流动儿童社会支持和城市适应的关系:希望和是否独生子女的作用
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摘要
目的:考察流动儿童的社会支持、希望和城市适应之间关系,以及是否独生子女在其中的调节效应。方法:选取464名流动儿童,运用领悟社会支持量表、儿童希望量表和少年儿童社会适应量表进行问卷调查。结果:流动儿童社会支持和城市适应得分在是否独生子女上具有显著性差异,独生子女流动儿童社会支持得分和城市适应得分显著高于非独生子女流动儿童的得分;流动儿童社会支持、希望与城市适应均呈两两正相关(P<0.001),结构方程模型分析显示流动儿童希望在社会支持和城市适应关系中起到部分中介作用;多群组结构方程模型分析显示是否独生子女在流动儿童的社会支持、希望和城市适应关系中起到调节效应,独生子女家庭中,社会支持和希望对流动儿童城市适应的预测作用更大。结论:流动儿童的希望在社会支持和城市适应之间具有部分中介效应;是否独生子女在流动儿童的社会支持、希望和城市适应关系中起到调节效应。
Objective:To explore the relationship between migrant children's social support, hope, only-child or not and urban adaptability. Methods:Totally 464 migrant children were surveyed with the Perceived Social Support Scale, Child Hope Scale, and Social Adaptation Scale for Children and Adolescents(SAS-CA). Results: The social support and urban adaptation scores of migrant children were significantly different in whether they were only-child or not. The social support scores and city adaptation scores of the migrant children of the only-child were significantly higher than those of the migrant children of the non-only-child. Social support, hope and urban adaptation of migrant children were positively correlated with each other(P<0.001). Structural equation modeling analysis indicated that the migrant children's hope partially mediated between social support and urban adaptability. Multi-group structural equation modeling analysis indicated that whether only-child or not moderated among their social support, hope, and urban adaptability. In one-child families, social support and hope play a more important role in predicting the urban adaptation of migrant children. Conclusion:The result shows the migrant children's hope partially mediated between social support and urban adaptability, and whether only-child or not moderated among their social support, hope, and urban adaptability.
Objective:To explore the relationship between migrant children's social support, hope, only-child or not and urban adaptability. Methods:Totally 464 migrant children were surveyed with the Perceived Social Support Scale, Child Hope Scale, and Social Adaptation Scale for Children and Adolescents(SAS-CA). Results: The social support and urban adaptation scores of migrant children were significantly different in whether they were only-child or not. The social support scores and city adaptation scores of the migrant children of the only-child were significantly higher than those of the migrant children of the non-only-child. Social support, hope and urban adaptation of migrant children were positively correlated with each other(P<0.001). Structural equation modeling analysis indicated that the migrant children's hope partially mediated between social support and urban adaptability. Multi-group structural equation modeling analysis indicated that whether only-child or not moderated among their social support, hope, and urban adaptability. In one-child families, social support and hope play a more important role in predicting the urban adaptation of migrant children. Conclusion:The result shows the migrant children's hope partially mediated between social support and urban adaptability, and whether only-child or not moderated among their social support, hope, and urban adaptability.
引文
1 国家统计局.2018年国民经济和社会发展统计公报(第一号).中华人民共和国国家统计局,http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201902/t20190228_1651 265.html,2019-02-28
2 段成荣,梁宏.我国流动儿童状况.人口研究,2004,28(1):53-59
3 王中会.流动儿童的社会认同与融合:现状、成因及干预策略.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2015
4 李强.社会支持与个体心理健康.天津社会科学,1998,(1):67-70
5 Cohen S,Wills T A.Stress,social support,and the buffering hypothesis.Psychological Bulletin,1985,98(2):310-357
6 Cooper S M,Brown C,Metzger I,et al.Racial discrimination and African American adolescents' adjustment:Gender variation in family and community social support,promotive and protective factors.Journal of Child & Family Studies,2013,22(1):15-29
7 Jingxin Z,Xia L,Meifang W.Parent-child cohesion,friend companionship and left-behind children's emotional adaptation in rural China.Child Abuse & Neglect,2015,48:190-199
