基于EDEM的反转啮合齿轮式排肥器的仿真设计与试验
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摘要
针对外槽轮式排肥器排肥流量均匀性不高的问题,设计了一种反转啮合齿轮式排肥器,利用排肥盒内设置的啮合排肥齿轮反向啮合传动将肥料经齿槽从两侧连续交替排出,提高排肥流量均匀性,并通过试验检验其排肥性能。对反转啮合齿轮式排肥器排肥量和流量进行理论分析,确定对排肥量和流量的数学模型。为比较反转啮合齿轮式排肥器与外槽轮式排肥器排肥流量均匀性高低,在保持排肥器结构参数不变的情况下,设计单因素试验,选取硫酸钾为试验肥料,以排肥轮转速为试验因素,以排肥均匀性为试验指标,设计对比仿真试验,转速分别为30,45,60,75,90r·min-1。利用EDEM建立排肥器离散元仿真模型,进行仿真试验,采集试验数据并对采集数据进行统计分析。结果表明:反转啮合齿轮式排肥器排肥流量均匀性系数均值较外槽轮式排肥器提高32.0%,且方差分析结果显示排肥轮转速对反转啮合齿轮式排肥器排肥流量均匀性有极显著影响(p<0.0001)。拟合反转啮合齿轮式排肥器排肥流量均匀性随转速变化规律方程,拟合方程相关系数R2=0.9754。随机选取转速为40,65,73,86r·min-1,对拟合方程进行验证试验,计算验证试验均匀性系数均值并与拟合方程结果进行对比,验证试验结果较拟合结果误差均小于2%。
Aiming at the problem of low flow uniformity of outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus, a reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus was designed. The reverse meshing transmission of meshing gear set in the fertilizer box was used to continuously and alternately discharge fertilizer from both sides through the slots, so as to improve the flow uniformity. which continuous alternately discharges fertilizer by reverse rotation meshing gears and the uniformity of the fertilizer flow increases consequently. The fertilizer discharge performance was tested by experiments. The mathematical model of the amount and flow was determined based on the theoretical analysis of the amount and flow of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus.In order to compare the flow uniformity between reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus and outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus, a single factor test was designed. The potassium sulfate was selected as the test fertilizer, the rotating speed of the fertilizer wheel was took as the test factor, and the sex is the test index, five sets of comparative simulation tests were designed which the speeds were 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 r·min-1. The EDEM was used to establish the discrete element simulation model of the fertilizer apparatus, and the simulation experiment was carried out. The test data was collected and analyzed. The results showed that the average value of flow uniformity coefficient of reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus was 32.0%, which higher than the flow uniformity coefficient of outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus. The rotating speed of the fertilizer wheel has a significant influence on the flow uniformity of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus(p<0.0001). Fitting the equation of flow uniformity with rotating speed of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus, the correlation coefficient of fitting equation R2=0.9754. The fitting experiment was carried out to verify the test, the rotating speed were selected at speeds of 40,65, 73, 86 r·min-1. The mean value of the test uniformity coefficient and the results of the fitted equation were calculated. In contrast, the error of the verification test results is less than 2% compared with the fitting result.
Aiming at the problem of low flow uniformity of outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus, a reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus was designed. The reverse meshing transmission of meshing gear set in the fertilizer box was used to continuously and alternately discharge fertilizer from both sides through the slots, so as to improve the flow uniformity. which continuous alternately discharges fertilizer by reverse rotation meshing gears and the uniformity of the fertilizer flow increases consequently. The fertilizer discharge performance was tested by experiments. The mathematical model of the amount and flow was determined based on the theoretical analysis of the amount and flow of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus.In order to compare the flow uniformity between reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus and outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus, a single factor test was designed. The potassium sulfate was selected as the test fertilizer, the rotating speed of the fertilizer wheel was took as the test factor, and the sex is the test index, five sets of comparative simulation tests were designed which the speeds were 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 r·min-1. The EDEM was used to establish the discrete element simulation model of the fertilizer apparatus, and the simulation experiment was carried out. The test data was collected and analyzed. The results showed that the average value of flow uniformity coefficient of reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus was 32.0%, which higher than the flow uniformity coefficient of outer-fluted of fertilizer apparatus. The rotating speed of the fertilizer wheel has a significant influence on the flow uniformity of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus(p<0.0001). Fitting the equation of flow uniformity with rotating speed of the reverse rotation meshing gear fertilizer apparatus, the correlation coefficient of fitting equation R2=0.9754. The fitting experiment was carried out to verify the test, the rotating speed were selected at speeds of 40,65, 73, 86 r·min-1. The mean value of the test uniformity coefficient and the results of the fitted equation were calculated. In contrast, the error of the verification test results is less than 2% compared with the fitting result.
