海上“落鱼”井实施打捞与侧钻方案的经济分析
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摘要
井下"落鱼"打捞工期的不确定性导致施工成本不可控,制定合理的打捞经济决策点至关重要。本文以渤海油田某"落鱼"井为例,不打捞"落鱼"则需在"落鱼"上部进行套管开窗侧钻,为两开井身结构,打捞"落鱼"则在套管鞋下裸眼侧钻,为一开井身结构,放弃打捞或者盲目打捞都并非最经济的方案。通过对冲砂打捞工期进行量化,提出了经济工期和决策工期,通过现场尝试冲砂打捞作业,在决策工期内分析其作业难度,并判断是否能够在经济工期内完成作业,最大程度降低总体实施成本,提高油田开发经济效益。渤海油田A井应用该决策方法,共节约费用近420万元。提出的"落鱼"井打捞经济工期和决策工期计算方法具有一定的推广价值。
The uncertainty of fishing schedules makes operation costs uncontrollable, and it is of vital importance to formulate a proper economic decision point. This paper takes a certain fishing well in Bohai Oilfield as an example. Sidetracking from above the fish was necessary without fishing, or from below the casing shoe with fishing. Abandoning fishing or fishing blindly was not the most economical solution. The two concepts i. e., the economic operation period and the decision-making period, were proposed by quantifying the fishing period. Through field fishing attempts, the difficulty of the operation was analyzed during the decision-making period, and it was determined whether the operation can be completed within the economic period; thus minimizing overall operation costs and improving economic benefits of oilfield development. This decision-making method was applied at Well A in Bohai Oilfield, saving a total of nearly 4.2 million. The calculation method for the economic fishing period and the decision-making period proposed in this paper is worthy of promotion.
The uncertainty of fishing schedules makes operation costs uncontrollable, and it is of vital importance to formulate a proper economic decision point. This paper takes a certain fishing well in Bohai Oilfield as an example. Sidetracking from above the fish was necessary without fishing, or from below the casing shoe with fishing. Abandoning fishing or fishing blindly was not the most economical solution. The two concepts i. e., the economic operation period and the decision-making period, were proposed by quantifying the fishing period. Through field fishing attempts, the difficulty of the operation was analyzed during the decision-making period, and it was determined whether the operation can be completed within the economic period; thus minimizing overall operation costs and improving economic benefits of oilfield development. This decision-making method was applied at Well A in Bohai Oilfield, saving a total of nearly 4.2 million. The calculation method for the economic fishing period and the decision-making period proposed in this paper is worthy of promotion.
引文
[1] 赵少伟,范白涛,岳文凯,等.海上高效侧钻小井眼水平井钻完井技术研究及应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2016,43(3):13-18.ZHAO Shaowei,FAN Baitao,YUE Wenkai,et al.Research and application of offshore drilling and completion technology of efficient sidetracking slim-hole horizontal well[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2016,43(3):13-18.
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[3] 王恒.裸眼侧钻关键技术的研究与应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2011,38(10):26-29.WANG Heng.Research on key technology of sidetracking in open hole and the application[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2011,38(10):26-29.
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[6] 宋国超.割捞一体技术在渤海油田的应用[J].中国石油石化,2017,(10):73-75.SONG Guochao.Application of cutting integrated technology in Bohai Oilfield[J].China Petrochem,2017,(10):73-75.
[7] 李瑞峰,林俊文,张浩.渤海某油田水平井裸眼同层侧钻技术应用[J].海洋石油,2018,38(1):69-71,81.LI Ruifeng,LIN Junwen,ZHANG Hao.Application of sidetracking technology at the same layer in horizontal well in Bohai Oilfeld[J].Offshore Oil,2018,38(1):69-71,81.
[8] 庞炳章,牟小军,胡伟杰,等.开窗侧钻技术在埕北油田的应用[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(2):116-117.PANG Bingzhang,MOU Xiaojun,HU Weijie,et al.Application of casing milling sidetracking technology in Chengbei Oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(2):116-117.
[9] 司念亭,周赵川,陈立群,等.套铣技术优化及其在渤海油田大修井中的应用[J].石油机械,2014,42(11):138-141,146.SI Nianting,ZHOU Zhaochuan,CHEN Liqun.Optimization and application of washover technology in Bohai Oilfield[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(11):138-141,146.
