能量负平衡对奶牛繁殖的影响及相关机理
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摘要
高产奶牛繁殖力低下是世界性难题。能量负平衡(NEB)影响脂肪动员,改变血液代谢指标,诱发能量代谢紊乱及相关疾病,影响卵泡发育及子宫胚胎内环境,影响机体多种激素的分泌,损害奶牛生殖免疫机能,提高该状态下子宫疾病的易感性并诱发炎症反应,延缓产后子宫恢复,制约奶牛的繁殖性能。本文主要阐述NEB对奶牛繁殖的影响及相关机理,为奶牛生产和繁殖研究工作提供参考。
The low fertility of high yield dairy cows is a worldwide problem. Negative energy balance( NEB) affects fat mobilization,changes blood metabolism indicators,NEB affects fat mobilization,changes blood metabolism indicators,and induces energy metabolism disorders and related diseases,affects follicular development and uterine embryonic environment,affects the secretion of various hormones in the body,impairs the reproductive immunity of dairy cows,improves the susceptibility of uterine diseases in this state and induces inflammatory reactions,and delays the recovery of postpartum uterus,which restricts the reproductive performance of dairy cows.This paper mainly described the effects of NEB on the reproductive performance of dairy cows and its related mechanisms,and provided a reference for the research of cow production and reproduction.
The low fertility of high yield dairy cows is a worldwide problem. Negative energy balance( NEB) affects fat mobilization,changes blood metabolism indicators,NEB affects fat mobilization,changes blood metabolism indicators,and induces energy metabolism disorders and related diseases,affects follicular development and uterine embryonic environment,affects the secretion of various hormones in the body,impairs the reproductive immunity of dairy cows,improves the susceptibility of uterine diseases in this state and induces inflammatory reactions,and delays the recovery of postpartum uterus,which restricts the reproductive performance of dairy cows.This paper mainly described the effects of NEB on the reproductive performance of dairy cows and its related mechanisms,and provided a reference for the research of cow production and reproduction.
引文
[1]BUTLER W R,EVERETT R W,COPPOCK C E.The relationships between energy balance,milk production and ovulation in postpartum Holstein cows[J].Journal of Animal Science,1981,53(3):742-748.
[2]LUCY M C,STAPLES C R,THATCHER W W,et al.Influence of diet composition,dry-matter intake,milk production and energy balance on time of post-partum ovulation and fertility in dairy cows[J].Animal Science,1992,54(3):323-331.
[3]TAMMINGA S.The effect of the supply of rumen degradable protein and metabolisable protein on negative energy balance and fertility in dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2006,96(3/4):227-239.
[4]BURKE C R,KAY J K,PHYN C V C,et al.Short communication:effects of dietary nonstructural carbohydrates pre-and postpartum on reproduction of grazing dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(9):4292-4296.
[5]BUTLER W R,SMITH R D.Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1989,72(3):767-783.
[6]WATHES D C,FENWICK M,CHENG Z,et al.Influence of negative energy balance on cyclicity and fertility in the high producing dairy cow[J].Theriogenology,2007,68(Suppl.1):S232-S241.
[7]WATHES D C,CHENG Z R,FENWICK M A,et al.Influence of energy balance on the somatotrophic axis and matrix metalloproteinase expression in the endometrium of the postpartum dairy cow[J].Reproduction,2011,141(2):269-281.
[8]GRUMMER R R,WILTBANK M C,FRICKE P M,et al.Management of dry and transition cows to improve energy balance and reproduction[J].The Journal of Reproduction and Development,2010,56(Suppl.1):S22-S28.
[9]CARDOSO F C,LEBLANC S J,MURPHY M R,et al.Prepartum nutritional strategy affects reproductive performance in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(9):5859-5871.
[10]WATHES D C,CHENG Z R,CHOWDHURY W,et al.Negative energy balance alters global gene expression and immune responses in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows[J].Physiological Genomics,2010,39(1):1-13.