8 胡韬,刘敏,廖全明.流动儿童的自尊在领悟社会支持与社会适应关系中的中介作用.现代中小学教育,2014,30(1):100-104
9 赵金霞,李振.亲子依恋与农村留守青少年焦虑的关系:教师支持的保护作用.心理发展与教育,2017,(3):361-367
10 范兴华,方晓义,刘杨,等.流动儿童歧视知觉与社会文化适应:社会支持和社会认同的作用.心理学报,2012,44(5):647-663
11 13 47 张岩,杜岸政,周炎根.流动儿童歧视知觉和城市适应的关系:社会支持和认同整合的多重中介效应.中国特殊教育,2017,(8):55-60
12 48 谭千保,龚琳涵.流动儿童父母支持与社会文化适应的关系:积极心理品质的中介作用.中国特殊教育,2017,(6) :69-74
14 15 Hagen K A,Myers B J,Ms V H M.Hope,social support,and behavioral problems in at-risk children.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,2010,75(2) :211-219
16 Reichard R J,Avey J B,Lopez S,et al.Having the will and finding the way:A review and meta-analysis of hope at work.The Journal of Positive Psychology,2013,8(4):292-304
17 20 Snyder C R.Target article:Hope theory:Rainbows in the mind.Psychological Inquiry,2002,13(4) :249-275
18 Snyder C R,Harris C,Anderson J R,et al.The will and the ways:Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1991,60(4) :570-585
19 Snyder C R.The past and possible futures of hope.Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,2000,19(1) :11-28
21 杨新华,朱翠英,杨青松,等.农村留守儿童希望感特点及其与心理行为问题的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(3) :505-507
22 Cheavens J S,Feldman D B,Woodward J T,et al.Hope in cognitive psychotherapies:On working with client strengths.Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy,2006,20(2) :135-145
23 Snyder C R,Cheavens J S,Sympson S C.Hope:An individual motive for social commerce.Group Dynamics:Theory,Research,and Practice,1997,1(2) :107-123
24 Horton T V,Wallander J L.Hope and social support as resilience factors against psychological distress of mothers who care for children with chronic physical conditions.Rehabilitation Psychology,2001,46(4) :382-399
25 Doolittle B R,Farrell M.The Association between spirituality and depression in an urban clinic.Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,2004,6(3) :114-118
26 刘苓,陈蕴.独生与非独生子女初中生的心理特征及家庭精神环境比较.中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(11) :1355-1357
27 30 戴伟民,冯淑兰,余兰琼,等.独生与非独生子女的SC L-90及EPQ对照研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2005,19(4) :256-258
28 Yang B,Ollendick T H,Dong Q,et al.Only children and children with siblings in the People's Republic of China:Levels of fear,anxiety,and depression.Child Development,2010,66(5) :1301-1311
29 罗英姿,王湘,朱熊兆,等.高中生抑郁水平调查及其影响因素研究.中国临床心理学杂志,2008,16(3) :274-277
31 杨明.流动儿童自尊、健康心理资本和社会文化适应特点及其相关性.中国健康教育,2018,(7) :636-639
32 谢敏芳,黄徐婧,李黎,等.流动儿童自我概念、社会支持与学校适应性的关系研究.教育生物学杂志,2018,6(3) :28-33
33 46 Kalmijn M,Werfhorst H G V D.Sibship size and gendered resource dilution in different societal contexts.Plos One,2016,11(8) :e0160953
34 卢永兰,卢春丽.农村留守儿童领悟社会支持与学习倦怠的关系.牡丹江师范学院学报 (哲学社会科学版),2018 ,(6) :139-144
35 姚晓琳,刘洪,郭成.大学生领悟社会支持与社交自尊的关系.中国学校卫生,2010,31(11) :1332-1334
36 肖雪,刘丽莎,徐良苑,等.父母冲突、亲子关系与青少年抑郁的关系:独生与非独生的调节作用.心理发展与教育,2017,33(4) :468-476
37 苏霞,王树青.大学生的人格特质与焦虑的关系:中介效应与调节效应.中国特殊教育,2014,(5) :81-86
38 陈颖娇,彭先桃,付雅琦,等.正念教养与幼儿社会偏好的关系:有调节的中介效应分析.中国临床心理学杂志,2018,26(6) :1173-1177
39 姜乾金.领悟社会支持量表(PSSS).中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(增刊):131-133
40 赵必华,孙彦.儿童希望量表中文版的信效度检验.中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(06) :454-459
41 胡韬.流动少年儿童社会适应的发展特点及影响因素研究.硕士论文.重庆:西南大学,2007
42 Wan C,Fan C,Lin G,et al.Comparison of personality traits of only and sibling school children in Beijing.The Journal of Genetic Psychology,1994,155(4) :377-388
43 Claudy J G,Farrell W S,Dayton C W.The consequences of being an only child:An analysis of project talent data (Final Report).Palo Alto:American Institutes for Research,1979.33-35
44 Falbo T,Poston D L J.Academic personality,and physical outcomes of only children in China.Child Development,2010,64(1) :18-35
45 张丽娟,曹慧,张建新.职高生自我概念、成就目标与心理健康的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2007,15(3) :282-284
2 段成荣,梁宏.我国流动儿童状况.人口研究,2004,28(1):53-59
3 王中会.流动儿童的社会认同与融合:现状、成因及干预策略.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2015
4 李强.社会支持与个体心理健康.天津社会科学,1998,(1):67-70
5 Cohen S,Wills T A.Stress,social support,and the buffering hypothesis.Psychological Bulletin,1985,98(2):310-357
