提高稠油底水油藏转注井注水效率研究
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摘要
针对稠油底水油藏转注井注入水在正韵律作用下驱油效果差,大部分注入水无效循环等问题,对底水油藏转注井注入水驱油效果差的原因进行了分析,提出了对转注井渗透率锥体型变化带底部进行"置胶成坝"、扩大底水油藏转注井注水波及体积的方法,并利用数值模拟、流线模拟等方法对"置胶成坝"关键参数进行了评价。结果表明:稠油底水油藏转注井注入水驱油效果差的原因是定向井转注后注入水受正韵律及大液量冲刷的影响,在"渗透率锥体型变化带—底水区—生产井波及区"形成"U"形管式无效水循环;"置胶成坝"技术提高了稠油底水油藏转注井注入水的驱油效果。先导试验井组增油效果明显,增油量达40 m~3/d,改变了底水油藏转注井注入水驱油效果差的现状,将底水油藏注水由"注够水"转变为"有效注水"。这种新的注水模式对稠油底水油藏提高转注井注水驱油效果具有重要指导意义。
In view of the problems of poor flooding effect and ineffective circulation of most injection water in heavy oil bottom water reservoir under positive rhythm,the causes of the poor flooding effect of injected water in bottom water reservoir were analyzed. A method was put forward to build a dam by placing glue at the bottom of cone-shaped changing zone of permeability,and to expand the sweep volume of water injection in a bottom water reservoir. The key parameters of the dam were evaluated by numerical simulation and streamline simulation. The results show that the poor effect of injection water flooding in heavy oil bottom water reservoir is due to the effect of positive rhythm and large amount of liquid scouring on injection water after directional well injection,which forms a U-shaped tubular ineffective water cycle in the cone-shaped changing zone of permeability,bottom water zone and production well sweep zone. The technology of"gel dam"improves the flooding effect of injected water in heavy oil bottom water reservoir. The oil increasing effect of pilot test well group is obvious,the daily oil increment is 40 m~3/d. This method changes the poor effect of water flooding in bottom water reservoir,and changes the water flooding in bottom water reservoir from"enough water injection"to"effective water injection". This new water injection model is of great significance for improving the flooding effect of water injection in heavy oil bottom water reservoirs.
In view of the problems of poor flooding effect and ineffective circulation of most injection water in heavy oil bottom water reservoir under positive rhythm,the causes of the poor flooding effect of injected water in bottom water reservoir were analyzed. A method was put forward to build a dam by placing glue at the bottom of cone-shaped changing zone of permeability,and to expand the sweep volume of water injection in a bottom water reservoir. The key parameters of the dam were evaluated by numerical simulation and streamline simulation. The results show that the poor effect of injection water flooding in heavy oil bottom water reservoir is due to the effect of positive rhythm and large amount of liquid scouring on injection water after directional well injection,which forms a U-shaped tubular ineffective water cycle in the cone-shaped changing zone of permeability,bottom water zone and production well sweep zone. The technology of"gel dam"improves the flooding effect of injected water in heavy oil bottom water reservoir. The oil increasing effect of pilot test well group is obvious,the daily oil increment is 40 m~3/d. This method changes the poor effect of water flooding in bottom water reservoir,and changes the water flooding in bottom water reservoir from"enough water injection"to"effective water injection". This new water injection model is of great significance for improving the flooding effect of water injection in heavy oil bottom water reservoirs.
引文
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[14]吴长胤,王玉明,李泽清,等.羊二庄油田底水封堵技术研究应用.钻采工艺,2000,22(5):73-76.WU C Y,WANG Y M,LI Z Q,et al. Research and application of the bottom water plugging technology in Yangerzhuang Oilfield. Drilling&Production Technology,2000,22(5):73-76.
