董箐库区水环境变化对鱼类分布影响
|
摘要
为了解北盘江董箐库区鱼类资源密度及影响其时空分布因素,于2015年4月至2015年12月在董箐库区干流、坝前及支流区域进行4次走航监测,首次采用EY60回声探测仪对水体的鱼类资源进行探测分析,同步利用HydrolabDS5多参数水质分析仪和VectrinoPlus声学多普勒点式流速仪进行水质和流速的监测.监测结果发现:干流区域(Ⅰ~Ⅳ分区)的鱼类资源密度要显著高于其他区域,鱼类密度最大区域均值达13.58±5.84ind/1 000m3.通过主成分分析及Pearson相关性分析提取了影响鱼类分布的3个主成分,分别为溶氧、浊度和pH.经spss分析发现:董箐库区鱼类资源密度与水体中溶氧值显著相关,与浊度和pH呈微弱相关,其Pearson相关系数分别为0.639、0.292、0.236.空间分布上,董箐库区鱼类资源对流速具有较为明显的选择性,且鱼类资源大多集中在流态稳定,水面较为开阔的流速较大的水体(干流Ⅰ、Ⅱ分区).
Four times of investigation were carried out from April to December in 2015 to understand the density of fish resources in the Dongqing Reservoir;EY60 was used for the first time to detect the fish resources in the study.The water quality and velocity were monitored by HydrolabDS5 and VectrinoPlus at the same time.The results showed that the density of fish resources in the main stream(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)was significantly higher than that in other regions;and the highest regional density was 13.58±5.84 ind/1 000 m3.The main components affecting the distribution of fish were extracted by principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis,which were DO,turbidity and pH.The SPSS analysis found that Pearson correlation coefficients are 0.639,0.292,0.236 respectively,which demonstrates the density of fish resources is significantly associated with the value of DO,while the turbidity and pH has weak correlation.In the spatial distribution,the fish resources in the Dongqing Reservoir area have obvious selectivity to the flow velocity;and most of the fish resources are concentrated in the water(the main stream Ⅰ and Ⅱ)withstableflow.
Four times of investigation were carried out from April to December in 2015 to understand the density of fish resources in the Dongqing Reservoir;EY60 was used for the first time to detect the fish resources in the study.The water quality and velocity were monitored by HydrolabDS5 and VectrinoPlus at the same time.The results showed that the density of fish resources in the main stream(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)was significantly higher than that in other regions;and the highest regional density was 13.58±5.84 ind/1 000 m3.The main components affecting the distribution of fish were extracted by principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis,which were DO,turbidity and pH.The SPSS analysis found that Pearson correlation coefficients are 0.639,0.292,0.236 respectively,which demonstrates the density of fish resources is significantly associated with the value of DO,while the turbidity and pH has weak correlation.In the spatial distribution,the fish resources in the Dongqing Reservoir area have obvious selectivity to the flow velocity;and most of the fish resources are concentrated in the water(the main stream Ⅰ and Ⅱ)withstableflow.
引文
[1]汤娇雯,张富,陈兆波.我国鱼类生物多样性保护策略[J].淡水渔业,2009,39(4):75-79.
[2]张慧杰,杨德国,危起伟,等.葛洲坝至古老背江段鱼类的水声学调查[J].长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(1):86-91.
[3]任玉芹,陈大庆,刘绍平,等.三峡库区澎溪河鱼类时空分布特征的水声学研究[J].生态学报,2012,32(6):1734-1744.
[4]周路,张竹青,林艳红,等.梯级开发对北盘江中下游鱼类资源的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(10):134-137.
[5]刘慧杰,王从锋,刘德富,等.双频识别声呐在鱼类资源调查中的应用进展[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(3):28-34.
[6]张赞,蔺丹清,汤勇,等.基于声学测量方法的大伙房水库鱼类资源季节变动特征[J].南方水产科学,2014,10(6):12-19.
[7]孙明波,谷孝鸿,曾庆飞,等.基于水声学方法的太湖鱼类空间分布和资源量评估[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(1):99-107.
[8]周家飞,王从锋,刘德富,等.葛洲坝下游近坝区水域鱼类资源声学调查与评估[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(11):1551-1557.
