低压深井连续油管气举工艺的应用
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摘要
针对肯基亚克油田盐下石炭系油藏低压高产深井因地层压力保持度低导致停产的复产难题,分析了常规多级气举的下入深度技术受限原因,创新性地提出将连续油管速度管柱和气举技术结合应用于盐下油田井深超过4 000 m的采油井,效果良好,在国内外属首次使用,并获得了哈萨克斯坦国家专利(№1951от22,12,2016г)。理论上,连续油管下放越深,井底流压越低,较大的生产压差有利于地层出液可有效释放油井潜能,同时配合气举得到较好的排采效果。目前盐下注气管网压力到配气间114 atm,模拟计算得出连续油管悬挂深度> 4 000 m,正好满足目的井层的排采需求,并通过连续油管入井试验得到了验证。此技术带压作业,不污染储层,同时解决了压井后产量恢复较难的问题,该技术的应用降低了井底流压,排出了井底及近井地带高含水积液,清除了近井地带堵塞,单井复产后增油效果良好,并可持续安全生产。该技术获得现场成功应用,4口井累积增产原油42 627 t,有效改善了因地层压力低或是常规气举无法复产等原因导致的停产井。该技术的成功应用获得了良好增油效果和经济效益,为油价持续不振的情况下降本增效提供了技术突破与保障。
In view of the difficulties in resuming production after shutdown of the low-pressure high-productivity deep wells in Carboniferous reservoirs in pre-salt Kenjiyake oilfield due to poor formation pressure maintenance,the reasons why the setting depth of conventional multistage-gas lift tools is limited were analyzed,and an innovative approach,i. e.,the combination of coiled tubing( as a velocity string) and gas lift technology was proposed for wells with a depth exceeding 4 000 m in pre-salt oilfields. This approach was carried out for the first time worldwide,and has won the national patent of Kazakhstan( №1951 от 22,12,2016г). Theoretically,the deeper the coiled tubing is lowered,the lower the bottom hole flowing pressure is. A larger drawdown will facilitate the formation fluid influx,bring the well potential into full play,and finally achieve a better drainage and production effect in combination with gas lift. At present,the pressure at the gas distribution station of the injection pipe network is114 atm,and the setting depth of coiled tubing can be 4,000 m or more as suggested by simulating calculation,which exactly satisfies the drainage and production requirements of target zones. This calculation has been verified by a pilot test on running of coiled tubing. This technology works under snubbing conditions,doesn't contaminate reservoirs and meanwhile overcomes the difficulties in resuming production after well killing. The application of this technology reduces the bottom-hole flowing pressure,removes the high water-cut liquid loading at hole bottom and in the vicinity of it,and eliminates the plugging thereof. Reasonable incremental production has been realized in individual wells upon resuming production,achieving sustainable safe production. This technology was successfully applied on the site; the total incremental production from 4 wells reached 42 627 t. The shutdown wells caused by low formation pressure or failure of production resumption by conventional gas lift were effectively utilized. The successful application of this technology has generated a good effect in incremental production,and provides a technological breakthrough and guarantee for cost-effective operations under the condition of long-lasting sluggish oil price.
In view of the difficulties in resuming production after shutdown of the low-pressure high-productivity deep wells in Carboniferous reservoirs in pre-salt Kenjiyake oilfield due to poor formation pressure maintenance,the reasons why the setting depth of conventional multistage-gas lift tools is limited were analyzed,and an innovative approach,i. e.,the combination of coiled tubing( as a velocity string) and gas lift technology was proposed for wells with a depth exceeding 4 000 m in pre-salt oilfields. This approach was carried out for the first time worldwide,and has won the national patent of Kazakhstan( №1951 от 22,12,2016г). Theoretically,the deeper the coiled tubing is lowered,the lower the bottom hole flowing pressure is. A larger drawdown will facilitate the formation fluid influx,bring the well potential into full play,and finally achieve a better drainage and production effect in combination with gas lift. At present,the pressure at the gas distribution station of the injection pipe network is114 atm,and the setting depth of coiled tubing can be 4,000 m or more as suggested by simulating calculation,which exactly satisfies the drainage and production requirements of target zones. This calculation has been verified by a pilot test on running of coiled tubing. This technology works under snubbing conditions,doesn't contaminate reservoirs and meanwhile overcomes the difficulties in resuming production after well killing. The application of this technology reduces the bottom-hole flowing pressure,removes the high water-cut liquid loading at hole bottom and in the vicinity of it,and eliminates the plugging thereof. Reasonable incremental production has been realized in individual wells upon resuming production,achieving sustainable safe production. This technology was successfully applied on the site; the total incremental production from 4 wells reached 42 627 t. The shutdown wells caused by low formation pressure or failure of production resumption by conventional gas lift were effectively utilized. The successful application of this technology has generated a good effect in incremental production,and provides a technological breakthrough and guarantee for cost-effective operations under the condition of long-lasting sluggish oil price.
