地震液化特征及砂砾土液化预测方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2010.
[33]石江华.基于巴楚地震调查的剪切波速液化判别方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2011.
[34]刘雄,王杰光,蔡帅军.基于原位剪切波速测试的场地土地震液化判定方法[J].路基工程,2015(6):10-13.
[35]Olsen R S.Liquefaction analysis using the cone penetrometer test[C].Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.San Francisco:Englewood Cliffs,1984:247-254.
[36]Robertson P K,Wride C E.Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1998,35(3):442-459.
[37]Robertson P K.Comparing CPT and Vs liquefaction triggering methods[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2015:141(9):1-10.
[38]周神根.静力触探判别砂土液化[J].岩土工程学报,1980,2(3):38-45.
[39]岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[40]铁路工程地质原位测试规程(TB10018-2003)[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003.
[41]李兆焱.基于巴楚地震调查的液化判别方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012.
[42]李兆焱,孙锐,曹振中,等.静力触探法对巴楚地震液化判别的适用性[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3907-3912.
[43]蔡国军,刘松玉,童立元,等.基于静力触探测试的国内外砂土液化判别方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008(5):1019-1027.
[44]王峻,王兰民,李兰.饱和砂土液化的动三轴试验判断与评价[J].西北地震学报,2004(3):94-97.
[45]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制试样初始剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000(6):682-685.
[46]柯瀚,陈云敏,周燕国,等.动态三轴试验确定砂土抗液化强度[J].土木工程学报,2004(9):48-54.
[47]周健,史旦达,吴峰,等.基于数字图像技术的砂土液化可视化动三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(1):81-87.
[48]周健,陈小亮,杨永香,等.饱和层状砂土液化特性的动三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(4):967-972,978.