[10] 刘卫坡,刘晖,韩联合,等.表层套管侧钻取生产套管技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(4):40-42.LIU Weipo,LIU Hui,HAN Lianhe,et al.Application of retrieving cemented production casing technology to sidetrack surface casing[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2012,34(4):40-42.
[11] 崔国杰,张晓诚,刘军波,等.小井眼开窗侧钻水平井技术在秦皇岛32-6油田的应用[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(2):68-72.CUI Guojie,ZHANG Xiaocheng,LIU Junbo,et al.Development and application of slim hole sidetracking technology package in QHD 32-6 Oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(2):68-72.
[12] 金鑫,张飞,王占领,等.小井眼侧钻水平井钻完井工艺在QHD32-6油田的应用[J].海洋石油,2011,31(3):89-92.JIN Xin,ZHANG Fei,WANG Zhanling,et al.Application of horizontal well sidetrack drilling and completion in slim hole in QHD32-6 Oilfield[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(3):89-92.
[13] 吴占民,王占领,王赞,等.海上同层侧钻井实施方案优选方法[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(7):41-43.WU Zhanmin,WANG Zhanling,WANG Zan,et al.Optimization method for offshore same layer sidetracking scheme[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(7):41-43.
[14] 赵少伟,范白涛,杨秋荣,等.海上油气田低效井侧钻技术[J].船海工程,2015,(6):144-148.ZHAO Shaowei,FAN Baitao,YANG Qiurong,et al.On side tracking technology in inefficient well in Bohai reservoir[J].Ship & Ocean Engineering,2015,(6):144-148.
[15] 韩耀图,林家昱,谢涛,等.渤海油田水平砾石充填井防砂管柱打捞技术的应用[J].中外能源,2016,21(5):58-62.HAN Yaotu,LIN Jiayu,XIE Tao,et al.Application of fishing sand filtering tubes technology of gravel packed horizontal wells in Bohai Oilfield[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(5):58-62.
[16] 陈建庆,章桂庭.裸眼水平井防砂管内冲砂技术探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(5):131-133.CHEN Jianqing,ZHANG Guiting.Discussion on sand washing method inside sand control screen in open-hole horizontal wells[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(5):131-133.
[17] 罗永贵,王年友,王红阳,等.水力内割刀与可退式捞矛在打捞深孔事故钻杆中的应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2015,42(2):60-63.LUO Yonggui,WANG Nianyou,WANG Hongyang,et al.Application of hydraulic internal cutter and retrievable spear for drill rod fishing in deep hole[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2015,42(2):60-63.
[18] 胡茂中,鄢泰宁.FN-1井复杂条件下深井侧钻技术分析[J].探矿工程,2002,(1):47-48.HU Maozhong,YAN Taining.Technical analysis on the side tracking under adverse conditions in deep section of FN-1 Well[J].Exploration Engineering,2002,(1):47-48.
[19] 李贵宾,马金山,邱明川.南堡1-83井传输测井断钻具事故处理[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(6):104-105,123.LI Guibin,MA Jinshan,QIU Mingchuan.Treatment of broken drill string accident in Nanpu 1-83 Well transmission logging[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2012,35(6):104-105,123.
[20] 和鹏飞.海上低成本侧钻调整井的可行性研究与实施[J].海洋工程装备与技术,2016,3(4):212-216.HE Pengfei.Technology of side track adjustment well with low cost in Bohai Oilfield[J].Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology,2016,3(4):212-216.
[21] 沈园园,朱宽亮,王在明,等.南堡潜山油气藏小井眼开窗侧钻技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(5):573-576.SHEN Yuanyuan,ZHU Kuanliang.WANG Zaiming,et al.Window side-tracking in slim hole well of Nanpu buried-hill hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2016,38(5):573-576.
[22] 宋维华,左灵,温林荣.可替代打水泥塞侧钻的裸眼侧钻新方式[J].西部探矿工程,2013,25(5):88-90.SONG Weihua,ZUO Ling,WEN Linrong.A new open-hole sidetracking method instead of cement plug sidetracking[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2013,25(5):88-90.