6 Cooper S M,Brown C,Metzger I,et al.Racial discrimination and African American adolescents' adjustment:Gender variation in family and community social support,promotive and protective factors.Journal of Child & Family Studies,2013,22(1):15-29
7 Jingxin Z,Xia L,Meifang W.Parent-child cohesion,friend companionship and left-behind children's emotional adaptation in rural China.Child Abuse & Neglect,2015,48:190-199
8 胡韬,刘敏,廖全明.流动儿童的自尊在领悟社会支持与社会适应关系中的中介作用.现代中小学教育,2014,30(1):100-104
9 赵金霞,李振.亲子依恋与农村留守青少年焦虑的关系:教师支持的保护作用.心理发展与教育,2017,(3):361-367
10 范兴华,方晓义,刘杨,等.流动儿童歧视知觉与社会文化适应:社会支持和社会认同的作用.心理学报,2012,44(5):647-663
11 13 47 张岩,杜岸政,周炎根.流动儿童歧视知觉和城市适应的关系:社会支持和认同整合的多重中介效应.中国特殊教育,2017,(8):55-60
12 48 谭千保,龚琳涵.流动儿童父母支持与社会文化适应的关系:积极心理品质的中介作用.中国特殊教育,2017,(6) :69-74
14 15 Hagen K A,Myers B J,Ms V H M.Hope,social support,and behavioral problems in at-risk children.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,2010,75(2) :211-219
16 Reichard R J,Avey J B,Lopez S,et al.Having the will and finding the way:A review and meta-analysis of hope at work.The Journal of Positive Psychology,2013,8(4):292-304
17 20 Snyder C R.Target article:Hope theory:Rainbows in the mind.Psychological Inquiry,2002,13(4) :249-275
18 Snyder C R,Harris C,Anderson J R,et al.The will and the ways:Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1991,60(4) :570-585
19 Snyder C R.The past and possible futures of hope.Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,2000,19(1) :11-28
21 杨新华,朱翠英,杨青松,等.农村留守儿童希望感特点及其与心理行为问题的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(3) :505-507
22 Cheavens J S,Feldman D B,Woodward J T,et al.Hope in cognitive psychotherapies:On working with client strengths.Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy,2006,20(2) :135-145
23 Snyder C R,Cheavens J S,Sympson S C.Hope:An individual motive for social commerce.Group Dynamics:Theory,Research,and Practice,1997,1(2) :107-123
24 Horton T V,Wallander J L.Hope and social support as resilience factors against psychological distress of mothers who care for children with chronic physical conditions.Rehabilitation Psychology,2001,46(4) :382-399
25 Doolittle B R,Farrell M.The Association between spirituality and depression in an urban clinic.Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry,2004,6(3) :114-118
26 刘苓,陈蕴.独生与非独生子女初中生的心理特征及家庭精神环境比较.中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(11) :1355-1357
27 30 戴伟民,冯淑兰,余兰琼,等.独生与非独生子女的SC L-90及EPQ对照研究.中国心理卫生杂志,2005,19(4) :256-258
28 Yang B,Ollendick T H,Dong Q,et al.Only children and children with siblings in the People's Republic of China:Levels of fear,anxiety,and depression.Child Development,2010,66(5) :1301-1311
29 罗英姿,王湘,朱熊兆,等.高中生抑郁水平调查及其影响因素研究.中国临床心理学杂志,2008,16(3) :274-277
31 杨明.流动儿童自尊、健康心理资本和社会文化适应特点及其相关性.中国健康教育,2018,(7) :636-639
32 谢敏芳,黄徐婧,李黎,等.流动儿童自我概念、社会支持与学校适应性的关系研究.教育生物学杂志,2018,6(3) :28-33
33 46 Kalmijn M,Werfhorst H G V D.Sibship size and gendered resource dilution in different societal contexts.Plos One,2016,11(8) :e0160953
34 卢永兰,卢春丽.农村留守儿童领悟社会支持与学习倦怠的关系.牡丹江师范学院学报 (哲学社会科学版),2018 ,(6) :139-144
35 姚晓琳,刘洪,郭成.大学生领悟社会支持与社交自尊的关系.中国学校卫生,2010,31(11) :1332-1334
36 肖雪,刘丽莎,徐良苑,等.父母冲突、亲子关系与青少年抑郁的关系:独生与非独生的调节作用.心理发展与教育,2017,33(4) :468-476
37 苏霞,王树青.大学生的人格特质与焦虑的关系:中介效应与调节效应.中国特殊教育,2014,(5) :81-86
38 陈颖娇,彭先桃,付雅琦,等.正念教养与幼儿社会偏好的关系:有调节的中介效应分析.中国临床心理学杂志,2018,26(6) :1173-1177
39 姜乾金.领悟社会支持量表(PSSS).中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(增刊):131-133
40 赵必华,孙彦.儿童希望量表中文版的信效度检验.中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(06) :454-459
41 胡韬.流动少年儿童社会适应的发展特点及影响因素研究.硕士论文.重庆:西南大学,2007
42 Wan C,Fan C,Lin G,et al.Comparison of personality traits of only and sibling school children in Beijing.The Journal of Genetic Psychology,1994,155(4) :377-388
43 Claudy J G,Farrell W S,Dayton C W.The consequences of being an only child:An analysis of project talent data (Final Report).Palo Alto:American Institutes for Research,1979.33-35
44 Falbo T,Poston D L J.Academic personality,and physical outcomes of only children in China.Child Development,2010,64(1) :18-35
45 张丽娟,曹慧,张建新.职高生自我概念、成就目标与心理健康的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2007,15(3) :282-284
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