碳包覆坡莫合金纳米颗粒的爆轰法制备及吸波性能研究
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摘要
采用尿素络合硝酸铁、硝酸镍制成的掺杂铁镍离子的安全性复合炸药,爆轰合成了碳包覆纳米坡莫合金复合粒子。通过TEM、XRD、Raman光谱对纳米粒子进行了形貌、结构和成分分析表明,所合成纳米粒子呈球形核壳结构,粒径为40～60nm,中心为铁镍合金核,外包覆层为石墨层与无定形碳。为检验所合成的碳包覆坡莫合金粒子的电磁波吸收性能,将之与石蜡制成复合涂层,通过矢量网格分析仪,在2～18 GHz吸收频段对不同厚度复合涂层进行了电磁损耗能力测定。结果表明,当涂层厚度为2mm时,铁镍原子比1:4纳米粒子的吸波层出现了双吸收峰,峰值分别为-14.6dB (9.7 GHz)和-7.7 dB (14.3 GHz),-10 dB吸收频带范围为8.5～11.8 GHz;而铁镍原子比1:1纳米粒子的吸波层吸收波峰在12.88 GHz,峰值为-30,-10 dB的吸收频带范围为9.7～14.4 GHz,具有较宽吸收频带和优良的吸波性能。
Carbon-encapsulated Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles were synthesized through detonation using safety composite explosive precursors doped with Fe(NO_3)_3·9 H_2O and Ni(NO_3)_2·6 H_2O. The morphology, components, and structure of the synthesized carbon-encapsulated alloy nanoparticles were characterized through X-ray diffraction studies, Raman spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy attached with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS). Results show that the carbon-encapsulated Fe-Ni nanoparticles have a core-shell structure. The grains range from 40 to 60 nm in size and are distributed uniformly. The encapsulated metal core is mainly composed of different proportions of Fe and Ni. The outer shell is composed of graphite and amorphous carbon, and there are also onion carbon formed by the graphitization of diamond clusters in the vicinity of the nanoparticles. The electromagnetic characteristics of Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles composites were measured by Agilent microwave network analyzer in the band of 2～18 GHz.The experimental results show that when the coating is 2 mm in thickness, the absorption layer whose atomic ratio of iron and nickel is 1:4 has double absorption peak, peak values are-14.6 dB(9.7 GHz) and-7.7 dB(14.3 GHz), and the absorption band ranges of -10 dB is from 8.5 to 11.8 GHz. The reflection loss R(dB) of the nanoparticles, whose atomic ratio of iron and nickel is 1:1, reaches to 30 dB at 12.88 GHz,and the absorption band of-10 dB is 9.7～14.4 GHz,which has wide absorption band and excellent absorbing property.
Carbon-encapsulated Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles were synthesized through detonation using safety composite explosive precursors doped with Fe(NO_3)_3·9 H_2O and Ni(NO_3)_2·6 H_2O. The morphology, components, and structure of the synthesized carbon-encapsulated alloy nanoparticles were characterized through X-ray diffraction studies, Raman spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy attached with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS). Results show that the carbon-encapsulated Fe-Ni nanoparticles have a core-shell structure. The grains range from 40 to 60 nm in size and are distributed uniformly. The encapsulated metal core is mainly composed of different proportions of Fe and Ni. The outer shell is composed of graphite and amorphous carbon, and there are also onion carbon formed by the graphitization of diamond clusters in the vicinity of the nanoparticles. The electromagnetic characteristics of Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles composites were measured by Agilent microwave network analyzer in the band of 2～18 GHz.The experimental results show that when the coating is 2 mm in thickness, the absorption layer whose atomic ratio of iron and nickel is 1:4 has double absorption peak, peak values are-14.6 dB(9.7 GHz) and-7.7 dB(14.3 GHz), and the absorption band ranges of -10 dB is from 8.5 to 11.8 GHz. The reflection loss R(dB) of the nanoparticles, whose atomic ratio of iron and nickel is 1:1, reaches to 30 dB at 12.88 GHz,and the absorption band of-10 dB is 9.7～14.4 GHz,which has wide absorption band and excellent absorbing property.