[23] 王兴忠,杨峰,朱传云,等.超深侧钻井螺杆断落事故处理与预防[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(6):100-102,110.WANG Xingzhong,YANG Feng,ZHU Chuanyun,et al.Treatment and prevention of mud motor breaking incident in ultra-deep side-track drilling[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2017,40(6):100-102,110.
[24] 马发明.事故井裸眼侧钻技术实践[J].钻采工艺,1998,(3):24-26,3.MA Faming.Practice of lateral drilling technique in open holes with accident[J].Drilling & Production Technology,1998,(3):24-26,3.
[25] 李勇政,卓云,陈涛,等.龙岗69高温超深井短距离悬空侧钻技术[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(5):93-95.LI Yongzheng,ZHUO Yun,CHEN Tao,et al.Short-distance sidetracking without cement plug or whip stock in Longgang 69 high temperature ultra-deep well[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2016,39(5):93-95.
[2] 罗鸣,顾纯巍,杜威.半潜式钻井平台水平井裸眼侧钻技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(3):20-22.LUO Ming,GU Chunwei,DU Wei.Sidetracking technology for horizontal open hole on semi-submersible drilling platforms[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2014,36(3):20-22.
[3] 王恒.裸眼侧钻关键技术的研究与应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2011,38(10):26-29.WANG Heng.Research on key technology of sidetracking in open hole and the application[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2011,38(10):26-29.
[4] 和鹏飞,袁则名.海洋油气开采低产水平井同层侧钻技术的分析与实践[J].海洋工程装备与技术,2017,4(2):69-73.HE Pengfei,YUAN Zeming.Application of sidetracking technology to same layer of inefficient wells in offshore oil and gas exploitation[J].Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology,2017,4(2):69-73.
[5] 王晓鹏,韩耀图.渤海油田低效井侧钻技术应用前景分析[J].非常规油气,2015,2(5):61-65.WANG Xiaopeng,HAN Yaotu.Application prospect of sidetrack drilling technology for inefficient wells in Bohai Oilfield[J].Unconventional Oil & Gas,2015,2(5):61-65.
[6] 宋国超.割捞一体技术在渤海油田的应用[J].中国石油石化,2017,(10):73-75.SONG Guochao.Application of cutting integrated technology in Bohai Oilfield[J].China Petrochem,2017,(10):73-75.
[7] 李瑞峰,林俊文,张浩.渤海某油田水平井裸眼同层侧钻技术应用[J].海洋石油,2018,38(1):69-71,81.LI Ruifeng,LIN Junwen,ZHANG Hao.Application of sidetracking technology at the same layer in horizontal well in Bohai Oilfeld[J].Offshore Oil,2018,38(1):69-71,81.
[8] 庞炳章,牟小军,胡伟杰,等.开窗侧钻技术在埕北油田的应用[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(2):116-117.PANG Bingzhang,MOU Xiaojun,HU Weijie,et al.Application of casing milling sidetracking technology in Chengbei Oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(2):116-117.
[9] 司念亭,周赵川,陈立群,等.套铣技术优化及其在渤海油田大修井中的应用[J].石油机械,2014,42(11):138-141,146.SI Nianting,ZHOU Zhaochuan,CHEN Liqun.Optimization and application of washover technology in Bohai Oilfield[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(11):138-141,146.
[10] 刘卫坡,刘晖,韩联合,等.表层套管侧钻取生产套管技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(4):40-42.LIU Weipo,LIU Hui,HAN Lianhe,et al.Application of retrieving cemented production casing technology to sidetrack surface casing[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2012,34(4):40-42.
[11] 崔国杰,张晓诚,刘军波,等.小井眼开窗侧钻水平井技术在秦皇岛32-6油田的应用[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(2):68-72.CUI Guojie,ZHANG Xiaocheng,LIU Junbo,et al.Development and application of slim hole sidetracking technology package in QHD 32-6 Oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(2):68-72.
[12] 金鑫,张飞,王占领,等.小井眼侧钻水平井钻完井工艺在QHD32-6油田的应用[J].海洋石油,2011,31(3):89-92.JIN Xin,ZHANG Fei,WANG Zhanling,et al.Application of horizontal well sidetrack drilling and completion in slim hole in QHD32-6 Oilfield[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(3):89-92.
