免疫炎症因素在癫痫中的作用机制
|
摘要
癫痫是大脑神经元突发性异常放电导致短暂性大脑功能障碍的一种慢性疾病。近年来多项研究都表明癫痫的发作与免疫及炎症关系密切。免疫反应的激活既可能是癫痫的病因也是癫痫的结果。本文旨在归纳和总结免疫炎症因素在癫痫发病中的作用和机制。
Epilepsy is a chronic disease caused by sudden abnormal discharge of brain neurons that causes transient brain dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that epileptogenesis is closely related to immune and inflammation. Activation of the immune response is both the cause of epilepsy and the result of epilepsy. This review aims to generalize and summarize the roles of immuno-inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
Epilepsy is a chronic disease caused by sudden abnormal discharge of brain neurons that causes transient brain dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that epileptogenesis is closely related to immune and inflammation. Activation of the immune response is both the cause of epilepsy and the result of epilepsy. This review aims to generalize and summarize the roles of immuno-inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
引文
[1]Ong MS,Kohane IS,Cai T,et al.Population-levelevidence for an autoimmuneetiology of epilepsy[J].JAMA Neurol,2014,71(5):569-574.
[2]Bien CG,Granata T,Antozzi C,et al.Pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen encephalitis-A European consensus statement[J].Brain,2005,128:454-471.
[3]Vezzani A,Balosso S,Ravizza T.Inflammation and epilepsy[J].Handb Clin Neurol,2012,107:163-175.
[4]Vezzani A,French J,Bartfai T,et al.The role of inflammation inepilepsy[J].Nat Rev Neurol,2011,7:31-40.
[5]欧阳龙强,梁日生,杨卫忠.TLR4信号转导通路与癫痫的研究进展[J].中国免疫学杂志,2012,28(1):88-90,96.Ouyang LQ,Liang RS,Yang WZ.Research progress of TLR4 signaling transduction pathway and epilepsy[J].Chin J Immunol,2012,28(1):88-90,96.
[6]Friedman A,Kaufer D,Heinemann U.Blood-brain barrier break down inducingastrocytic transformation:Novel targets for the preventionof epilepsy[J].Epilepsy Res,2009,85:142-149.
[7]Svan Vliet EA,Da Costa Araujo S,Redeker S,et al.Blood-brain barrier leakage may lead to progression of temporal lobe epilepsy[J].Brain,2007,130:521-534.
[8]Seiffert E,Dreier JP,Ivens S,et al.Lasting blood-brain barrier disruption induces epileptic focus in the rat somatosensory cortex[J].J Neurosci,2004,24(36):7829-7836.
[9]Ivens S,Kaufer D,Flores LP,et al.TGF-beta receptor-mediated albumin uptake into astrocytes is involved in neocortical epileptogenesis[J].Brain,2007,130(Pt 2):535-547.
[10]Albensi BC.Potential roles for tumor necrosis factor and nuclear factor-kappaB in seizure activity[J].J Neurosci Res,2001,66(2):151-154.
[11]Lubin FD,Ren Y,Xu X,et al.Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates seizure threshold and gene transcription following convulsant stimulation[J].J Neurochem,2007,103(4):1381-1395.
[12]Balosso S,Maroso M,Sanchez-Alavez M,et al.A novel non-transcriptional pathway mediates the proconvulsiveeffects of interleukin-1beta[J].Brain,2008,131:3256-3265.
[13]Hu S,Sheng WS,Ehrlich LC,et al.Cytokine effects on glutamate uptake by human astrocytes[J].Neuroimmunomodulation,2000,7:153-159.
[14]Wang S,Cheng Q,Malik S,et al.Interleukin-1beta inhibits gamma aminobutyric acid type A(GABA(A))receptor current in cultured hippocampal neurons[J].J Pharmacol Exp Ther,2000,292:497-504.
[15]Pitknen A,Lukasiuk K.Mechanisms of epileptogenesis and potential treatment targets[J].Lancet Neurol,2011,10(2):173-186.
