松辽盆地德惠断陷火石岭组天然气成藏机理
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摘要
火石岭组是德惠断陷深层天然气有利的勘探层位。在分析研究区构造演化史的基础上,对火石岭组典型的气藏进行精细解剖,结合地震、测井、钻井等基础资料,并综合轻烃、烃源岩、流体包裹体等分析测试数据,对德惠断陷深层火石岭组的天然气成藏机理进行了研究。结果表明,火石岭组烃源岩有机碳(TOC)平均含量大于1.0%,生烃潜力(S_1+S_2)的均值范围为0.5～2.0 mg/g,有机质类型多以Ⅱ_1～Ⅱ_2型为主,Ⅲ型为辅,有机质已达到成熟,成熟度(R_o)均值为1.5%,烃源岩具有较大的生烃潜力。火石岭组下部天然气来源于火石岭组烃源岩,而火石岭组上部天然气以火石岭组烃源岩生气为主,但受上覆沙河子组烃源岩混源影响。天然气运移以垂向断裂输导为主,层内砂体横向输导为辅。基于流体包裹体分析,结合火石岭组气藏气源对比与烃源岩生排烃期,认为火石岭组天然气藏存在三期成藏:130 Ma左右,对应营城组沉积初期;115～105 Ma左右,对应泉头组沉积期;95～75 Ma左右,对应青山口组—嫩江组沉积期。
The Huoshiling Formation is a favorable exploration layer for deep natural gas in the Dehui fault depression. Based on the analysis of the tectonic evolution in the study area, typical gas reservoirs in the Huoshiling Formation are dissected in detail. Combined with the basic seismic, well logging, and drilling data, integrated analyses of light hydrocarbon, source rock, and fluid inclusion data were used to study the gas accumulation mechanism of the deep Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui fault depression. The results show that the average total organic carbon(TOC) of the source rocks in the Huoshiling Formation is more than 1.0%, and the average value of S_1+S_2 is 0.5-2.0 mg/g. The types of the source rock are mainly Type Ⅱ_1-Ⅱ_2, and Type Ⅲ is supplemented. The organic matter has reached maturity, The R_o mean value is 1.5%, and source rocks have greater potential for hydrocarbon generation. The natural gas in the lower part of the Huoshiling Formation comes from the source rock of the Huoshiling Formation, and the natural gas in the upper part of the Huoshiling Formation is mainly derived from the source rocks of the Huoshiling Formation but is influenced by the source of the overlying Shahezi Formation. The migration of natural gas is dominated by vertical fault propagation, and the lateral transport of sand bodies in the reservoir is supplemented. Based on the analyses of fluid inclusions, gas-source correlation, and hydrocarbon generation and the expulsion of source rocks, three episodes of hydrocarbon migration can be identified, namely 130 Ma, corresponding to the deposition of the Yingcheng Formation, 115-105 Ma, corresponding to the Quantou Formation, and 95-75 Ma, corresponding to the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation-Nenjiang Formation.
The Huoshiling Formation is a favorable exploration layer for deep natural gas in the Dehui fault depression. Based on the analysis of the tectonic evolution in the study area, typical gas reservoirs in the Huoshiling Formation are dissected in detail. Combined with the basic seismic, well logging, and drilling data, integrated analyses of light hydrocarbon, source rock, and fluid inclusion data were used to study the gas accumulation mechanism of the deep Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui fault depression. The results show that the average total organic carbon(TOC) of the source rocks in the Huoshiling Formation is more than 1.0%, and the average value of S_1+S_2 is 0.5-2.0 mg/g. The types of the source rock are mainly Type Ⅱ_1-Ⅱ_2, and Type Ⅲ is supplemented. The organic matter has reached maturity, The R_o mean value is 1.5%, and source rocks have greater potential for hydrocarbon generation. The natural gas in the lower part of the Huoshiling Formation comes from the source rock of the Huoshiling Formation, and the natural gas in the upper part of the Huoshiling Formation is mainly derived from the source rocks of the Huoshiling Formation but is influenced by the source of the overlying Shahezi Formation. The migration of natural gas is dominated by vertical fault propagation, and the lateral transport of sand bodies in the reservoir is supplemented. Based on the analyses of fluid inclusions, gas-source correlation, and hydrocarbon generation and the expulsion of source rocks, three episodes of hydrocarbon migration can be identified, namely 130 Ma, corresponding to the deposition of the Yingcheng Formation, 115-105 Ma, corresponding to the Quantou Formation, and 95-75 Ma, corresponding to the deposition of the Qingshankou Formation-Nenjiang Formation.
引文
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[19] Yielding G, Freeman B, Needham D T. Quantitative fault seal prediction[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1997, 81(6): 897-917.
[20] 付广,杨勉. 利用断裂填充物中泥质含量研究断层封闭性的改进方法[J]. 江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):1-4. [Fu Guang, Yang Mian. Improved method for studying fault closure by using shale content in fault filling materials[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 2002, 24(1): 1-4.]
[2] 杨悦舒,刘洛夫,徐正建,等. 松辽盆地南部德惠断陷下白垩统营城组碎屑岩储层成岩作用及成岩相[J]. 东北石油大学学报,2017,41(3):52-62,72. [Yang Yueshu, Liu Luofu, Xu Zhengjian, et al. Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation sandstones in the Dehui fault depression in the southern Songliao Basin, China[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2017, 41(3): 52-62, 72.]
