基于暂态能量的小电流接地系统单相接地故障区段定位方法
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摘要
国内配电网主要为小电流接地系统,单相接地故障占故障总数的80%以上,故障特征不明显且易受噪声信号影响,故障的辨识、选线和区段定位难度大。暂态录波故障指示器和配电网同步相量测量装置的推广应用为小电流接地故障区段定位提供了更全面的故障信息支撑。详细分析了零序网络的相频特性,提出一种基于零序电流首容性分量能量的小电流接地故障的区段定位方法。确定辨识暂态零序电流的首容性频段范围,并分析故障区段和健全区段的暂态零序电流的不同特性。计算零序电流首容性分量的暂态能量并用于设计故障区段定位方法。所述方法物理概念清晰,判据阈值不受系统和故障位置的影响。仿真模拟和现场实验验证了所提故障定位方法的有效性。
Non-effectively grounded system is still the dominant type of distribution networks in China. More than 80% of the total faults are single-phase earth fault in distribution network. The fault features are not obvious and easy to be affected by noise, making fault identification, faulty feeder selection and faulty line section detection very difficult. Widespread use of fault indicator and PMU in distribution networks provides comprehensive information for identifying the faulty line section of single-phase earth fault. The phase-frequency characteristics of zero-sequence network are analyzed, and a method for locating faulty line section based on the transient energy of transient zero-sequence current in primary capacitive frequency band is proposed. The frequency range of primary capacitive frequency band of the transient zero sequence current is determined, and the difference between the transient zero-sequence current of the faulty line section and healthy line sections are analyzed. The transient energy of the zero-sequence current component in the primary capacitive frequency band is calculated and used to design the method to locate the faulty line section. The physical concept of the method is clear, and the threshold is not affected by the system and the location of the fault. Simulations and field tests verify effectiveness of the proposed fault location method.
Non-effectively grounded system is still the dominant type of distribution networks in China. More than 80% of the total faults are single-phase earth fault in distribution network. The fault features are not obvious and easy to be affected by noise, making fault identification, faulty feeder selection and faulty line section detection very difficult. Widespread use of fault indicator and PMU in distribution networks provides comprehensive information for identifying the faulty line section of single-phase earth fault. The phase-frequency characteristics of zero-sequence network are analyzed, and a method for locating faulty line section based on the transient energy of transient zero-sequence current in primary capacitive frequency band is proposed. The frequency range of primary capacitive frequency band of the transient zero sequence current is determined, and the difference between the transient zero-sequence current of the faulty line section and healthy line sections are analyzed. The transient energy of the zero-sequence current component in the primary capacitive frequency band is calculated and used to design the method to locate the faulty line section. The physical concept of the method is clear, and the threshold is not affected by the system and the location of the fault. Simulations and field tests verify effectiveness of the proposed fault location method.
引文
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[13]张林利,高厚磊,徐丙垠,等.基于区段零序导纳的小电流接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):94-98.Zhang Linli,Gao Houlei,Xu Bingyin,et al.Fault location method based on zero-sequence admittance of sections in non-effectively grounded system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):94-98(in Chinese).
[14]贾惠彬,赵海锋,方强华,等.基于多端行波的配电网单相接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(2):96-100.Jia Huibin,Zhao Haifeng,Fang Huaqiang,et al.A single-phase earth fault location method for distribution network based on multi-terminal traveling wave[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(2):96-100(in Chinese).
[15]孙波,孙同景,薛永端,等.基于暂态信息的小电流接地故障区段定位[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(3):52-55.Sun Bo,Sun Tongjing,Xue Yongduan,et al.Single phase to ground fault section location based on transient signals in non-solidly earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(3):52-55(in Chinese).
[16]马士聪,徐丙垠,高厚磊,等.检测暂态零模电流相关性的小电流接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(7):48-52.Ma Shicong,Xu Bingyin,Gao Houlei,et al.A single-phase earth fault location method for distribution network based on multi-terminal traveling wave[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(7):48-52(in Chinese).
[17]薛永端,李天友,李伟新,等.小电流接地故障暂态分析及区段定位新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):101-107.Xue Yongduan,Li Tianyou,Li Weixin,et al.A novel method of transient analysis and faulty section location for single-phase earth fault in non-effectively earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):101-107(in Chinese).
[18]刘鹏辉,黄纯.基于动态时间弯曲距离的小电流接地故障区段定位方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(3):952-957.Liu Penghui,Huang Chun.A fault section location method for small-current grounding fault in distribution network based on dynamic time warping distance[J].Power Systems Technology,2016,40(3):952-957(in Chinese).
