工频局部放电试验与雷电冲击耐受试验对GIS内局部电场集中缺陷检测的有效性
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摘要
现场绝缘试验作为气体绝缘金属封闭组合电器(GIS)设备投运前的最后一道关口,是保障GIS设备可靠运行的必要手段。为了明确高电压等级GIS的现场试验有效性,搭建了550 kV GIS真型试验平台,使用母线凸起物作为GIS内部电场集中缺陷,通过改变凸起物曲率半径及长度模拟不同的局部电场集中程度,分别进行工频局部放电试验及雷电冲击耐受试验,得到不同试验程序的检测盲区,从而对其有效性进行分析。结果表明,对于实验所用的550 kV GIS设备,工频局部放电试验对的临界长度随曲率半径减小出现先下降后上升的趋势,能够检测出的凸起物最小长度为4 mm;而雷电冲击耐受试验随曲率半径减小单调下降,能够检测出长度<1 mm的母线凸起物缺陷。工频局部放电试验的检测有效性受到起始条件和放电量条件二者约束。因此,对于现行的GIS设备现场试验标准而言,雷电冲击耐受试验相比于工频局部放电试验能够检测出尺寸更小的局部电场集中缺陷。因此,现阶段现场试验应在工频局部放电试验的基础上,补充开展雷电冲击耐受试验。
On-site insulation test, as the last check before gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear(GIS) being put into operation, is necessary to protect the reliable operation of GIS equipment,. In order to clarify the field test effectiveness of high voltage class GIS, we set up a 550 kV GIS real test platform to make the bus surface protrusions as the internal electric field concentration defects of GIS. By changing the radius of curvature and the length of the protrusions, the local electric field concentration was simulated. The blind spot of the partial discharge test and lightning impulse withstand test were analyzed. The results show that the critical length of the power-frequency partial discharge(PD) test shows a non-monotonous trend as it decreases first and then increases with the curvature radius, and the minimum of the detectable protrusion is 4 mm; the critical length of the lightning impulse(LI) withstand test is consistent with varying curvature radius, and the protrusions with a length less than 1 mm can be detected. In addition, the effectiveness of power frequency PD test is limited by the PD inception criterion and the PD charge criterion. In conclusion, for the current on-site test standard of GIS equipment, the LI withstand test can detect the smaller enhanced partial electric field defect compared with the power frequency PD test. Therefore, at this stage, the LI withstand test should be carried out, except for power frequency PD tests.
On-site insulation test, as the last check before gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear(GIS) being put into operation, is necessary to protect the reliable operation of GIS equipment,. In order to clarify the field test effectiveness of high voltage class GIS, we set up a 550 kV GIS real test platform to make the bus surface protrusions as the internal electric field concentration defects of GIS. By changing the radius of curvature and the length of the protrusions, the local electric field concentration was simulated. The blind spot of the partial discharge test and lightning impulse withstand test were analyzed. The results show that the critical length of the power-frequency partial discharge(PD) test shows a non-monotonous trend as it decreases first and then increases with the curvature radius, and the minimum of the detectable protrusion is 4 mm; the critical length of the lightning impulse(LI) withstand test is consistent with varying curvature radius, and the protrusions with a length less than 1 mm can be detected. In addition, the effectiveness of power frequency PD test is limited by the PD inception criterion and the PD charge criterion. In conclusion, for the current on-site test standard of GIS equipment, the LI withstand test can detect the smaller enhanced partial electric field defect compared with the power frequency PD test. Therefore, at this stage, the LI withstand test should be carried out, except for power frequency PD tests.
引文
[1]SRIVASTAVA K,MORCOS M.A review of some critical aspects of insulation design of GIS/GIL systems[C]∥Proceedings of 2001 IEEEPES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition.Atlanta,USA:IEEE,2001:787-792.
[2]SABOT A,PETIT A,TAILLEBOIS J.GIS insulation co-ordination:on-site tests and dielectric diagnostic techniques,a utility point of view[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996,11(3):1309-1316.
[3]李鹏,李金忠,崔博源,等.特高压交流输变电装备最新技术发展[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1068-1078.LI Peng,LI Jinzhong,CUI Boyuan,et al.Achievements in the newest technology of UHV AC power transmission equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1068-1078.
[4]RIECHERT U,HOLAUS W.Ultra high-voltage gas-insulated switchgear-a technology milestone[J].European Transactions on Electrical Power,2012,22(1):60-82.
[5]LAGHARI J R,QURESHI A H.A review of particle-contaminated gas breakdown[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1981,16(5):388-398.
[6]Joint Working Group 33/23.12.Insulation coordination of GIS:return of experience,on site tests and diagnostic techniques[J].Electra,1998,176:67-97.
[7]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.大容量电力设备标准雷电冲击现场试验技术[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2968-2973.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.On-site test technology of standard lightning impulse for power equipment with large capacitance[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2968-2973.
[8]额定电压72.5 k V及以上气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备:GB/T7674-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages of 72.5 kVand above:GB/T 7674-2008[S].Beijing,China:China Standard Press,2008.
[9]PEARSON J S,FARISH O,HAMPTON B.F,et al.Partial discharge diagnostics for gas insulated substations[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1995,2(5):893-905.
[10]王永强,李建芳,李长元,等.检测GIS局部放电的小型化平面螺旋天线研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1252-1258.WANG Yongqiang,LI Jianfang,LI Changyuan,et al.Study on a miniaturized planar spiral antenna for partial discharge detection in GIS[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1252-1258.