[15]黄凯,张荣晨.压降漏斗法封堵大孔道技术研究及应用.钻采工艺,2007,30(2):77-79.HUANG K,ZHANG R C. Research and application of pressure drop funnel technique for large pore passage plugging.Drilling&Production Technology,2007,30(2):77-79.
[16]刘玉章,吕静,王家禄,等.水平井置胶成坝深部液流转向物理模拟.石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):332-335.LIU Y Z,LYU J,WANG J L,et al. Physical modeling of indepth fluid diversion by“gel dam”placed with horizontal well. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):332-335.
[17]吕静,刘玉章,王家禄,等.水平井置胶成坝深部液流转向数值模拟.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(4):116-120.LYU J,LIU Y Z,WANG J L,et al. Numerical simulation of“gel dam”in-depth fluid diversion technique in horizontal well.Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2011,33(4):116-120.
[18]杜庆龙.长期注水开发砂岩油田储层渗透率变化规律及微观机理.石油学报,2016,37(9):1159-1164.DU Q L. Variation law and microscopic mechanism of permeability in sandstone reservoir during long-term water flooding development. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1159-1164.
[19]张伟,曹仁义,罗东红,等.南海珠江口盆地海相砂岩油藏高倍数水驱驱替特征.油气地质与采收率,2018,25(2):64-71.ZHANG W,CAO R Y,LUO D H,et al. Displacement characteristics of high-multiple water drive in marine sandstone reservoirs in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(2):64-71.
[20]魏开鹏,杨欢,斯容,等.红河油田水平井置胶成坝技术.石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):81-86.WEI K P,YANG H,SI R,et al. Gelation technologies in horizontal wells of the Honghe Oilfield. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):81-86.
[21]张保康,徐国瑞,铁磊磊,等.“堵水+调剖”工艺参数优化和油藏适应评价实验:以渤海SZ36-1油田储层地质和流体条件为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(5):155-161.ZHANG B K,XU G R,TIE L L,et al. Optimization of technological parameters and evaluation of reservoir adaptation by water plugging and profile control:a case from Bohai SZ36-1 oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(5):155-161.
[2]张运来,廖新武,胡勇,等.海上稠油油田高含水期开发模式研究.岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):120-126.ZHANG Y L,LIAO X W,HU Y,et al. Development models for offshore heavy oil field in high water cut stage. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(4):120-126.
[3]许宁,张方礼,王占红,等.巨厚层砂砾岩底水油藏注水开发研究.断块油气田,2004,11(4):30-32.XU N,ZHANG F L,WANG Z H,et al. Water-flood recovery in huge pay layer bottom water reservoir. Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2004,11(4):30-32.
[4] HOTEIT H,FIROOZABADI A. Numerical modeling of diffusion in fractured media for gas-injection and recycling schemes.SPE 103292,2009.
[5]龙明,许亚南,于登飞,等.渤海稠油底水油藏精细定量注水研究:以秦皇岛32-6油田西区为例.中国海上油气,2017,29(4):91-97.LONG M,XU Y N,YU D F,et al. Quantitative optimization of water injection for Bohai heavy oil reservoir with bottom water:a case study of the west block of QHD32-6 oilfield. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):91-97.
[6]廖占山,喻高明,韦燕兰,等.底水油藏流线模拟注水井组配注研究.长江大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(12):64-67.LIAO Z S,YU G M,WEI Y L,et al. Study of streamline numerical simulation on the injection allocation of injection well groups in the reservoirs with bottom water. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition),2015,35(12):64-67.
[7] WIBOWO W,PERMADI P,MARDISEWOJO P,et al. Behavior of water cresting and production performance of horizontal well in bottom water drive reservoir:a scaled model study. SPE87046,2004.
[8]郑小杰,钟伟,段洪泽,等.强底水油藏注水开发可行性研究.断块油气田,2015,22(2):234-236.ZHENG X J,ZONG W,DUAN H Z,et al. Feasibility study of waterflooding development for strong bottom water reservoir.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2015,22(2):234-236
[9]程秋菊,冯文光,彭晓东,等.底水油藏注水开发水淹模式探讨.石油钻采工艺,2012,43(3):91-93.CHENG Q J,FENG W G,PENG X D,et al. Discussion on flooding pattern for bottom water reservoirs driveling by waterinjection. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,43(3):91-93.
