郴州市家庭农场现状研究和发展策略建议
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摘要
从人员结构和经营情况方面,对郴州市1 203个家庭农场经营者年龄、文化程度和职业经历进行统计,发现郴州家庭农场存在土地流转困难、基础设施建设薄弱、劳动力成本高、缺乏资金来源、缺乏配套设施用地和缺乏产品销售途径等问题,家庭农场经营者年龄偏大,受教育程度不高,大多为普通农民职业背景,缺乏先进农业生产技术和经营管理理念。然后归类分析了家庭农场经营的主要产业类型,发现种植业是家庭农场的经营主要形式,种养结合经营比例高于养殖业,生态循环型和休闲农业型等现代农业综合体相对较少。最后在对郴州市家庭农场现有优势分析和产业发展现实困难归纳的基础上,提出了发展适度规模家庭农场、培养新型职业家庭农场主、谋划现代家庭农场发展路线、创新家庭农场经营模式和树立风险防范意识等可持续发展策略,以期为产业发展提供参考依据。
From the personnels structure and management situation, the age, educational level and professional experience of 1 203 family farm managers in Chenzhou City are analyzed. It is found that there are some problems in Chenzhou family farms, such as difficulties in land transfer, infrastructure construction, high labor cost, lack of capital sources, lack of land for supporting facilities and lack of ways to sell products. Family farm managers are on the side of age. Most of them are ordinary peasants and lack of advanced agricultural production technology and management concepts. Then it classifies and analyses the main industrial types of family farm management,and finds that planting is the main form of family farm management. The proportion of combination management of planting and breeding is higher than that of breading industry, and the modern agricultural complexes such as ecological circulation and leisure agriculture are relatively few. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the existing advantages of family farms in Chenzhou and the summary of the practical difficulties in industrial development, the sustainable development strategies of developing moderate-scale family farms, cultivating new professional family farmers, planning the development route of modern family farms, innovating the management mode of family farms and establishing risk prevention awareness are put forward, which provide reference for industrial development.
From the personnels structure and management situation, the age, educational level and professional experience of 1 203 family farm managers in Chenzhou City are analyzed. It is found that there are some problems in Chenzhou family farms, such as difficulties in land transfer, infrastructure construction, high labor cost, lack of capital sources, lack of land for supporting facilities and lack of ways to sell products. Family farm managers are on the side of age. Most of them are ordinary peasants and lack of advanced agricultural production technology and management concepts. Then it classifies and analyses the main industrial types of family farm management,and finds that planting is the main form of family farm management. The proportion of combination management of planting and breeding is higher than that of breading industry, and the modern agricultural complexes such as ecological circulation and leisure agriculture are relatively few. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the existing advantages of family farms in Chenzhou and the summary of the practical difficulties in industrial development, the sustainable development strategies of developing moderate-scale family farms, cultivating new professional family farmers, planning the development route of modern family farms, innovating the management mode of family farms and establishing risk prevention awareness are put forward, which provide reference for industrial development.
引文
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[4]屈学书.我国家庭农场发展问题研究[D].太原:山西财经大学,2014.
[5]夏玉莲.农地流转的效益研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014.
[2]涂维亮,乜堪雄.中国家庭农庄的发展趋势·存在问题和发展路径选择[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(8):1703-1705.
[3]王嘉康.浅谈家庭农场的发展[J].上海农村经济,2011(6):37-40.
[4]屈学书.我国家庭农场发展问题研究[D].太原:山西财经大学,2014.
[5]夏玉莲.农地流转的效益研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014.
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