[16]Dimitris N,Sandkühler X,Sandkühler J.Neurogenic neuroinflammation:inflammatory CNS reactions in response to neuronal activity[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2014,15(1):43-53.
[17]Levite M.Neurotransmitters activate T cells and elicit crucial functions via neurotransmitter receptors[J].Curr Opin Pharmacol,2008,8(4):460-471.
[18]Yu N,Di Q,Liu H,et al.Nuclear factor-kappa B activity regulates brain expression of P-glycoprotein in the kainic acid-induced seizure rats[J].Mediat Inflamm,2011,2011:6706-6713.
[2]Bien CG,Granata T,Antozzi C,et al.Pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen encephalitis-A European consensus statement[J].Brain,2005,128:454-471.
[3]Vezzani A,Balosso S,Ravizza T.Inflammation and epilepsy[J].Handb Clin Neurol,2012,107:163-175.
[4]Vezzani A,French J,Bartfai T,et al.The role of inflammation inepilepsy[J].Nat Rev Neurol,2011,7:31-40.
[5]欧阳龙强,梁日生,杨卫忠.TLR4信号转导通路与癫痫的研究进展[J].中国免疫学杂志,2012,28(1):88-90,96.Ouyang LQ,Liang RS,Yang WZ.Research progress of TLR4 signaling transduction pathway and epilepsy[J].Chin J Immunol,2012,28(1):88-90,96.
[6]Friedman A,Kaufer D,Heinemann U.Blood-brain barrier break down inducingastrocytic transformation:Novel targets for the preventionof epilepsy[J].Epilepsy Res,2009,85:142-149.
[7]Svan Vliet EA,Da Costa Araujo S,Redeker S,et al.Blood-brain barrier leakage may lead to progression of temporal lobe epilepsy[J].Brain,2007,130:521-534.
[8]Seiffert E,Dreier JP,Ivens S,et al.Lasting blood-brain barrier disruption induces epileptic focus in the rat somatosensory cortex[J].J Neurosci,2004,24(36):7829-7836.
[9]Ivens S,Kaufer D,Flores LP,et al.TGF-beta receptor-mediated albumin uptake into astrocytes is involved in neocortical epileptogenesis[J].Brain,2007,130(Pt 2):535-547.
[10]Albensi BC.Potential roles for tumor necrosis factor and nuclear factor-kappaB in seizure activity[J].J Neurosci Res,2001,66(2):151-154.
[11]Lubin FD,Ren Y,Xu X,et al.Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates seizure threshold and gene transcription following convulsant stimulation[J].J Neurochem,2007,103(4):1381-1395.
[12]Balosso S,Maroso M,Sanchez-Alavez M,et al.A novel non-transcriptional pathway mediates the proconvulsiveeffects of interleukin-1beta[J].Brain,2008,131:3256-3265.
[13]Hu S,Sheng WS,Ehrlich LC,et al.Cytokine effects on glutamate uptake by human astrocytes[J].Neuroimmunomodulation,2000,7:153-159.
[14]Wang S,Cheng Q,Malik S,et al.Interleukin-1beta inhibits gamma aminobutyric acid type A(GABA(A))receptor current in cultured hippocampal neurons[J].J Pharmacol Exp Ther,2000,292:497-504.
[15]Pitknen A,Lukasiuk K.Mechanisms of epileptogenesis and potential treatment targets[J].Lancet Neurol,2011,10(2):173-186.
[16]Dimitris N,Sandkühler X,Sandkühler J.Neurogenic neuroinflammation:inflammatory CNS reactions in response to neuronal activity[J].Nat Rev Neurosci,2014,15(1):43-53.
[17]Levite M.Neurotransmitters activate T cells and elicit crucial functions via neurotransmitter receptors[J].Curr Opin Pharmacol,2008,8(4):460-471.
[18]Yu N,Di Q,Liu H,et al.Nuclear factor-kappa B activity regulates brain expression of P-glycoprotein in the kainic acid-induced seizure rats[J].Mediat Inflamm,2011,2011:6706-6713.