引文
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8 郭晓乐,龙芝辉,齐成伟.连续管钻小井眼水平井水力学分析[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(26):7781-7784,7797Guo Xiaole,Long Zhihui,Qi Chengwei. Hydraulics analysis of horizontal slimhole using coiled tube drilling method[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(26):7781-7784,7797
9 张朔,王方祥,刘德正,等.连续油管冲砂洗井技术在水平井中的应用[J].石油化工应用,2018,37(10):34-36,41Zhang Shuo,Wang Fangxiang,Liu Dezheng,et al. Application of continuous tubing sand washing technology in horizontal wells[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2018,37(10):34-36,41
10 俞宏伟,姜一超.连续油管冲砂解堵在水平井中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(32):8018-8021Yu Hongwei,Jiang Yichao. Application of coiled tubing sand washing and flushing technology in horizontal well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(32):8018-8021
2 王海涛,李相方.连续油管技术在井下作业中的应用现状及思考[J].石油钻采工艺,2008,30(6):120-124Wang Haitao,Li Xiangfang. Application situation and thinking about coiled tubing techniques in downhole operation[J]. Oil Drilling and Production Technology,2008,30(6):120-124
3 李春霞,郝琦,马春艳.负压泵连续气举采油技术及其优越性[J].辽宁化工,2015,44(6):741-742Li Chunxia,Hao Qi,Ma Chunyan. Negative pressure pump continuous gas lift oil recovery technique and its advantages[J]. Liaoning Chemical Industry,2015,44(6):741-742
4 刘莎莉.连续气举采油方法研究[D].荆州:长江大学,2015Liu Shali. Study on continuous gas lift production method[D]. Jingzhou:Yangtze University,2015
5 马卫国,黄林华,段凯,等.连续油管作业过程中的张力与控制[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(24):177-180,223Ma Weiguo,Huang Linhua,Duan Kai,et al. Tension and control of coiled tubing in operation process[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(24):177-180,223
6 王鹏,王凤山,张倩.环空加砂压裂管柱流体压降分析及现场应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(13):178-181Wang Peng,Wang Fengshan,Zhang Qian. Pressure loss analysis and field application of annual delivery sand fracturing[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(13):178-181
7 李军亮,廖锐全,郭新.等压降连续气举优化设计[J].石油天然气学报,2014,36(7),140-143,8-9Li Junliang,Liao Ruiquan,Guo Xin. Optimal design of Isobaric pressure-drop continuous gas lift[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2014,36(7),140-143,8-9
8 郭晓乐,龙芝辉,齐成伟.连续管钻小井眼水平井水力学分析[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(26):7781-7784,7797Guo Xiaole,Long Zhihui,Qi Chengwei. Hydraulics analysis of horizontal slimhole using coiled tube drilling method[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(26):7781-7784,7797
9 张朔,王方祥,刘德正,等.连续油管冲砂洗井技术在水平井中的应用[J].石油化工应用,2018,37(10):34-36,41Zhang Shuo,Wang Fangxiang,Liu Dezheng,et al. Application of continuous tubing sand washing technology in horizontal wells[J].Petrochemical Industry Application,2018,37(10):34-36,41
10 俞宏伟,姜一超.连续油管冲砂解堵在水平井中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(32):8018-8021Yu Hongwei,Jiang Yichao. Application of coiled tubing sand washing and flushing technology in horizontal well[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(32):8018-8021