[11]ESPOSITO G,IRONS P C,WEBB E C,et al.Interactions between negative energy balance,metabolic diseases,uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2014,144(3/4):60-71.
[12]KOLTES D A,SPURLOCK D M.Coordination of lipid droplet-associated proteins during the transition period of Holstein dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(4):1839-1848.
[13]LOCHER L F,MEYER N,WEBER E M,et al.Hormone-sensitive lipase protein expression and extent of phosphorylation in subcutaneous and retroperitoneal adipose tissues in the periparturient dairy cow[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(9):4514-4523.
[14]VAN DORLAND H A,SADRI H,MOREL I,et al.Coordinated gene expression in adipose tissue and liver differs between cows with high or low NEFA concentrations in early lactation[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2012,96(1):137-147.
[15]RIBEIRO E S,LIMA F S,AYRES H,et al.Effect of postpartum diseases on reproduction of grazing dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(Suppl.1):63.
[16]SHIN E K,JEONG J K,CHOI I S,et al.Relationships among ketosis,serum metabolites,body condition,and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2015,84(2):252-260.
[17]周建平,田文儒,郑昌乐,等.产后脂肪肝奶牛外周血浆孕酮、前列腺素F2α变化规律的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,1993(9):1-3.
[18]周建平,张俊育,田文儒,等.脂肪肝影响围产期奶牛繁殖力的机理研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1997,28(2):115-119.
[19]GOWRI B,PRATHABAN S,KATHIRESAN D,et al.Impact of the fatty infiltration of liver on fertility in cattle[J].Indian Veterinary Journal,2015,92(9):60-61.
[20]FENWICK M A,LLEWELLYN S,FITZPATRICK R,et al.Negative energy balance in dairy cows is associated with specific changes in IGF-binding protein expression in the oviduct[J].Reproduction,2008,135(1):63-75.
[21]THATCHER W W,BILBY T R,BARTOLOME J A,et al.Strategies for improving fertility in the modern dairy cow[J].Theriogenology,2006,65(1):30-44.
[22]LUCY M C,JIANG H,KOBAYASHI Y.Changes in the somatotrophic axis associated with the initiation of lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2001,84(Suppl.1):E113-E119.
[23]BROWN K L,CASSELL B G,MCGILLIARD M L,et al.Hormones,metabolites,and reproduction in Holsteins,Jerseys,and their crosses[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(2):698-707.
[24]FENWICK M A,FITZPATRICK R,KENNY D A,et al.Interrelationships between negative energy balance(NEB)and IGF regulation in liver of lactating dairy cows[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2008,34(1):31-44.
[25]HEIN G J,PANZANI C G,RODRGUEZ F M,et al.Impaired insulin signaling pathway in ovarian follicles of cows with cystic ovarian disease[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2015,156:64-74.
[26]叶承荣,张克春,谭勋.能量负平衡对高产奶牛繁殖性能影响的研究进展[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006,24(4):398-401.
[27]OHTSUKA H,KOIWA M,HATSUGAYA A,et al.Relationship between serum TNF activity and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with naturally occurring fatty liver[J].Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2001,63(9):1021-1025.
[28]SALIN S,TAPONEN J,ELO K,et al.Effects of abomasal infusion of tallow or camelina oil on responses to glucose and insulin in dairy cows during late pregnancy[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(7):3812-3825.
[29]STEIN D T,STEVENSON B E,CHESTER M W,et al.The insulinotropic potency of fatty acids is influenced profoundly by their chain length and degree of saturation[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,1997,100(2):398-403.
[30]RAVNSKJAER K,FRIGERIO F,BOERGESEN M,et al.PPARδis a fatty acid sensor that enhances mitochondrial oxidation in insulin-secreting cells and protects against fatty acid-induced dysfunction[J].Journal of Lipid Research,2010,51(6):1370-1379.
[31]KARLSSON H K R,CHIBALIN A V,KOISTINEN HA,et al.Kinetics of GLUT4 trafficking in rat and human skeletal muscle[J].Diabetes,2009,58(4):847-854.