[10]张吉磊,龙明,何逸凡,等.渤海Q油田隔夹层发育底水稠油油藏精细注采技术.石油钻探技术,2018,46(2):75-80.ZHANG J L,LONG M,HE Y F,et al. Fine injection-production technology for bottom-water viscous oil reservoirs with interlayers in Baohai Q oilfield. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2018,46(2):75-80.
[11]李传亮.底水油藏的压锥效果分析.大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(5):45-47.LI C L. Analysis on coning control of bottom water reservoir.Petroleum Geology&Oil Field Development in Daqing,2006,25(5):45-47.
[12]刘彦成,王健,戢磊,等.无隔板底水油藏中堵剂位置的确定.新疆石油地质,2010,31(2):186-187.LIU Y C,WANG J,JI L,et al. Determination of blocking agent position in bottom water reservoir without partition board. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(2):186-187.
[13]范凤英.化学凝胶隔板阻断底水锥进矿场试验.钻采工艺,2003,26(4):86-89.FAN F Y. Field testing of shutting off bottom water coning by chemical gelplate. Drilling&Production Technology,2003,26(4):86-89.
[14]吴长胤,王玉明,李泽清,等.羊二庄油田底水封堵技术研究应用.钻采工艺,2000,22(5):73-76.WU C Y,WANG Y M,LI Z Q,et al. Research and application of the bottom water plugging technology in Yangerzhuang Oilfield. Drilling&Production Technology,2000,22(5):73-76.
[15]黄凯,张荣晨.压降漏斗法封堵大孔道技术研究及应用.钻采工艺,2007,30(2):77-79.HUANG K,ZHANG R C. Research and application of pressure drop funnel technique for large pore passage plugging.Drilling&Production Technology,2007,30(2):77-79.
[16]刘玉章,吕静,王家禄,等.水平井置胶成坝深部液流转向物理模拟.石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):332-335.LIU Y Z,LYU J,WANG J L,et al. Physical modeling of indepth fluid diversion by“gel dam”placed with horizontal well. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):332-335.
[17]吕静,刘玉章,王家禄,等.水平井置胶成坝深部液流转向数值模拟.西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(4):116-120.LYU J,LIU Y Z,WANG J L,et al. Numerical simulation of“gel dam”in-depth fluid diversion technique in horizontal well.Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2011,33(4):116-120.
[18]杜庆龙.长期注水开发砂岩油田储层渗透率变化规律及微观机理.石油学报,2016,37(9):1159-1164.DU Q L. Variation law and microscopic mechanism of permeability in sandstone reservoir during long-term water flooding development. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1159-1164.
[19]张伟,曹仁义,罗东红,等.南海珠江口盆地海相砂岩油藏高倍数水驱驱替特征.油气地质与采收率,2018,25(2):64-71.ZHANG W,CAO R Y,LUO D H,et al. Displacement characteristics of high-multiple water drive in marine sandstone reservoirs in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(2):64-71.
[20]魏开鹏,杨欢,斯容,等.红河油田水平井置胶成坝技术.石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):81-86.WEI K P,YANG H,SI R,et al. Gelation technologies in horizontal wells of the Honghe Oilfield. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):81-86.
[21]张保康,徐国瑞,铁磊磊,等.“堵水+调剖”工艺参数优化和油藏适应评价实验:以渤海SZ36-1油田储层地质和流体条件为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(5):155-161.ZHANG B K,XU G R,TIE L L,et al. Optimization of technological parameters and evaluation of reservoir adaptation by water plugging and profile control:a case from Bohai SZ36-1 oilfield. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(5):155-161.
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