南方酸性红壤区不同土地利用的土壤对镉(Cd)的吸附与解吸
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摘要
研究南方酸性红壤区5种不同土地利用的土壤(马尾松、茶园、稻田、桔园、草莓园)对Cd的吸附-解吸差异性及Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)共存时对土壤吸附Cd的影响.结果表明:当Cd~(2+)的初始质量浓度为40mg·L~(-1)时,Cd的吸附量大小依次为桔园(851.00mg·kg~(-1))>草莓园(808.38mg·kg~(-1))>稻田(778.50mg·kg~(-1))>马尾松(679.38mg·kg~(-1))>茶园(650.56mg·kg~(-1)),而Cd的解吸率表现为茶园(12.00%)>马尾松(9.22%)>稻田(4.61%)>草莓园(3.77%)>桔园(2.28%).Cd的吸附等温线用Henry模型拟合度最高,Cd解吸量与吸附量之间二次幂函数拟合最好.土壤中Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)共存时对土壤吸附Cd的竞争作用随其浓度的增大而增强,Cd在不同土壤中的保留因子大小表现为桔园(62.72)>草莓园(27.85)>稻田(19.09)>马尾松(5.75)>茶园(3.92),Cd在茶园土壤中的环境风险最大.
Five different land use soils(Pinus massoniana forest,tea plantation,paddy soil,orange orchard and strawberry orchard),collected from the acid red soil zone of South China,were analyzed to explore Cd adsorption-desorption characteristics of the soils.The effect of Pb~(2+) and Cu~(2+) on Cd~(2+) adsorption was explored.The research results show that:In terms of Cd adsorption capacity with initial maximum concentrations of Cd added(40 mg·L~(-1) solutions),a decreasing order was observed as orange orchard soil(851.00 mg·kg~(-1))>strawberry orchard soil(808.38 mg·kg~(-1))> paddy soil(778.50 mg·kg~(-1))> Pinus massoniana forest soil(679.38 mg·kg~(-1))>tea plantation soil(650.56 mg·kg~(-1));however,the desorptive rates order of Cd2+was tea plantation soil(12.00%)> Pinus massoniana forest soil(9.22%)> paddy soil(4.61%)> strawberry orchard soil(3.77%)> orange orchard soil(2.28%).Isothermal curves of Cd adsorptioninfivesoilsfitwellto Henry equations.The quadratic equation is the best model to describe the desorption-adsorption process of Cd~(2+).The competitive effect of Pb~(2+) and Cu~(2+) on Cd~(2+) increased with increasing initial concentrations of Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+) and Cd~(2+).The retention factor of Cd in different soils is in the order as orange orchard soil(62.72)> strawberry orchard soil(27.85)> paddy soil(19.09)> Pinus massoniana forest soil(5.75)>tea plantation soil(3.92).The environmental risk of Cd in tea plantation soil is greatest.
Five different land use soils(Pinus massoniana forest,tea plantation,paddy soil,orange orchard and strawberry orchard),collected from the acid red soil zone of South China,were analyzed to explore Cd adsorption-desorption characteristics of the soils.The effect of Pb~(2+) and Cu~(2+) on Cd~(2+) adsorption was explored.The research results show that:In terms of Cd adsorption capacity with initial maximum concentrations of Cd added(40 mg·L~(-1) solutions),a decreasing order was observed as orange orchard soil(851.00 mg·kg~(-1))>strawberry orchard soil(808.38 mg·kg~(-1))> paddy soil(778.50 mg·kg~(-1))> Pinus massoniana forest soil(679.38 mg·kg~(-1))>tea plantation soil(650.56 mg·kg~(-1));however,the desorptive rates order of Cd2+was tea plantation soil(12.00%)> Pinus massoniana forest soil(9.22%)> paddy soil(4.61%)> strawberry orchard soil(3.77%)> orange orchard soil(2.28%).Isothermal curves of Cd adsorptioninfivesoilsfitwellto Henry equations.The quadratic equation is the best model to describe the desorption-adsorption process of Cd~(2+).The competitive effect of Pb~(2+) and Cu~(2+) on Cd~(2+) increased with increasing initial concentrations of Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+) and Cd~(2+).The retention factor of Cd in different soils is in the order as orange orchard soil(62.72)> strawberry orchard soil(27.85)> paddy soil(19.09)> Pinus massoniana forest soil(5.75)>tea plantation soil(3.92).The environmental risk of Cd in tea plantation soil is greatest.