[32]BARUSELLI P S,VIEIRA L M,SFILHO M F,et al.Associations of insulin resistance later in lactation on fertility of dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016,86(1):263-269.
[33]DUPONT J,REVERCHON M,BERTOLDO M J,et al.Nutritional signals and reproduction[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,382(1):527-537.
[34]马勇,罗海玲,卢晓楠.日粮能量和蛋白质对反刍动物繁殖机能影响的机理[J].中国草食动物科学,2014(增刊):14-16.
[35]KADOKAWA H,BLACHE D,MARTIN G B.Plasma leptin concentrations correlate with luteinizing hormone secretion in early postpartum Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(8):3020-3027.
[36]SCHNEIDER J E.Energy balance and reproduction[J].Physiology&Behavior,2004,81(2):289-317.
[37]王学君,刘伟,苗霆,等.能量对奶牛繁殖性能的影响与调控技术[J].中国奶牛,2009(3):31-33.
[38]ROBINSON R S,FRAY M D,WATHES D C,et al.In vivo expression of interferon tau mRNA by the embryonic trophoblast and uterine concentrations of interferon tau protein during early pregnancy in the cow[J].Molecular Reproduction and Development,2006,73(4):470-474.
[39]HOGGARD N,HUNTER L,TRAYHURN P,et al.Leptin and reproduction[J].The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,1998,57(3):421-427.
[40]BLOCK S S,BUTLER W R,EHRHARDT R A,et al.Decreased concentration of plasma leptin in periparturient dairy cows is caused by negative energy balance[J].Journal of Endocrinology,2001,171(2):339-348.
[41]BLACHE D,CELI P,BLACKBERRY M A,et al.Decrease in voluntary feed intake and pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion after intracerebroventricular infusion of recombinant bovine leptin in mature male sheep[J].Reproduction,Fertility and Development,2000,12(7/8):373-381.
[42]BISINOTTO R S,GRECO L F,RIBEIRO E S,et al.Influences of nutrition and metabolism on fertility of dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction,2012,9(3):260-272.
[43]LACETERA N,SCALIA D,FRANCI O,et al.Short communication:effects of nonesterified fatty acids on lymphocyte function in dairy heifers[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2004,87(4):1012-1014.
[44]MSCH A.Parameters of energy metabolism and immunoglobulin G in the serum of dairy cows in the peripartal period[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Berlin:Freie Universitt Berlin,2012.
[45]SCALIA D,LACETERA N,BERNABUCCI U,et al.In vitro effects of nonesterified fatty acids on bovine neutrophils oxidative burst and viability[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(1):147-154.
[46]GRINBERG N,ELAZAR S,ROSENSHINE I,et al.β-hydroxybutyrate abrogates formation of bovine neutrophil extracellular traps and bactericidal activity against mammary pathogenic Escherichia coli[J].Infection and Immunity,2008,76(6):2802-2807.
[47]HUZZEY J M,DUFFIELD T F,LEBLANC S J,et al.Short communication:haptoglobin as an early indicator of metritis[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(2):621-625.
[48]SPEARS J W,WEISS W P.Role of antioxidants and trace elements in health and immunity of transition dairy cows[J].The Veterinary Journal,2008,176(1):70-76.
[49]RABELO E,REZENDE R L,BERTICS S J,et al.Effects of transition diets varying in dietary energy density on lactation performance and ruminal parameters of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(3):916-925.
[50]CASTAEDA-GUTIRREZ E,BENEFIELD B C,DEVETH M J,et al.Evaluation of the mechanism of action of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on reproduction in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(9):4253-4264.
[51]FARRAN T B,REINHARDT C D,BLASI D A,et al.Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(6):1382-1394.
[2]LUCY M C,STAPLES C R,THATCHER W W,et al.Influence of diet composition,dry-matter intake,milk production and energy balance on time of post-partum ovulation and fertility in dairy cows[J].Animal Science,1992,54(3):323-331.