引文
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[19]顿国强,陈海涛,冯夷宁,等.基于EDEM软件的肥料调配装置关键部件参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(7):36-42.
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[21]翟建波,夏俊芳,周勇,等.气力式水稻精量穴直播排种器排种性能试验[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2018,49(2):158-164.
[22]李娜,赵满全,刘飞,等.气吸式谷子精量排种器性能试验研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(5):122-128.
[23]吕金庆,衣淑娟,陶桂香,等.马铃薯播种机分体式滑刀开沟器参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):44-54.
[24]严伟,吴努,顾峰玮,等.叶片式抛送装置功耗试验研究与参数优化[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(7):99-106.
[25]顿国强,杨永振,陈海涛,等.基于EDEM的控位分层施肥开沟器作业过程的仿真与试验[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,44(1):95-100.
[2]陈桂芬,马丽,陈航.精准施肥技术的研究现状与发展趋势[J].吉林农业大学学报,2013,35(3):253-259.
[3]宿宁.精准农业变量施肥控制技术研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2016.
[4]胡永光,杨叶成,肖宏儒,等.茶园施肥机离心撒肥过程仿真与参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(5):77-82.
[5]王金峰,高观保,翁武雄,等.水田侧深施肥装置关键部件设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(6):92-104.
[6]齐兴源,周志艳,杨程,等.稻田气力式变量施肥机关键部件的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(6):20-26.
[7]陈潇然.深松施肥机变量施肥控制试验平台的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[8]吕昊.外槽轮排肥器优化设计新方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[9]陈雄飞,王在满,罗锡文,等.2BDF-3.0型同步深施肥水稻穴直播机的设计与试验[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2018,49(3):309-314.
[10]张恩平,王维念,张淑红.长期定位施肥条件下土壤活性有机碳变化及其与土壤速效养分的相关性[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2014,45(5):528-532.
[11]施印炎,陈满,汪小旵,等.稻麦精准追肥机执行机构的设计与试验[J].华南农业大学学报,2015,36(6):119-124.
[12]施印炎,陈满,汪小旵,等.稻麦精准变量施肥机排肥性能分析与试验[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(7):97-103.
[13]杨洲,朱卿创,孙健峰,等.基于EDEM和3D打印成型的外槽轮排肥器排肥性能研究[J].农机化研究,2018,40(5):175-180.
[14]汪博涛.基于离散元法的外槽轮排肥器工作过程仿真与参数优化[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.
[15]顿国强,马再波,毕如奇,等.反转啮合齿轮式排肥器:中国专利, 201720561723.8[P].2017.05.19.
[16]喻开清.齿轮泵流量脉动分析与优化设计[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006
[17]郭龙.外啮合齿轮泵内部流场瞬态数值模拟研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2017.
[18]王文,尹艳美,贺尚红,等.齿轮式机油泵齿形对流量特性的影响分析[J].食品与机械,2016,32(12):92-95.
[19]顿国强,陈海涛,冯夷宁,等.基于EDEM软件的肥料调配装置关键部件参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(7):36-42.
[20]金丽丽,姬长英,方会敏,等.变量施肥机连续混合装置中肥料颗粒运动的数值分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(2):261-265.
[21]翟建波,夏俊芳,周勇,等.气力式水稻精量穴直播排种器排种性能试验[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2018,49(2):158-164.
[22]李娜,赵满全,刘飞,等.气吸式谷子精量排种器性能试验研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(5):122-128.
[23]吕金庆,衣淑娟,陶桂香,等.马铃薯播种机分体式滑刀开沟器参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):44-54.
[24]严伟,吴努,顾峰玮,等.叶片式抛送装置功耗试验研究与参数优化[J].中国农业大学学报,2017,22(7):99-106.
[25]顿国强,杨永振,陈海涛,等.基于EDEM的控位分层施肥开沟器作业过程的仿真与试验[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,44(1):95-100.