基于奇异值分解的角度域去噪方法
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摘要
受地层调谐效应和地震数据品质等因素的影响,角度域共成像点道集(angle domain common image gathers,ADCIGs)存在不同程度的波形拉伸和随机噪声干扰。为了提高ADCIGs及其叠加剖面的成像效果,提出了基于奇异值分解的角度域去噪方法。首先对叠前偏移输出的ADCIGs进行奇异值分解,然后对奇异值进行归一化修正,采用累计贡献率的方法确定降噪阶次,从而实现角度域内的信噪分离和噪声压制。在确定降噪阶次时,采用累计贡献率的方法可以直观地判断各奇异值分量对数据的贡献,便于快速选择降噪阶次。理论模型和实际数据的测试处理结果表明,基于奇异值分解的角度域去噪方法适用于具有水平同相轴的ADCIGs,它能有效分离角度域内的随机干扰,并且能压制高角度处的频率畸变,改善大角度数据的品质。对ADCIGs进行基于奇异值分解的角度域去噪,可进一步提高该叠前道集的精度,从而有效改善角度域叠加剖面的信噪比和分辨率,也为基于叠前道集的速度分析和叠前反演提供了更为准确的数据基础。
Due to stratigraphic tuning and the quality of seismic data,angle-domain common image gathers(ADCIGs) are affected by the interference of wave tensions and random noise.A denoising method in the angle domain based on singular value decomposition(SVD) is discussed in this paper,with the aim of improving the quality of ADCIGs and its stack section.First,the SVD is applied to ADCIGs.Subsequently,the order of noise reduction is quantified by the cumulative contribution rate method.All the singular values are normalized and weighted in this method.The contribution of each singular value component to the data can be evaluated intuitively,and the level of noise reduction can be rapidly selected.Finally,signal/noise separation and denoising were performed in the angle domain.Tests on synthetic and field data showed that the proposed denoising method is applicable to ADCIGs with horizontal events,as it can effectively separate the random interference in the angle domain,suppress the frequency distortion,and improve the data quality at high angles.Filtering can further improve the accuracy of ADCIGs,and thus effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the imaging profile in the angle domain.This,in turn,can provide more accurate data for velocity analysis and pre-stack inversion based on pre-stack common image gathers.
Due to stratigraphic tuning and the quality of seismic data,angle-domain common image gathers(ADCIGs) are affected by the interference of wave tensions and random noise.A denoising method in the angle domain based on singular value decomposition(SVD) is discussed in this paper,with the aim of improving the quality of ADCIGs and its stack section.First,the SVD is applied to ADCIGs.Subsequently,the order of noise reduction is quantified by the cumulative contribution rate method.All the singular values are normalized and weighted in this method.The contribution of each singular value component to the data can be evaluated intuitively,and the level of noise reduction can be rapidly selected.Finally,signal/noise separation and denoising were performed in the angle domain.Tests on synthetic and field data showed that the proposed denoising method is applicable to ADCIGs with horizontal events,as it can effectively separate the random interference in the angle domain,suppress the frequency distortion,and improve the data quality at high angles.Filtering can further improve the accuracy of ADCIGs,and thus effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the imaging profile in the angle domain.This,in turn,can provide more accurate data for velocity analysis and pre-stack inversion based on pre-stack common image gathers.
引文
[1] 刘婷婷,陈阳康.f-x域经验模式分解与多道奇异谱分析相结合去除随机噪声[J].石油物探,2016,55(1):67-75LIU T T,CHEN Y K.Random noise attenuation based on EMD and MSSA in f-x domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(1):67-75
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[8] 鲍熙杰,赵海波.CRP道集优化处理对叠前反演的影响[J].石油地质与工程,2013,27(1):39-42BAO X J,ZHAO H B.Effects analysis of CRP gather optimal processing on pre-stack inversion[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2013,27(1):39-42
[9] 刘力辉,杨晓,丁燕,等.基于岩性预测的CRP道集优化处理[J].石油物探,2013,52(5):482-488LIU L H,YANG X,DING Y,et al.CRP gather optimization processing based on lithological prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(5):482-488
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[14] 姜弢,邹艳艳,岳永高,等.基于奇异值分解的角度域地震波束形成方法[J].石油物探,2017,56(5):667-675JIANG T,ZOU Y Y,YUE Y G,et al.Angle domain seismic beam-forming method based on singular value decomposition[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(5):667-675
[15] 马继涛,王建花,刘国昌.基于频率域奇异值分解的地震数据插值去噪方法研究[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):205-213MA J T,WANG J H,LIU G C.Seismic data noise attenuation and interpolation using singular value decomposition in frequency domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):205-213
[16] 张军华,藏胜涛,周振晓,等.地震资料信噪比定量计算及方法比较[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):481-486ZHANG J H,ZANG S T,ZHOU Z X,et al.Quantitative computation and comparison of S/N ratio in seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(4):481-486
[17] 王义,王江云,安洁,等.基于奇异值分解的图像超分辨率重建[J].电子测量技术,2017,40(3):72-76WANG Y,WANG J Y,AN J,et al.Singular value decomposition based image super resolution reconstruction[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2017,40(3):72-76