[11]刘云鹏,李岩松,黄世龙,等.基于光纤传输的气体绝缘开关设备局部放电超声波检测系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):186-191.LIU Yunpeng,LI Yansong,HUANG Shilong,et al.Ultrasonic detection system for gas insulated switchgear partial discharge based on optical fiber transmission[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):186-191.
[12]王彩雄,唐志国,常文治,等.气体绝缘组合电器尖端放电发展过程的试验研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(11):157-162.WANG Caixiong,TANG Zhiguo,CHANG Wenzhi,et al.Experimental study on development characteristics of point discharge in GIS[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(11):157-162.
[13]张璐,张乔根,刘石,等.特快速瞬态过电压和雷电冲击作用下特高压GIS绝缘特性[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):335-341.ZHANG LU,ZHANG Qiaogen,LIU Shi,et al.Insulation characteristics of UHV GIS under VFTO and lightning impulse[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):335-341.
[14]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.特高压GIS设备现场标准雷电冲击耐压试验技术的应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):30-33.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.Application of on-site standard lightning impulse test technology for UHV GISequipment[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):30-33.
[15]局部放电测量:GB/T 7354-2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.Partial discharge measurement:GB/T 7354-2003[S].Beijing,China:China Standard Press,2003.
[16]SAITOH H,MORITA K,KIKKAWA T,et al.Impulse partial discharge and breakdown characteristics of rod-plane gaps in N2/SF6 gas mixtures[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2002,9(4):544-550.
[17]VAN BRUNT R J,MISAKIAN M.Mechanisms for inception of DCand 60-Hz AC corona in SF6[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1982,17(2):106-120.
[18]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.特高压GIS设备现场标准雷电冲击耐压试验技术的应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):30-34.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.Application of on-site standard lightning impulse test technology for UHV GISequipment[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):30-34.
[2]SABOT A,PETIT A,TAILLEBOIS J.GIS insulation co-ordination:on-site tests and dielectric diagnostic techniques,a utility point of view[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996,11(3):1309-1316.
[3]李鹏,李金忠,崔博源,等.特高压交流输变电装备最新技术发展[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1068-1078.LI Peng,LI Jinzhong,CUI Boyuan,et al.Achievements in the newest technology of UHV AC power transmission equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1068-1078.
[4]RIECHERT U,HOLAUS W.Ultra high-voltage gas-insulated switchgear-a technology milestone[J].European Transactions on Electrical Power,2012,22(1):60-82.
[5]LAGHARI J R,QURESHI A H.A review of particle-contaminated gas breakdown[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1981,16(5):388-398.
[6]Joint Working Group 33/23.12.Insulation coordination of GIS:return of experience,on site tests and diagnostic techniques[J].Electra,1998,176:67-97.
[7]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.大容量电力设备标准雷电冲击现场试验技术[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2968-2973.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.On-site test technology of standard lightning impulse for power equipment with large capacitance[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2968-2973.
[8]额定电压72.5 k V及以上气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备:GB/T7674-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages of 72.5 kVand above:GB/T 7674-2008[S].Beijing,China:China Standard Press,2008.
[9]PEARSON J S,FARISH O,HAMPTON B.F,et al.Partial discharge diagnostics for gas insulated substations[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1995,2(5):893-905.
[10]王永强,李建芳,李长元,等.检测GIS局部放电的小型化平面螺旋天线研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(4):1252-1258.WANG Yongqiang,LI Jianfang,LI Changyuan,et al.Study on a miniaturized planar spiral antenna for partial discharge detection in GIS[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(4):1252-1258.
[11]刘云鹏,李岩松,黄世龙,等.基于光纤传输的气体绝缘开关设备局部放电超声波检测系统[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):186-191.LIU Yunpeng,LI Yansong,HUANG Shilong,et al.Ultrasonic detection system for gas insulated switchgear partial discharge based on optical fiber transmission[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):186-191.
[12]王彩雄,唐志国,常文治,等.气体绝缘组合电器尖端放电发展过程的试验研究[J].电网技术,2011,35(11):157-162.WANG Caixiong,TANG Zhiguo,CHANG Wenzhi,et al.Experimental study on development characteristics of point discharge in GIS[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(11):157-162.
[13]张璐,张乔根,刘石,等.特快速瞬态过电压和雷电冲击作用下特高压GIS绝缘特性[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):335-341.ZHANG LU,ZHANG Qiaogen,LIU Shi,et al.Insulation characteristics of UHV GIS under VFTO and lightning impulse[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):335-341.
[14]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.特高压GIS设备现场标准雷电冲击耐压试验技术的应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):30-33.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.Application of on-site standard lightning impulse test technology for UHV GISequipment[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):30-33.
[15]局部放电测量:GB/T 7354-2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.Partial discharge measurement:GB/T 7354-2003[S].Beijing,China:China Standard Press,2003.
[16]SAITOH H,MORITA K,KIKKAWA T,et al.Impulse partial discharge and breakdown characteristics of rod-plane gaps in N2/SF6 gas mixtures[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2002,9(4):544-550.
[17]VAN BRUNT R J,MISAKIAN M.Mechanisms for inception of DCand 60-Hz AC corona in SF6[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation,1982,17(2):106-120.
[18]文韬,张乔根,赵军平,等.特高压GIS设备现场标准雷电冲击耐压试验技术的应用[J].电力工程技术,2017,36(1):30-34.WEN Tao,ZHANG Qiaogen,ZHAO Junping,et al.Application of on-site standard lightning impulse test technology for UHV GISequipment[J].Electric Power Engineering Technology,2017,36(1):30-34.