[19]孙波,徐丙垠,孙同景,等.基于暂态零模电流近似熵的小电流接地故障定位新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(20):83-87.Sun Bo,Xu Bingyin,Sun Tongjing,et al.New fault locating method based on approximate entropy of transient zero-module current in non-solidly earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(20):83-87(in Chinese).
[20]张恒旭,靳宗帅,刘玉田.轻型广域测量系统及其在中国的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(22):85-90.Zhang Hengxu,Jin Zongshuai,Liu Yutian.Wide-area measurement system light and its application in China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(22):85-90(in Chinese).
[21]Wang X,Xie X,Zhang S,et al.Micro-PMU for distribution power lines[J].CIRED-Open Access Proceedings Journal,2017(1):333-337.
[22]谢潇磊,刘亚东,孙鹏,等.新型配电网线路PMU装置的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):15-20+52.Xie Xiaolei,Liu Yadong,Sun Peng,et al.Development of novel PMUdevice for distribution network line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):15-20+52(in Chinese).
[23]Pang W,Baichao C,Hong Z,et al.Fault location in resonant grounded network by adaptive control of neutral-to-earth complex impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(2):689-698.
[24]薛永端,薛文君,李娟,等.小电流接地故障暂态过程的LC谐振机理[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(24):137-145.Xue Yongduan,Xue Wenjun,Li Juan,et al.LC resonance mechanism of transient process of earth fault in Non-solidly Earthed Network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(24):137-145(in Chinese).
[25]薛永端.基于暂态特征信息的配电网单相接地故障检测研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2003.
[26]方毅,薛永端,宋华茂,等.谐振接地系统高阻接地故障暂态能量分析与选线[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(19):5636-5645+5921.Fang Yi,Xue Yongduan,Song Huamao,et al.LC resonance mechanism of transient process of earth fault in non-solidly earthed network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(19):5636-5645+5921(in Chinese).
[2]唐金锐,尹项根,张哲,等.配电网故障自动定位技术研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(5):7-13.Tang Jinrui,Yin Xianggen,Zhang Zhe,et al.Survey of fault location technology for distribution networks[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(5):7-13(in Chinese).
[3]桑在中,潘贞存,丁磊,等.“S注入法”选线定位原理及应用[J].中国电力,1997,30(6):44-45,62.Sang Zaizhong,Pan Zhencun,Ding Lei,et al.The principle and application of“S injection method”for faulty line selection[J].Electric Power,1997,30(6):44-45,62(in Chinese).
[4]Liu P,Chun H.Detecting single-phase-to-ground fault event and identifying faulty feeder in neutral ineffectively grounded distribution system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(5):2265-2273.
[5]邢亚辉,王海军,吕艳萍.基于线路零序频率特性的小电流接地系统故障选线[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(4):59-62.Xing Yahui,Wang Haijun,LüYanping.Faulty line selection in non-solid earthed network based on zero sequence frequency characteristic of transmission lines[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(4):59-62(in Chinese).
[6]王韶,朱姜峰.基于改进相关性分析法的配电网络单相接地故障选线[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(15):76-81.Wang Shao,Zhu Jiangfeng.Faulty line selection of single-phase to ground fault in distribution network based on improved correlation analysis method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(15):76-81(in Chinese).
[7]李雅洁,孟晓丽,宋晓辉,等.基于最优FIR滤波器与层次聚类的配电网单相接地故障选线方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):143-149.Li Yajie,Meng Xiaoli,Song Xiaohui,et al.Single-phase-to-ground fault line detection for distribution network based on optimal finite impulse response filter and hierarchical clustering[J].Power Systems Technology,2015,39(1):143-149(in Chinese).
[8]戚宇林,成艳,杨以涵,等.35 kV配电网单相接地故障综合定位方法[J].电网技术,2008,37(2):38-42.Qi Yulin,Cheng Yan,Yang Yihan,et al.A compositive fault location method for single-phase fault in 35 kV distribution network[J].Power Systems Technology,2008,37(2):38-42(in Chinese).
[9]齐郑,郑朝,刘占波,等.“S”信号定位方法的有效性分析及改进研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(8):101-104.Qi Zheng,Zheng Zhao,Liu Zhanbo,et al.Effectiveness analysis and improvement of“S”signal fault location method[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(8):101-104(in Chinese).