引文
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[2]Dai Hong(代红),He Dan(何丹).Electronic Information Warfare Technology(电子信息对抗技术)[J],2016(6):40
[3]Zhang Yuefang(张月芳),Hao Wanjun(郝万军).New Chemical Materials(化工新型材料)[J],2012(1):13
[4]Liu Shunhua(刘顺华),Liu Junmin(刘军民),Dong Xinglong(董星龙).Electromagnetic Wave Shielding and Absorbing Material(电磁波屏蔽及吸波材料)[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2007
[5]Wuan D.Theory of Magnetism and Applications[M].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press,1996
[6]Su Fang(苏昉),Xie Bin(谢斌),Chen Yunhong(陈允鸿).Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics(高压物理学报)[J],1995(4):247
[7]Tomita M,Saito Y,Hayashi T.Japanese Journal of Applied Physics[J],1993,32:L280
[8]Ruoff R S.Nature[J],1993,366(6456):637
[9]Rodney S.Ruoff D C L B.Science[J],1993,259(5093):346
[10]Zhang X F,Dong X L,Huang H et al.Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2007,454-455:211
[11]Yu Chao(于超).Preliminary Toxicity of Silica-coated MnONanoparticles in Vitro(二氧化硅包覆的MnO纳米粒子在体外的毒性初探)[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Normal University,2014
[12]Tie S,Lee H,Bae Y et al.Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects[J],2007,293(1-3):278
[13]Wang Yonghui(王永辉),Sai Yide(赛义德),Huang Hao(黄昊).Chinese Journal of Materials Research(材料研究学报)[J],2015(2):81
[14]Yu J,Yu H,Gao J et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2017,693:500
[15]Suvarnaphaet P,Tiwary C S,Wetcharungsri J et al.Materials Science and Engineering C[J],2016,69:914
[16]Pramanik A,Kole A K,Krishnaraj R N et al.Journal of Fluorescence[J],2016,26(5):1541
[17]Tiwary C S,Mudakavi R J,Kishore S et al.RSC Advances[J],2016,6:114 344
[18]Pramanik A,Biswas S,Kole A K et al.RSC Advances[J],2016,6:99 060
[19]Yin Hao(尹昊).Study on the Explosive Synthesis and Mechanism of Carbon-based Nanomaterials(碳基纳米材料的爆炸合成及其机理研究)[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2014
[20]Luo N,Li X,Wang X et al.Combustion,Explosion,and Shock Waves[J],2010,46(5):609
[21]Luo N,Li X,Sun Y et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2010,505(1):352
[22]Luo N,Li X,Wang X et al.Carbon[J],2010,48(13):3858
[23]Luo Ning(罗宁),Li Xiaojie(李晓杰),Wang Xiaohong(王小红)et al.Explosion and Shock Waves(爆炸与冲击)[J],2010,30(4):390
[24]Yao Di(姚笛),Guo Ziru(郭子如),Xie Xinghua(谢兴华).Explosive Materials(爆破器材)[J],2012,41(1):4
[25]Hua Zhiming(华志明).Journal of Xinjiang University,Science&Engineering(新疆大学学报,自然科学版)[J],2005(3):299
[26]Zhao S,Sin A.Chemical Reagent[J],2010,32(2):108
[27]Wu C.Technology&Development of Chemical Industry[J],2014,43(10):20
[28]Luo N,Li X,Zhang C.Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics[J],2011,25(2):111
[29]Wu Guozhen(吴国桢).Raman Spectroscopy-Information in Peak Intensity(拉曼谱学-峰强中的信息)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2013
[30]Ferrari A C,Robertson J.Raman Spectroscopy In Carbons:from Nanotubes to Diamond[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007
[31]Du J H,Sun C,Bai S et al.Journal of Materials Research[J],2002,17(5):1232
[32]Cao Jianzhang(曹建章),Zhang Zhengjie(张正阶),Li Jingzhen(李景镇).Theoretical Basis of Electromagnetic Field and Electromagnetic Wave(电磁场与电磁波理论基础)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010
[33]Wei Yongsheng(魏永生),Guo Yubao(郭玉宝),Zhao Xinsheng(赵新生).Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(北京交通大学学报)[J],2015,39(3):95
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