引文
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[19]王金贵,吕家珑,曹莹菲.镉和铅在2种典型土壤中的吸附及其与温度的关系[J].水土保持学报,2012,25(6):254-259.
[20]李玉萍.徐州和苏州土壤中铅铜锌镉的吸附解吸特性研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2007.
[21]符娟林,章明奎,黄昌勇.长三角和珠三角农业土壤对Pb,Cu,Cd的吸附解吸特性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(2):59-64.
[22]李灵,唐辉,张玉,等.南方酸性红壤区5种典型土地利用土壤Pb、Cu的吸附解吸特征[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(5):126-131.
[2]张增强,张一平,全林安,等.镉在土壤中吸持等温线及模拟研究[J].西北农业大学学报,2000,28(5):88-93.
[3]李瑛,张桂银,李洁,等.Cd、Pb在根际与非根际土壤中的吸附解吸特点[J].生态环境,2005,14(2):208-210.
[4]Luis Madrid,Encarnacion Diaz-Barrientos,Fernan Madrid.Distribution of Heavy Metal Contents of Urb Soils in Parks of Seville[J].Chemosphere,2002,49(10):1301-1308.
[5]Sterckeman T,Douay F,Proix N,et al.Vertical Distribution of Cd,Pb and Zn in Soil Near Smelters in the North of France[J].Environmental Pollution,2000:377-389.
[6]樊霆,叶文玲,陈海燕,等.农田土壤重金属污染状况及修复技术研究[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(10):1727-1736.
[7]宋伟,陈百明,刘琳.中国耕地土壤重金属污染概况[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):293-298.
[8]杨欣,陈江华,张艳玲,等.铅、镉在典型植烟土壤中的吸附-解吸特性及环境风险评估[J].烟草科技,2010(3):46-50.
[9]Serranoa S,Garrido F,Campbell C G,et al.Competitive Sorption of Cadmium and Lead in Acid Soils of Central Spain[J].Geoderma,2005,124(1-2):91-104.
[10]Adhikari T,Singh M V.Sorption Characteristics of Lead and Cadmium in Some Soils of India[J].Geoderma,2003,114(1-2):81-92.
[11]陈苏,孙铁衍,孙丽娜,等.Cd2+、Pb2+在根际和非根际土壤中的吸附-解吸行为[J].环境科学,2007,28(4):843-851.
[12]张玉芬,刘景辉,杨彦明,等.通辽地区4种典型土壤对铅、汞、镉和砷的吸附解吸特征[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):111-118.
[13]王金贵.我国典型农田土壤中重金属镉的吸附-解吸特性研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[14]房莉,余健,张彩峰,等.不同土地利用方式土壤对铜、镉离子的吸附解吸特征[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(10):1257-1263.
[15]Yu S,He Z L,Huang C Y,et al.Adsorption-desorption Behavior of Copper at Contaminated Levels in Red Soils from China[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2002,31(4):1129-1136.
[16]Jordi Sastre,Gemma Rauret.Sorption-desorption Tests to Assess the Risk Derived from Metal Contamination in Mineral and Organic Soils[J].Environment International,2007,33(2):246-256.
[17]宗良纲,徐晓炎.土壤中Cd的吸附解吸研究进展[J].生态环境,2003,12(3):331-335.
[18]陈同斌,陈志军.水溶性有机质对土壤中Cd吸附行为的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(2):183-186.
[19]王金贵,吕家珑,曹莹菲.镉和铅在2种典型土壤中的吸附及其与温度的关系[J].水土保持学报,2012,25(6):254-259.
[20]李玉萍.徐州和苏州土壤中铅铜锌镉的吸附解吸特性研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2007.
[21]符娟林,章明奎,黄昌勇.长三角和珠三角农业土壤对Pb,Cu,Cd的吸附解吸特性[J].生态与农村环境学报,2006,22(2):59-64.
[22]李灵,唐辉,张玉,等.南方酸性红壤区5种典型土地利用土壤Pb、Cu的吸附解吸特征[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(5):126-131.
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