山东省农田残膜污染现状及治理对策
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摘要
随着覆膜栽培技术的大规模推广应用,土壤中的残膜逐年增多,对土壤结构、作物生长和农村环境等造成了严重的危害,使农业生产可持续发展面临严重威胁。该文概述了山东地区残膜的污染现状,针对我国播前、苗期和秋后残膜回收的代表机型及其优缺点进行了归纳总结,简述了国内农田残膜污染回收治理相关的政策措施,提出了适应山东地区残膜污染治理的建议,为实现山东地区农业可持续健康发展提供思路。
With large-scale popularization and application of mulching cultivation technology,waste agricultural film in soil has increased year by year causing serious damage to soil structure,crop growth and rural environment,and sustainable development of agricultural production is facing serious threat. Pollution status of residual film in Shandong was analyzed,representative models and their advantages and disadvantages of film harvesting before,during and after autumn was summarized. Policies and measures related to recycling of domestic residual film pollution were described. Suggestions for adapting to treatment of residual film pollution in Shandong were put forward. It could provide ideas for sustainable and healthy development of agriculture in Shandong.
With large-scale popularization and application of mulching cultivation technology,waste agricultural film in soil has increased year by year causing serious damage to soil structure,crop growth and rural environment,and sustainable development of agricultural production is facing serious threat. Pollution status of residual film in Shandong was analyzed,representative models and their advantages and disadvantages of film harvesting before,during and after autumn was summarized. Policies and measures related to recycling of domestic residual film pollution were described. Suggestions for adapting to treatment of residual film pollution in Shandong were put forward. It could provide ideas for sustainable and healthy development of agriculture in Shandong.
引文
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[6]孙云云,高玉山,窦金刚,等.半干旱区玉米降解地膜覆盖栽培综合效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(30):27-31.SUN Yunyun,GAO Yushan,DOU Jingang,et al.Comprehensive effects of degradable plastic film mulching cultivation for maizein semi-arid region[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(30):27-31.
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[13]白云龙,李晓龙,张胜,等.内蒙古地膜残留污染现状及残膜回收利用对策研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(6):139-145.BAI Yunlong,LI Xiaolong,ZHANG Sheng,et al.Study on the current situation of plastic film residue pollution and the countermeasures for the recovery and utilizationof residual film in Inner Mongolia[J].Chinese Soil and Fertilizer,2015(6):139-145.
[14]朱梦诗,刘从九.浅谈我国废旧农膜回收利用现状[J].长沙大学学报,2015,29(2):101-104.ZHU Mengshi,LIU Congjiu.On the recycle status of agricultural plastic films in China[J].Journal of Changsha University,2015,29(2):101-104.
[15]王伟伟,裴新民.国内残地膜回收设备应用现状与发展研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(23):368-370.WANG Weiwei,FEI Xinmin.Application status and development of domestic plastic film recycling equipment[J].Anhui Agricultural Science,2015,43(23):368-370.
[16]李妍超,李海萍,王永显,等.青岛市农田土壤残膜污染现状及其治理对策[J].农业资源与环境学报,2017,34(3):226-233.LI Yanchao,LI Haipin,WANG Yongxian,et al.Pollution status and control countermeasures of polyethylene mulch film residue in farmland soils of Qingdao city[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2017,34(3):226-233.
[17]张炳发,杨宛章.卷膜式残膜回收机的设计[J].农业工程,2015,5(1):79-82.ZHANG Bingfa,YANG Wanzhang.Design on roll film residual film recovery machine[J].Agricultural Engineering,2015,5(1):79-82.
[18]薛文瑾,王春耀,朱振中,等.卷膜式棉花苗期残膜回收机的设计[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(3):147-149.XUE Wenjin,WANG Chunyao,ZHU Zhengzhong,et al.Design of film-rolling cotton residual film recovery machine at seedling stage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(3):147-149.
[19]康建明,王士国,颜利民.残膜回收机起膜铲设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(S1):143-148.KANG Jianming,WANG Shiguo,YAN Liming.Design and experiment of loosen shovel installed on plastic film collecting machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(S1):143-148.
[20]王吉亮,王敏,营雨琨,等.链耙式残膜回收与茎秆粉碎联合作业机设计[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(5):189-190.WANG Jiliang,WANG Min,YIN Yukun,et al.Design of chain rake residual film recovery and stalk pulverizing machine[J].Guangdong Agricultural Science,2013,40(5):189-190.
[21]王春耀,陈发,郭小军,等.弧形挑膜齿残膜清理滚筒运动分析[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(8):38-40.WANG Chunyao,CHEN Fa,GUO Xiaojun,et al.Motion analysis of cleaning drum for residual film of curved overhanging tooth[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(8):38-40.
[2]中国地膜覆盖栽培研究会.地膜覆盖栽培技术大全[M].北京:农业出版社,1988.
[3]严昌荣,何文清,梅旭荣,等.农用地膜的应用与污染防治[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:76-86.