[3] 葛荣峰,张庆龙,王良书,等. 松辽盆地构造演化与中国东部构造体制转换[J]. 地质论评,2010,56(2):180-195. [Ge Rongfeng, Zhang Qinglong, Wang Liangshu, et al. Tectonic evolution of Songliao Basin and the prominent tectonic regime transition in eastern China[J]. Geological Review, 2010, 56(2): 180-195.]
[4] 李会光,薛海涛,黄文彪,等. 德惠断陷深层源岩勘探前景[J]. 科学技术与工程,2011,11(27):6578-6582. [Li Huiguang, Xue Haitao, Huang Wenbiao, et al. Hydrocarbon source rock exploration potential of deep layer in Dehui fault depression[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2011, 11(27): 6578-6582.]
[5] 赵志魁,赵占银,曹跃,等. 吉林探区深层天然气勘探前景[J]. 中国石油勘探,2003,8(3):6-12. [Zhao Zhikui, Zhao Zhanyin, Cao Yue, et al. Exploration prospect of deep gas in Jilin oilfield[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2003, 8(3): 6-12.]
[6] 白新华,罗群. 松辽盆地梨树与德惠凹陷地震地层的划分对比[J]. 大庆石油学院学报,1996,20(4):1-6. [Bai Xinhua, Luo Qun. Seismic-stratigraphic division and correlation between Lishu and Dehui depresions in Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute, 1996, 20(4): 1-6.]
[7] Ren J Y, Tamaki K, Li S T, et al. Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic setting in eastern China and adjacent areas[J]. Tectonophysics, 2002, 344(3/4): 175-205.
[8] Sruoga P, Rubinstein N. Processes controlling porosity and permeability in volcanic reservoirs from the Austral and Neuquen basins, Argentina[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2007, 91(1): 115-129.
[9] 赵文智,邹才能,冯志强,等. 松辽盆地深层火山岩气藏地质特征及评价技术[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):129-142. [Zhao Wenzhi, Zou Caineng, Feng Zhiqiang, et al. Geological features and evaluation techniques of deep-seated volcanic gas reservoirs, Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2008, 35(2): 129-142.]
[10] 郭巍,于文祥,刘招君,等. 松辽盆地南部埋藏史[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2009,39(3):353-360. [Guo Wei, Yu Wenxiang, Liu Zhaojun, et al. The burial history of the southern Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2009, 39(3): 353-360.]
[11] 张居和,李景坤,闫燕. 徐深1井深层天然气地球化学特征与各类气源岩的贡献[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2005,26(4):501-504,511. [Zhang Juhe, Li Jingkun, Yan Yan. Geochemical features of natural gas in deep reservoirs in Xushen 1 Well and contribution of various source rocks[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2005, 26(4): 501-504, 511.]
[12] 赵力彬,黄志龙,马玉杰,等. 松辽盆地南部德惠断陷深层天然气地球化学特征及成因[J]. 天然气地球科学,2006,17(2):177-182. [Zhao Libin, Huang Zhilong, Ma Yujie, et al. A study on geochemical character and origin of deep natural gas in Dehui fault depression of the southern Songliao Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(2): 177-182.]
[13] 申宝剑,黄智龙,刘洪文,等. 天然气气源对比研究方法进展[J]. 天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):269-274. [Shen Baojian, Huang Zhilong, Liu Hongwen, et al. Advances in the study of gas and source rock correlation[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2007, 18(2): 269-274.]
[14] 申家年,梁爽. 德惠断陷火石岭组天然气气源对比[J]. 重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2015,17(6):1-4,9. [Shen Jianian, Liang Shuang. Natural gas source correlation of Huoshiling Formation in Dehui fault depression[J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology (Natural Sciences Edition), 2015, 17(6): 1-4, 9.]
[15] 赵玉涛,邵明礼,贾可心,等. 松辽盆地德惠断陷华家构造带深层储层油气成藏期次:来自流体包裹体证据[J]. 东北石油大学学报,2017,41(1):73-81. [Zhao Yutao, Shao Mingli, Jia Kexin, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation stages of deep reservoir in Huajia tectonic zone of Dehui Depression of Songliao Basin based on evidence of fluid inclusions[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2017, 41(1): 73-81.]
[16] 陈红汉. 油气成藏年代学研究进展[J]. 石油与天然气地质,2007,28(2):143-150. [Chen Honghan. Advances in geochronology of hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2007, 28(2): 143-150.]
[17] 冯子辉,任延广,王成,等. 松辽盆地深层火山岩储层包裹体及天然气成藏期研究[J]. 天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):436-442. [Feng Zihui, Ren Yanguang, Wang Cheng, et al. Study on inclusion of deep buried igneous reservoir and forming period of gas pool in Songliao Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2003, 14(6): 436-442.]
[18] 卢双舫,孙慧,王伟明,等. 松辽盆地南部深层火山岩气藏成藏主控因素[J]. 大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(5):42-47. [Lu Shuangfang, Sun Hui, Wang Weiming, et al. Key factors controlling the accumulation of volcanic gas reservoirs in the deep part of southern Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute, 2010, 34(5): 42-47.]
[19] Yielding G, Freeman B, Needham D T. Quantitative fault seal prediction[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1997, 81(6): 897-917.
[20] 付广,杨勉. 利用断裂填充物中泥质含量研究断层封闭性的改进方法[J]. 江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):1-4. [Fu Guang, Yang Mian. Improved method for studying fault closure by using shale content in fault filling materials[J]. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 2002, 24(1): 1-4.]