[18] 王建国,李健,刘颖源.一种确定奇异值分解降噪有效秩阶次的改进方法[J].振动与脉冲,2014,33(12):176-180WANG J H,LI J,LIU Y Y.An improved method for determining effective order rank of SVD de-noising[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(12):176-180
[19] CAO L Y.Practical method for determining the minimum embedding dimension on scalar time series[J].Physical D,1997,110(1/2):43-50
[20] 曾鸣,杨宇,郑近德,等.μ-SVD降噪算法及其在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(3):95-103ZENG M,YANG Y,ZHENG J D,et al.μ-SVD based denoising method and its application to gear fault diagnosis[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(3):95-103
[2] 曹静杰,杨志权,杨勇,等.一种基于曲波变换的自适应地震随机噪声消除方法[J].石油物探,2018,57(1):72-78CAO J J,YANG Z Q,YANG Y,et al.An adaptive seismic random noise elimination method based on Curvelet transform[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(1):72-78
[3] 尚新民.地震资料处理保幅性评价方法综述与探讨[J].石油物探,2014,53(2):188-195SHANG X M.The summary and discussion of amplitude preservation evaluation method in seismic data processing[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(2):188-195
[4] 撒利明,杨午阳,杜启振,等.地震偏移成像技术回顾与展望[J].石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(5):1016-1036SA L M,YANG W Y,DU Q Z,et al.Past present and future of seismic migration imaging[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2015,50(5):1016-1036
[5] 许自龙,孟繁举,唐勇,等.叠前反演数据优化处理技术[J].石油物探,2014,53(4):404-411XU Z L,MENG F J,TANG Y,et al.Seismic data optimization processing techniques for prestack inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2014,53(4):404-411
[6] 周鹏,张益明,刘志斌,等.地震道集优化方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):232-237ZHOU P,ZHANG Y M,LIU Z B,et al.Seismic gather optimization[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(2):232-237
[7] 张岩,任伟建,唐国维.利用多道相似组稀疏表示方法压制随机噪声[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(3):442-450ZHANG Y,REN W J,TANG G W.Random noise suppression based on sparse representation of multi-trace similarity group[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(3):442-450
[8] 鲍熙杰,赵海波.CRP道集优化处理对叠前反演的影响[J].石油地质与工程,2013,27(1):39-42BAO X J,ZHAO H B.Effects analysis of CRP gather optimal processing on pre-stack inversion[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2013,27(1):39-42
[9] 刘力辉,杨晓,丁燕,等.基于岩性预测的CRP道集优化处理[J].石油物探,2013,52(5):482-488LIU L H,YANG X,DING Y,et al.CRP gather optimization processing based on lithological prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(5):482-488
[10] XU S,CHAURIS H,LAMBARE G,et al.Common angle migration:A strategy for imaging complex media[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1877-1894
[11] HOOP M V D,ROUSSEAU J H L,WU R S.Generalization of the phase approximation for the scattering of acoustic waves[J].Wave Motion,2000,31(1):43-70
[12] 郑忆康,王一博,常旭,等.单程波角度域内压制多次波偏移假象[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(12):4584-4593ZHENG Y K,WANG Y B,CHANG X,et al.Eliminating migration artifacts in angle domain based on one-way wave equation migration of multiples[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(12):4584-4593
[13] 赵小龙,吴国忱.基于非稳态匹配的角度域叠前道集去调谐方法[J].物探与化探,2017,41(1):141-146ZHAO X L,WU G C.A non-stationary match method for detuning pre-stack seismic gather in incident angle domain[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2017,41(1):141-146
[14] 姜弢,邹艳艳,岳永高,等.基于奇异值分解的角度域地震波束形成方法[J].石油物探,2017,56(5):667-675JIANG T,ZOU Y Y,YUE Y G,et al.Angle domain seismic beam-forming method based on singular value decomposition[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(5):667-675
[15] 马继涛,王建花,刘国昌.基于频率域奇异值分解的地震数据插值去噪方法研究[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):205-213MA J T,WANG J H,LIU G C.Seismic data noise attenuation and interpolation using singular value decomposition in frequency domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):205-213
[16] 张军华,藏胜涛,周振晓,等.地震资料信噪比定量计算及方法比较[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):481-486ZHANG J H,ZANG S T,ZHOU Z X,et al.Quantitative computation and comparison of S/N ratio in seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2009,44(4):481-486
[17] 王义,王江云,安洁,等.基于奇异值分解的图像超分辨率重建[J].电子测量技术,2017,40(3):72-76WANG Y,WANG J Y,AN J,et al.Singular value decomposition based image super resolution reconstruction[J].Electronic Measurement Technology,2017,40(3):72-76
[18] 王建国,李健,刘颖源.一种确定奇异值分解降噪有效秩阶次的改进方法[J].振动与脉冲,2014,33(12):176-180WANG J H,LI J,LIU Y Y.An improved method for determining effective order rank of SVD de-noising[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(12):176-180
[19] CAO L Y.Practical method for determining the minimum embedding dimension on scalar time series[J].Physical D,1997,110(1/2):43-50
[20] 曾鸣,杨宇,郑近德,等.μ-SVD降噪算法及其在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J].机械工程学报,2015,51(3):95-103ZENG M,YANG Y,ZHENG J D,et al.μ-SVD based denoising method and its application to gear fault diagnosis[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(3):95-103
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