[10]张利,杨以涵,司冬梅,等.基于零序电流和磁场检测故障杆的配电网故障定位[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(14):73-76.Zhang Li,Yang Yihan,Si Dongmei,et al.Distribution network fault location based on the zero-sequence current and magnetic field detection spot[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(14):73-76(in Chinese).
[11]倪广魁,鲍海,张利,等.基于零序电流突变量的配电网单相故障带电定位判据[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(31):118-122.Ni Guangkui,Bao Hai,Zhang Li,et al.Criterion based on the fault component of zero sequence current for online fault location of single-phase fault in distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(31):118-122(in Chinese).
[12]张利,杨鹏,司冬梅,等.基于零序功率方向的中性点不接地系统在线故障定位[J].电力系统自动化,2005,32(19):79-52.Zhang Li,Yang Peng,Si Dongmei,et al.Online fault location of neutral point ungrounded distribution network based on zero-sequence power direction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2005,32(19):79-52(in Chinese).
[13]张林利,高厚磊,徐丙垠,等.基于区段零序导纳的小电流接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):94-98.Zhang Linli,Gao Houlei,Xu Bingyin,et al.Fault location method based on zero-sequence admittance of sections in non-effectively grounded system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):94-98(in Chinese).
[14]贾惠彬,赵海锋,方强华,等.基于多端行波的配电网单相接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(2):96-100.Jia Huibin,Zhao Haifeng,Fang Huaqiang,et al.A single-phase earth fault location method for distribution network based on multi-terminal traveling wave[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(2):96-100(in Chinese).
[15]孙波,孙同景,薛永端,等.基于暂态信息的小电流接地故障区段定位[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(3):52-55.Sun Bo,Sun Tongjing,Xue Yongduan,et al.Single phase to ground fault section location based on transient signals in non-solidly earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(3):52-55(in Chinese).
[16]马士聪,徐丙垠,高厚磊,等.检测暂态零模电流相关性的小电流接地故障定位方法[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(7):48-52.Ma Shicong,Xu Bingyin,Gao Houlei,et al.A single-phase earth fault location method for distribution network based on multi-terminal traveling wave[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(7):48-52(in Chinese).
[17]薛永端,李天友,李伟新,等.小电流接地故障暂态分析及区段定位新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):101-107.Xue Yongduan,Li Tianyou,Li Weixin,et al.A novel method of transient analysis and faulty section location for single-phase earth fault in non-effectively earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):101-107(in Chinese).
[18]刘鹏辉,黄纯.基于动态时间弯曲距离的小电流接地故障区段定位方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(3):952-957.Liu Penghui,Huang Chun.A fault section location method for small-current grounding fault in distribution network based on dynamic time warping distance[J].Power Systems Technology,2016,40(3):952-957(in Chinese).
[19]孙波,徐丙垠,孙同景,等.基于暂态零模电流近似熵的小电流接地故障定位新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(20):83-87.Sun Bo,Xu Bingyin,Sun Tongjing,et al.New fault locating method based on approximate entropy of transient zero-module current in non-solidly earthed network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(20):83-87(in Chinese).
[20]张恒旭,靳宗帅,刘玉田.轻型广域测量系统及其在中国的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(22):85-90.Zhang Hengxu,Jin Zongshuai,Liu Yutian.Wide-area measurement system light and its application in China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(22):85-90(in Chinese).
[21]Wang X,Xie X,Zhang S,et al.Micro-PMU for distribution power lines[J].CIRED-Open Access Proceedings Journal,2017(1):333-337.
[22]谢潇磊,刘亚东,孙鹏,等.新型配电网线路PMU装置的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):15-20+52.Xie Xiaolei,Liu Yadong,Sun Peng,et al.Development of novel PMUdevice for distribution network line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):15-20+52(in Chinese).
[23]Pang W,Baichao C,Hong Z,et al.Fault location in resonant grounded network by adaptive control of neutral-to-earth complex impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(2):689-698.
[24]薛永端,薛文君,李娟,等.小电流接地故障暂态过程的LC谐振机理[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(24):137-145.Xue Yongduan,Xue Wenjun,Li Juan,et al.LC resonance mechanism of transient process of earth fault in Non-solidly Earthed Network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(24):137-145(in Chinese).
[25]薛永端.基于暂态特征信息的配电网单相接地故障检测研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2003.
[26]方毅,薛永端,宋华茂,等.谐振接地系统高阻接地故障暂态能量分析与选线[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(19):5636-5645+5921.Fang Yi,Xue Yongduan,Song Huamao,et al.LC resonance mechanism of transient process of earth fault in non-solidly earthed network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(19):5636-5645+5921(in Chinese).