[9]Foote K G.Fish Target Strengths for Use in Echo Integrator Surveys[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1987,82(3):981-987.
[10]Misund O A.Underwater Acoustics in Marine Fisheries and Fisheries Research[J].Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,1997,7(1):1-34.
[11]王得祥.水流紊动对鱼类影响实验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.
[12]Filho D W,Torres M A,Zaniboni-Filho E,et al.Effect of Different Oxygen Tensions on Weight Gain,Feed Conversion,and Antioxidant Status in Piapara,Leporinus Elongatus(Valenciennes,1847)[J].Aquaculture,2005,244(1):349-357.
[13]王珂.三峡库区鱼类时空分布特征及与相关因子关系分析[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2013.
[14]杨凯,樊启学,张磊,等.溶氧水平对黄颡鱼稚鱼摄食、生长及呼吸代谢的影响[J].淡水渔业,2010,40(2):24-29.
[15]刘淑德.长江口及其邻近海域鱼类浮游生物群落结构特征研究[D].青岛:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2009.
[16]Imre I,Dlg M L R.Phenotypic Plasticity in Brook Charr:Changes in Caudal fin Induced by Water Flow[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2002,61(5):1171-1181.
[17]袁喜,李丽萍,涂志英,等.鱼类生理和生态行为对河流生态因子响应研究进展[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012(S1):24-29.
[18]熊锋,王从锋,刘德富,等.葛洲坝1号船闸启闭闸门对近闸区域鱼类活动规律的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2014,35(5):8-14.
[2]张慧杰,杨德国,危起伟,等.葛洲坝至古老背江段鱼类的水声学调查[J].长江流域资源与环境,2007,16(1):86-91.
[3]任玉芹,陈大庆,刘绍平,等.三峡库区澎溪河鱼类时空分布特征的水声学研究[J].生态学报,2012,32(6):1734-1744.
[4]周路,张竹青,林艳红,等.梯级开发对北盘江中下游鱼类资源的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2011,39(10):134-137.
[5]刘慧杰,王从锋,刘德富,等.双频识别声呐在鱼类资源调查中的应用进展[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(3):28-34.
[6]张赞,蔺丹清,汤勇,等.基于声学测量方法的大伙房水库鱼类资源季节变动特征[J].南方水产科学,2014,10(6):12-19.
[7]孙明波,谷孝鸿,曾庆飞,等.基于水声学方法的太湖鱼类空间分布和资源量评估[J].湖泊科学,2013,25(1):99-107.
[8]周家飞,王从锋,刘德富,等.葛洲坝下游近坝区水域鱼类资源声学调查与评估[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(11):1551-1557.
[9]Foote K G.Fish Target Strengths for Use in Echo Integrator Surveys[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1987,82(3):981-987.
[10]Misund O A.Underwater Acoustics in Marine Fisheries and Fisheries Research[J].Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,1997,7(1):1-34.
[11]王得祥.水流紊动对鱼类影响实验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.
[12]Filho D W,Torres M A,Zaniboni-Filho E,et al.Effect of Different Oxygen Tensions on Weight Gain,Feed Conversion,and Antioxidant Status in Piapara,Leporinus Elongatus(Valenciennes,1847)[J].Aquaculture,2005,244(1):349-357.
[13]王珂.三峡库区鱼类时空分布特征及与相关因子关系分析[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2013.
[14]杨凯,樊启学,张磊,等.溶氧水平对黄颡鱼稚鱼摄食、生长及呼吸代谢的影响[J].淡水渔业,2010,40(2):24-29.
[15]刘淑德.长江口及其邻近海域鱼类浮游生物群落结构特征研究[D].青岛:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2009.
[16]Imre I,Dlg M L R.Phenotypic Plasticity in Brook Charr:Changes in Caudal fin Induced by Water Flow[J].Journal of Fish Biology,2002,61(5):1171-1181.
[17]袁喜,李丽萍,涂志英,等.鱼类生理和生态行为对河流生态因子响应研究进展[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012(S1):24-29.
[18]熊锋,王从锋,刘德富,等.葛洲坝1号船闸启闭闸门对近闸区域鱼类活动规律的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2014,35(5):8-14.