[3]TAMMINGA S.The effect of the supply of rumen degradable protein and metabolisable protein on negative energy balance and fertility in dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2006,96(3/4):227-239.
[4]BURKE C R,KAY J K,PHYN C V C,et al.Short communication:effects of dietary nonstructural carbohydrates pre-and postpartum on reproduction of grazing dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(9):4292-4296.
[5]BUTLER W R,SMITH R D.Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1989,72(3):767-783.
[6]WATHES D C,FENWICK M,CHENG Z,et al.Influence of negative energy balance on cyclicity and fertility in the high producing dairy cow[J].Theriogenology,2007,68(Suppl.1):S232-S241.
[7]WATHES D C,CHENG Z R,FENWICK M A,et al.Influence of energy balance on the somatotrophic axis and matrix metalloproteinase expression in the endometrium of the postpartum dairy cow[J].Reproduction,2011,141(2):269-281.
[8]GRUMMER R R,WILTBANK M C,FRICKE P M,et al.Management of dry and transition cows to improve energy balance and reproduction[J].The Journal of Reproduction and Development,2010,56(Suppl.1):S22-S28.
[9]CARDOSO F C,LEBLANC S J,MURPHY M R,et al.Prepartum nutritional strategy affects reproductive performance in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(9):5859-5871.
[10]WATHES D C,CHENG Z R,CHOWDHURY W,et al.Negative energy balance alters global gene expression and immune responses in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows[J].Physiological Genomics,2010,39(1):1-13.
[11]ESPOSITO G,IRONS P C,WEBB E C,et al.Interactions between negative energy balance,metabolic diseases,uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2014,144(3/4):60-71.
[12]KOLTES D A,SPURLOCK D M.Coordination of lipid droplet-associated proteins during the transition period of Holstein dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(4):1839-1848.
[13]LOCHER L F,MEYER N,WEBER E M,et al.Hormone-sensitive lipase protein expression and extent of phosphorylation in subcutaneous and retroperitoneal adipose tissues in the periparturient dairy cow[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(9):4514-4523.
[14]VAN DORLAND H A,SADRI H,MOREL I,et al.Coordinated gene expression in adipose tissue and liver differs between cows with high or low NEFA concentrations in early lactation[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2012,96(1):137-147.
[15]RIBEIRO E S,LIMA F S,AYRES H,et al.Effect of postpartum diseases on reproduction of grazing dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(Suppl.1):63.
[16]SHIN E K,JEONG J K,CHOI I S,et al.Relationships among ketosis,serum metabolites,body condition,and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2015,84(2):252-260.
[17]周建平,田文儒,郑昌乐,等.产后脂肪肝奶牛外周血浆孕酮、前列腺素F2α变化规律的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,1993(9):1-3.
[18]周建平,张俊育,田文儒,等.脂肪肝影响围产期奶牛繁殖力的机理研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,1997,28(2):115-119.
[19]GOWRI B,PRATHABAN S,KATHIRESAN D,et al.Impact of the fatty infiltration of liver on fertility in cattle[J].Indian Veterinary Journal,2015,92(9):60-61.
[20]FENWICK M A,LLEWELLYN S,FITZPATRICK R,et al.Negative energy balance in dairy cows is associated with specific changes in IGF-binding protein expression in the oviduct[J].Reproduction,2008,135(1):63-75.
[21]THATCHER W W,BILBY T R,BARTOLOME J A,et al.Strategies for improving fertility in the modern dairy cow[J].Theriogenology,2006,65(1):30-44.
[22]LUCY M C,JIANG H,KOBAYASHI Y.Changes in the somatotrophic axis associated with the initiation of lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2001,84(Suppl.1):E113-E119.
[23]BROWN K L,CASSELL B G,MCGILLIARD M L,et al.Hormones,metabolites,and reproduction in Holsteins,Jerseys,and their crosses[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(2):698-707.
[24]FENWICK M A,FITZPATRICK R,KENNY D A,et al.Interrelationships between negative energy balance(NEB)and IGF regulation in liver of lactating dairy cows[J].Domestic Animal Endocrinology,2008,34(1):31-44.
