挫商在应激性生活事件与亚健康关系的中介效应研究
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摘要
目的了解挫商在应激性生活事件与亚健康关系的中介效应。方法 2017年12月至2018年4月,采用多阶段抽样的方法,于广东省汕头市和韶关市抽取853名城镇居民进行亚健康问卷调查,采用Bootstrap检验进行中介效应分析。结果 37. 68%的人在半年内经历了应激性生活事件。挫商在退休/下岗/辞职(ab=-3. 547、-3. 038、-3. 640、-4. 214)、住房紧张或返贷压力(ab=-3. 892、-3. 980、-3. 980、-4. 687)、爱情或婚姻出现问题(ab=-4. 491、-3. 823、-4. 551、-5. 452)、与人不和(ab=-6. 089、-5. 138、-4. 551、-8. 632)、遭人怀疑或背叛(ab=-5. 260、-4. 470、-5. 373、-6. 459)、自己生病已痊愈(ab=-4. 406、-3. 736、-4. 537、-7. 404)、丢失贵重财物(ab=-4. 694、-4. 025、-4. 798、-5. 556)、发生事故/意外惊吓/自然灾害(ab=-8. 530、-7. 159、-8. 867、-9. 991)与亚健康(总体亚健康、生理亚健康、心理亚健康和社会亚健康)关系中存在中介效应;在家庭经济问题、身边人病重或离世、子女教育问题不存在中介效应。结论有意识地培养挫商,提高抗挫折能力,可以使个体在经历应激性生活事件尽量保持良好的生理、心理及社会健康状态。
Objective To study the mediating effect of adversity quotient on the correlation between stressful life events and sub-health. Methods Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1. 0( SHMS V1. 0) was adopted,and a representative sample of urban residents was recruited with multistage sampling from Shantou and Shaoguan of Guangdong Province. A total of 900 questionnaires were distributed,and 853 with eligible information were collected. The bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating effect. Results Of all the participants,37. 68% underwent stressful life events in six months. Adversity quotient had mediating effects on the correlation between stressful life events of retirement/layoff/resignation( ab =-3. 547,-3. 038,-3. 640,-4. 214),stressful living or pressure of loan repayment( ab =-3. 892,-3. 980,-3. 980,-4. 687),problem of love or marriage( ab =-4. 491,-3. 823,-4. 551,-5. 452),disharmony with others( ab =-6. 089,-5. 138,-4. 551,-8. 632),being doubted or betrayed( ab =-5. 260,-4. 470,-5. 373,-6. 459),recovering from illness( ab =-4. 406,-3. 736,-4. 537,-7. 404),loss of valuables( ab =-4. 694,-4. 025,-4. 798,-5. 556),underwent accident/surprise/natural disaster( ab =-8. 530,-7. 159,-8. 867,-9. 991) and sub-health( total,physical,mental and social sub-health,respectively). No mediating effect was found on stressful life events of family economic problems,serious illness or death of a close person,or children 's education. Conclusion Ability of adversity quotient should be increased consciously,which is important for a person to keep physical,mental and social health when undergoing stressful life events.
Objective To study the mediating effect of adversity quotient on the correlation between stressful life events and sub-health. Methods Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1. 0( SHMS V1. 0) was adopted,and a representative sample of urban residents was recruited with multistage sampling from Shantou and Shaoguan of Guangdong Province. A total of 900 questionnaires were distributed,and 853 with eligible information were collected. The bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating effect. Results Of all the participants,37. 68% underwent stressful life events in six months. Adversity quotient had mediating effects on the correlation between stressful life events of retirement/layoff/resignation( ab =-3. 547,-3. 038,-3. 640,-4. 214),stressful living or pressure of loan repayment( ab =-3. 892,-3. 980,-3. 980,-4. 687),problem of love or marriage( ab =-4. 491,-3. 823,-4. 551,-5. 452),disharmony with others( ab =-6. 089,-5. 138,-4. 551,-8. 632),being doubted or betrayed( ab =-5. 260,-4. 470,-5. 373,-6. 459),recovering from illness( ab =-4. 406,-3. 736,-4. 537,-7. 404),loss of valuables( ab =-4. 694,-4. 025,-4. 798,-5. 556),underwent accident/surprise/natural disaster( ab =-8. 530,-7. 159,-8. 867,-9. 991) and sub-health( total,physical,mental and social sub-health,respectively). No mediating effect was found on stressful life events of family economic problems,serious illness or death of a close person,or children 's education. Conclusion Ability of adversity quotient should be increased consciously,which is important for a person to keep physical,mental and social health when undergoing stressful life events.
引文
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[13]孙健芳,王利刚,张隆欢,等.应激强度与应激预期时长对个体反应抑制能力的影响[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2016,25(12):1109-1113.
[14]肖泽萍,王祖承,袁训初,等.应对行为与应激强度和心理反应的关系[J].上海精神医学,1995(3):170-175,216-217.
[15]王国谱,张小霞.应激型体质学生的生理心理学研究[C]//中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会. 2017年中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会会议暨“学生体质健康与运动生理学”学术研讨会论文集.北京:中国生理学会,2017:2.
[16]马金萍,卢国华,于丽荣.中学生应激与应对方式:情绪弹性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(9):1418-1421.
[17]朱研,李志平.医学研究生应激与抑郁关系及自我和谐中介作用[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(6):842-844.
[2] Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Glaser R. Psychological influences on immunity:making sense of the relationship between stressful life events and health[J]. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,1988,245:237-247.
[3] Kobasa SC. Stressful life events,personality,and health:an inquiry into hardiness[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1979,37(1):1-11.
[4]赵山花.提升大学生情商、灵商和挫商能力路径探析[J].教育现代化,2016,3(25):115-116.
[5]谢娟,罗红彬,朱红,等.天津市城镇居民亚健康现状及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):1-5.
[6]张远妮,许军,姜虹,等.广东省城镇居民亚健康评定量表的常模研究[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(28):3325-3330,3335.
[7] Rucker DD,Preacher KJ,Tormala ZL,et al. Mediation analysis in social psychology:current practices and new recommendations[J].Social&Personality Psychology Compass,2011,5(6):359-371.
[8] Zhao X,Lynch JG,Chen Q. Reconsidering baron and kenny:myths and truths about mediation analysis[J]. Journal of Consumer Research,2010,37(2):197-206.
[9]陆艳.广东省城镇居民亚健康状况及其影响因素研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2013.
[10]陈洁瑜,赵晓山,王嘉莉,等.亚健康状态影响因素的研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(11):1987-1990.
[11]陈俊峰. A型行为大学生应激策略对其亚健康状况的影响与干预研究[D].大连:辽宁师范大学,2016.
[12]张月,苏允爱,李继涛,等.应激对大脑的差异性影响及其意义[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,2018,44(1):62-64.
[13]孙健芳,王利刚,张隆欢,等.应激强度与应激预期时长对个体反应抑制能力的影响[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2016,25(12):1109-1113.
[14]肖泽萍,王祖承,袁训初,等.应对行为与应激强度和心理反应的关系[J].上海精神医学,1995(3):170-175,216-217.
[15]王国谱,张小霞.应激型体质学生的生理心理学研究[C]//中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会. 2017年中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会会议暨“学生体质健康与运动生理学”学术研讨会论文集.北京:中国生理学会,2017:2.
[16]马金萍,卢国华,于丽荣.中学生应激与应对方式:情绪弹性的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(9):1418-1421.
[17]朱研,李志平.医学研究生应激与抑郁关系及自我和谐中介作用[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(6):842-844.