收入不平等、经济增长与财政支出偏向
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摘要
在存在财政支出偏向的视角下考察收入不平等与中国经济增长之间的关系。首先通过建立数理模型,从理论上说明收入不平等、经济增长与财政支出偏向三者之间的关系。随后,通过建立面板计量模型进行经验研究,检验理论模型的结论。研究结果表明:其一,当政府存在财政支出偏向时,收入不平等对中国的经济增长有正向效应;其二,财政支出增加总体上有利于中国经济增长,但不利于收入不平等程度的缩小。收入不平等程度过高是内需不足的一个重要原因,治理中国经济结构失衡要求调整政府的财政支出结构,适当减少生产性公共品的供给,增加公共福利性支出,扭转政府在财政支出方面的城市偏向政策。
The perspective of the presence of fiscal expenditure biased,the paper re-examines the relationship between income inequality and economic growth in China. By establishing a mathematical model theoretically,we first explain income inequality,economic growth and fiscal expenditure bias the relationship between the three.Subsequently,through the establishment of the panel econometric model,we test the conclusions of the theoretical model. Results of the study showed that:( 1) When the government expenditure bias exists,the income inequality has a positive effect on the China's economic growth;( 2) The increase of the fiscal expenditure is generally beneficial to the China's economic growth,but it is not conducive to the reduction of the degree of income inequality.High degree of the income inequality is an important reason of insufficient domestic demand. The governance of the imbalance of China's economic structure requires government to adjust the fiscal expenditure structure,appropriate to reduce the supply of productive public goods,increasing the public welfare spending,and reversing the urban biased policies in the government fiscal expenditure.
The perspective of the presence of fiscal expenditure biased,the paper re-examines the relationship between income inequality and economic growth in China. By establishing a mathematical model theoretically,we first explain income inequality,economic growth and fiscal expenditure bias the relationship between the three.Subsequently,through the establishment of the panel econometric model,we test the conclusions of the theoretical model. Results of the study showed that:( 1) When the government expenditure bias exists,the income inequality has a positive effect on the China's economic growth;( 2) The increase of the fiscal expenditure is generally beneficial to the China's economic growth,but it is not conducive to the reduction of the degree of income inequality.High degree of the income inequality is an important reason of insufficient domestic demand. The governance of the imbalance of China's economic structure requires government to adjust the fiscal expenditure structure,appropriate to reduce the supply of productive public goods,increasing the public welfare spending,and reversing the urban biased policies in the government fiscal expenditure.
引文
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[17]Beck T,A Demirgüc-Kunt,R Levine.Finance,Inequality and the Poor[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2007,12(1):27-49.
[2]傅勇,张晏.中国式分权与财政支出结构偏向:为增长而竞争的代价[J].管理世界,2007,(3).
[3]陆铭,陈钊.城市化、城市倾向的经济政策与城乡收入差距[J].经济研究,2004,(6).
[4]贺大兴,姚洋.社会平等、中性政府与中国经济增长[J].经济研究,2011,(1).
[5]Kuznets,Simon.Economic Growth and Income Inequality[J].American Economic Review,1955,45(1):1-28.
[6]Kaldor,Nicholas.Alternative Theories of Distribution[J].Review of Economic Studies,1955,23(2):83-100.
[7]Matsuyama,Kiminori.Endogenous Inequality[J].Review of Economic Studies,2000,67(4):743-759.
[8]Rosenzweig Mark R,Hans P Binswanger.Wealth,Weather Risk and the Composition and Profitability of Agricultural Investments[R].World Bank Publications,1992.
[9]Foellmi Reto,Josef Zweimueller.Income Distribution and Demand-Induced Innovations[J].Review of Economic Studies,2006,73(4):941-960.
[10]Perotti Roberto.Political Equilibrium,Income Distribution,and Growth[J].Review of Economic Studies,1993,60(4):755-776.
[11]Barro Robert J.Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogeneous Growth[J].Journal of Political Economy,1990,98(S5):103-125.
[12]陈安平,杜金沛.中国的财政支出与城乡收入差距[J].统计研究,2010,27(11).
[13]邓旋.财政支出规模、结构与城乡收入不平等——基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析[J].经济评论,2011,(4).
[14]Halter Daniel,Manuel Oechslin,Josef Zweimüller.Inequality and Growth:The Neglected Time Dimension[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2014,19(1):81-104.
[15]Kanbur Ravi,Zhang Xiaobo.Fifty Years of Regional Inequality in China:A Journey Through Central Planning,Reform and Openness[J].Review of Development Economics,2005,9(1):87-106.
[16]田卫民.省域居民收入基尼系数测算及其变动趋势分析[J].经济科学,2012,(2).
[17]Beck T,A Demirgüc-Kunt,R Levine.Finance,Inequality and the Poor[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2007,12(1):27-49.
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