[13] 吴占民,王占领,王赞,等.海上同层侧钻井实施方案优选方法[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(7):41-43.WU Zhanmin,WANG Zhanling,WANG Zan,et al.Optimization method for offshore same layer sidetracking scheme[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(7):41-43.
[14] 赵少伟,范白涛,杨秋荣,等.海上油气田低效井侧钻技术[J].船海工程,2015,(6):144-148.ZHAO Shaowei,FAN Baitao,YANG Qiurong,et al.On side tracking technology in inefficient well in Bohai reservoir[J].Ship & Ocean Engineering,2015,(6):144-148.
[15] 韩耀图,林家昱,谢涛,等.渤海油田水平砾石充填井防砂管柱打捞技术的应用[J].中外能源,2016,21(5):58-62.HAN Yaotu,LIN Jiayu,XIE Tao,et al.Application of fishing sand filtering tubes technology of gravel packed horizontal wells in Bohai Oilfield[J].Sino-Global Energy,2016,21(5):58-62.
[16] 陈建庆,章桂庭.裸眼水平井防砂管内冲砂技术探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(5):131-133.CHEN Jianqing,ZHANG Guiting.Discussion on sand washing method inside sand control screen in open-hole horizontal wells[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(5):131-133.
[17] 罗永贵,王年友,王红阳,等.水力内割刀与可退式捞矛在打捞深孔事故钻杆中的应用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2015,42(2):60-63.LUO Yonggui,WANG Nianyou,WANG Hongyang,et al.Application of hydraulic internal cutter and retrievable spear for drill rod fishing in deep hole[J].Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2015,42(2):60-63.
[18] 胡茂中,鄢泰宁.FN-1井复杂条件下深井侧钻技术分析[J].探矿工程,2002,(1):47-48.HU Maozhong,YAN Taining.Technical analysis on the side tracking under adverse conditions in deep section of FN-1 Well[J].Exploration Engineering,2002,(1):47-48.
[19] 李贵宾,马金山,邱明川.南堡1-83井传输测井断钻具事故处理[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(6):104-105,123.LI Guibin,MA Jinshan,QIU Mingchuan.Treatment of broken drill string accident in Nanpu 1-83 Well transmission logging[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2012,35(6):104-105,123.
[20] 和鹏飞.海上低成本侧钻调整井的可行性研究与实施[J].海洋工程装备与技术,2016,3(4):212-216.HE Pengfei.Technology of side track adjustment well with low cost in Bohai Oilfield[J].Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology,2016,3(4):212-216.
[21] 沈园园,朱宽亮,王在明,等.南堡潜山油气藏小井眼开窗侧钻技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(5):573-576.SHEN Yuanyuan,ZHU Kuanliang.WANG Zaiming,et al.Window side-tracking in slim hole well of Nanpu buried-hill hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,2016,38(5):573-576.
[22] 宋维华,左灵,温林荣.可替代打水泥塞侧钻的裸眼侧钻新方式[J].西部探矿工程,2013,25(5):88-90.SONG Weihua,ZUO Ling,WEN Linrong.A new open-hole sidetracking method instead of cement plug sidetracking[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2013,25(5):88-90.
[23] 王兴忠,杨峰,朱传云,等.超深侧钻井螺杆断落事故处理与预防[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(6):100-102,110.WANG Xingzhong,YANG Feng,ZHU Chuanyun,et al.Treatment and prevention of mud motor breaking incident in ultra-deep side-track drilling[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2017,40(6):100-102,110.
[24] 马发明.事故井裸眼侧钻技术实践[J].钻采工艺,1998,(3):24-26,3.MA Faming.Practice of lateral drilling technique in open holes with accident[J].Drilling & Production Technology,1998,(3):24-26,3.
[25] 李勇政,卓云,陈涛,等.龙岗69高温超深井短距离悬空侧钻技术[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(5):93-95.LI Yongzheng,ZHUO Yun,CHEN Tao,et al.Short-distance sidetracking without cement plug or whip stock in Longgang 69 high temperature ultra-deep well[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2016,39(5):93-95.