[4]卜玉山,李伟,周秋香,等.寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(3):69-75.BU Yushan,LI Wei,ZHOU Qiuxiang,et al.Effects of film mulching and fertilizations on soil and crop in cold and arid region[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(3):69-75.
[5]李红梅,苗兴武.山东东营棉花地膜覆盖栽培面临的问题与对策[J].中国棉花,2013,40(8):43.
[6]孙云云,高玉山,窦金刚,等.半干旱区玉米降解地膜覆盖栽培综合效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(30):27-31.SUN Yunyun,GAO Yushan,DOU Jingang,et al.Comprehensive effects of degradable plastic film mulching cultivation for maizein semi-arid region[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(30):27-31.
[7]李丽霞,纪文义,陈海涛,等.大豆秸秆纤维制造可降解地膜工艺参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(14):220-226.LI Lixia,JI Wenyi,CHEN Haitao,et al.Technology optimization for manufacturing biodegradable mulch using soybean straw fiber[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(14):220-226.
[8]于荣,武文渊,王连双.黄河宁夏灌区覆膜与土壤温湿度的响应对蓖麻生长的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009(20):311-315.YU Rong,WU Wenyuan,WANG Shuanglian.Effect of caster growth with plastic mulching and soil moisturein ningxia yellow river irrigation area[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2009(20):311-315.
[9]徐钰,刘兆辉,江丽华,等.山东省农业面源污染现状分析及其防治对策[J].中国农业气象,2013(S1):61-65.XU Yu,LIU Zhaohui,JIANG Lihua,et al.Present situation analysis and prevention and cure counter measures on agricultural non-point source pollution in Shandong province[J].Chinese Journal of Agromete orology,2013(S1):61-65.
[10]浦碧雯.山东省农业面源污染及防治对策[D].济南:山东大学,2013.PU Biwen.Agricultural non-piont source pollution in Shandong province and its prevention countemeasures[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2013.
[11]李红梅,苗兴武.山东东营棉花地膜覆盖栽培面临的问题与对策[J].中国棉花,2013,40(8):43-44.
[12]何文清,严昌荣,赵彩霞,等.我国地膜应用污染现状及其防治途径研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(3):533-538.HE Wenqing,YAN Changrong,ZHAO Caixia,et al.Study on the pollution by plastic mulch film and its countermeasures in China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2009,28(3):533-538.
[13]白云龙,李晓龙,张胜,等.内蒙古地膜残留污染现状及残膜回收利用对策研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(6):139-145.BAI Yunlong,LI Xiaolong,ZHANG Sheng,et al.Study on the current situation of plastic film residue pollution and the countermeasures for the recovery and utilizationof residual film in Inner Mongolia[J].Chinese Soil and Fertilizer,2015(6):139-145.
[14]朱梦诗,刘从九.浅谈我国废旧农膜回收利用现状[J].长沙大学学报,2015,29(2):101-104.ZHU Mengshi,LIU Congjiu.On the recycle status of agricultural plastic films in China[J].Journal of Changsha University,2015,29(2):101-104.
[15]王伟伟,裴新民.国内残地膜回收设备应用现状与发展研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(23):368-370.WANG Weiwei,FEI Xinmin.Application status and development of domestic plastic film recycling equipment[J].Anhui Agricultural Science,2015,43(23):368-370.
[16]李妍超,李海萍,王永显,等.青岛市农田土壤残膜污染现状及其治理对策[J].农业资源与环境学报,2017,34(3):226-233.LI Yanchao,LI Haipin,WANG Yongxian,et al.Pollution status and control countermeasures of polyethylene mulch film residue in farmland soils of Qingdao city[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2017,34(3):226-233.
[17]张炳发,杨宛章.卷膜式残膜回收机的设计[J].农业工程,2015,5(1):79-82.ZHANG Bingfa,YANG Wanzhang.Design on roll film residual film recovery machine[J].Agricultural Engineering,2015,5(1):79-82.
[18]薛文瑾,王春耀,朱振中,等.卷膜式棉花苗期残膜回收机的设计[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(3):147-149.XUE Wenjin,WANG Chunyao,ZHU Zhengzhong,et al.Design of film-rolling cotton residual film recovery machine at seedling stage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(3):147-149.
[19]康建明,王士国,颜利民.残膜回收机起膜铲设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(S1):143-148.KANG Jianming,WANG Shiguo,YAN Liming.Design and experiment of loosen shovel installed on plastic film collecting machine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(S1):143-148.
[20]王吉亮,王敏,营雨琨,等.链耙式残膜回收与茎秆粉碎联合作业机设计[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(5):189-190.WANG Jiliang,WANG Min,YIN Yukun,et al.Design of chain rake residual film recovery and stalk pulverizing machine[J].Guangdong Agricultural Science,2013,40(5):189-190.
[21]王春耀,陈发,郭小军,等.弧形挑膜齿残膜清理滚筒运动分析[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(8):38-40.WANG Chunyao,CHEN Fa,GUO Xiaojun,et al.Motion analysis of cleaning drum for residual film of curved overhanging tooth[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(8):38-40.
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