头盔显示器视差自动测量中眼位点的自动对准
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摘要
自动测量头盔显示器的视差时,用CCD相机取代人眼的主观读取,由于机器视觉不如人眼灵活,CCD相机在人眼观察点才能确保移动时采集的图像是完整的,从而保证全视场的视差测量。该文提出采用模式搜索法在头盔显示器光学平面内实现CCD相机自动对准人眼观察点(眼位点),从而实现头盔显示器全视场视差的自动测量。对该自动测量系统的测量原理,以及CCD相机自动对准眼位点的实现过程进行了详细论述与说明,对测量精度与效率,对准精度与重复定位精度进行了实验分析。实验结果表明,该方法能够快速、准确、自动地对准眼位点,定位精度为±0.071°,与摆头法测量视差系统进行对比实验,全视场视差测量效率高,重复精度高。
In order to ensure the whole field of view parallax can be measured,the charged-coupled device(CCD)camera which replaces eye must be located at the observation position(eye point)because the machine vision is not as flexible as the human eye,when the parallax of helmet mounted display is measured automatically.A pattern search method was proposed to make CCD camera locate at the observation position automatically in the optical plane of the helmet mounted display(HMD).Thus,the parallax of the helmet mounted display in the whole field of view can be measured automatically.The principle of the automatic measurement system was discussed in detail,and the process of CCD camera aligning observation point automatically was introduced in detail.Then the measurement precision and efficiency were also analyzed experimentally,as well as the alignment accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy.The experimental results show that the method can ensure the CCD locate at eye point accurately with high efficiency.The positioning accuracy is±0.071°.Compared with the pendulum method to measure parallax,it has high measuring efficiency and high repetitive positioning precision.
In order to ensure the whole field of view parallax can be measured,the charged-coupled device(CCD)camera which replaces eye must be located at the observation position(eye point)because the machine vision is not as flexible as the human eye,when the parallax of helmet mounted display is measured automatically.A pattern search method was proposed to make CCD camera locate at the observation position automatically in the optical plane of the helmet mounted display(HMD).Thus,the parallax of the helmet mounted display in the whole field of view can be measured automatically.The principle of the automatic measurement system was discussed in detail,and the process of CCD camera aligning observation point automatically was introduced in detail.Then the measurement precision and efficiency were also analyzed experimentally,as well as the alignment accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy.The experimental results show that the method can ensure the CCD locate at eye point accurately with high efficiency.The positioning accuracy is±0.071°.Compared with the pendulum method to measure parallax,it has high measuring efficiency and high repetitive positioning precision.
引文
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[2]LU Haiping,LIU Weiqi,KANG Yusi,et al.Designof compact optical system in panoramic three-dimen-sional head mounted display[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2012,32(5):0522002.卢海平,刘伟奇,康玉思,等.全景三维立体头盔显示光学系统设计[J].光学学报,2012,32(5):0522002.
[3]TUNG K,MILLER M,COLOMBI J,et al.Effectof vibration on eye,head and helmet movementswhile wearing a helmet mounted display[J].Journalof the Society for Information Display,2015,22(10):535-544.
[4]YANG Shengjie,LI Xiaoxia,LIU Chunhua.Study onquantization of parallax adjustment for HMDs[J].Electronics Optics &Control,2009,16(5):86-89.杨胜杰,李晓霞,刘春华.头盔显示器视差调校的量化研究[J].电光与控制,2009,16(5):86-89.
[5]LIU Tongming,XIA Zuxun,XIE Hongcheng.Datafusion technique and its application[M].BeiJing:Na-tional Defense Tndustry Press,1998:191-216.刘同明,夏祖勋,解洪成.数据融合技术及其应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998:19l-216.
[6]TIAN Miao,LIU Jun,GAO Ming.Parallax meas-urement of HUD based on computer vision[J].Jour-nal of Applied Optics,2008,29(5):0740.田苗,刘钧,高明.基于计算机视觉的平视显示器视差测量方法的研究[J].应用光学,2008,29(5):0740.
[7]ZHOU Fengli,XU Danyang.Auto-testing technolo-gy of the HUD optical parallax[J].Opto-ElectronicEngineering,2012,39(8):135-140.周凤利,徐丹旸.平视显示器视差自动测量技术研究[J].光电工程,2012,39(8):135-140.
[8]LI jianchao,GAO Ming,ZHANG Weiguang,et al.Design and implementation of parallax measuring ap-paratus for head-up display[J].Journal of AppliedOptics,2011,32(4):718-722.李建超,高明,张维光,等.平显视差测量系统的设计与实现[J].应用光学,2011,32(4):718-722.
[9]WANG Liwei, WANG Jianzhen.Development ofHUDs on military aircraft in advanced countries[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2007,36(z2):578-582.王立伟,汪健甄.国外军用飞机平视显示器的发展[J].红外与激光工程,2007,36(z2):578-582.
[10]LIU Jun,TIAN Miao.The optical system design ofthe HUD parallax measurement[J].Journal of Xi'anTechnological University,2008,28(6):521-525.刘钧,田苗.平视显示器视差测量仪的光学系统设计[J].西安工业大学学报,2008,28(6):521-525.
[11]TONG Jingbo,CUI Qingfeng,XUE Changxi,et al.Optical design of a offaxis dualchannel helmetmounted display[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2010,30(9):2662-2667.佟静波,崔庆丰,薛常喜,等.离轴双通道头盔显示器光学系统设计[J].光学学报,2010,30(9):2662-2667.
[12]ZHANG X L,ZHOU Q H,WANG Y.An efficientpattern search method[J].Journal of AppliedMathematics and Physics,2013,01(4):68-72.
[13]LI P L,LU H.Pattern search method and artificialneural network prediction of double ellipsoid Heatsource of submerged arc welding[J].Advanced Ma-terials Research,2011,201-203:1825-1833.
[14]MILOUA R,KEBBAB Z,CHIKER F,et al.Deter-mination of layer thickness and optical constants ofthin films by using a modified pattern search method[J].Optics Letters,2012,37(4):449-51.