[25]HEIN G J,PANZANI C G,RODRGUEZ F M,et al.Impaired insulin signaling pathway in ovarian follicles of cows with cystic ovarian disease[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2015,156:64-74.
[26]叶承荣,张克春,谭勋.能量负平衡对高产奶牛繁殖性能影响的研究进展[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2006,24(4):398-401.
[27]OHTSUKA H,KOIWA M,HATSUGAYA A,et al.Relationship between serum TNF activity and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with naturally occurring fatty liver[J].Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2001,63(9):1021-1025.
[28]SALIN S,TAPONEN J,ELO K,et al.Effects of abomasal infusion of tallow or camelina oil on responses to glucose and insulin in dairy cows during late pregnancy[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(7):3812-3825.
[29]STEIN D T,STEVENSON B E,CHESTER M W,et al.The insulinotropic potency of fatty acids is influenced profoundly by their chain length and degree of saturation[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,1997,100(2):398-403.
[30]RAVNSKJAER K,FRIGERIO F,BOERGESEN M,et al.PPARδis a fatty acid sensor that enhances mitochondrial oxidation in insulin-secreting cells and protects against fatty acid-induced dysfunction[J].Journal of Lipid Research,2010,51(6):1370-1379.
[31]KARLSSON H K R,CHIBALIN A V,KOISTINEN HA,et al.Kinetics of GLUT4 trafficking in rat and human skeletal muscle[J].Diabetes,2009,58(4):847-854.
[32]BARUSELLI P S,VIEIRA L M,SFILHO M F,et al.Associations of insulin resistance later in lactation on fertility of dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2016,86(1):263-269.
[33]DUPONT J,REVERCHON M,BERTOLDO M J,et al.Nutritional signals and reproduction[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,382(1):527-537.
[34]马勇,罗海玲,卢晓楠.日粮能量和蛋白质对反刍动物繁殖机能影响的机理[J].中国草食动物科学,2014(增刊):14-16.
[35]KADOKAWA H,BLACHE D,MARTIN G B.Plasma leptin concentrations correlate with luteinizing hormone secretion in early postpartum Holstein cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(8):3020-3027.
[36]SCHNEIDER J E.Energy balance and reproduction[J].Physiology&Behavior,2004,81(2):289-317.
[37]王学君,刘伟,苗霆,等.能量对奶牛繁殖性能的影响与调控技术[J].中国奶牛,2009(3):31-33.
[38]ROBINSON R S,FRAY M D,WATHES D C,et al.In vivo expression of interferon tau mRNA by the embryonic trophoblast and uterine concentrations of interferon tau protein during early pregnancy in the cow[J].Molecular Reproduction and Development,2006,73(4):470-474.
[39]HOGGARD N,HUNTER L,TRAYHURN P,et al.Leptin and reproduction[J].The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,1998,57(3):421-427.
[40]BLOCK S S,BUTLER W R,EHRHARDT R A,et al.Decreased concentration of plasma leptin in periparturient dairy cows is caused by negative energy balance[J].Journal of Endocrinology,2001,171(2):339-348.
[41]BLACHE D,CELI P,BLACKBERRY M A,et al.Decrease in voluntary feed intake and pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion after intracerebroventricular infusion of recombinant bovine leptin in mature male sheep[J].Reproduction,Fertility and Development,2000,12(7/8):373-381.
[42]BISINOTTO R S,GRECO L F,RIBEIRO E S,et al.Influences of nutrition and metabolism on fertility of dairy cows[J].Animal Reproduction,2012,9(3):260-272.
[43]LACETERA N,SCALIA D,FRANCI O,et al.Short communication:effects of nonesterified fatty acids on lymphocyte function in dairy heifers[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2004,87(4):1012-1014.
[44]MSCH A.Parameters of energy metabolism and immunoglobulin G in the serum of dairy cows in the peripartal period[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Berlin:Freie Universitt Berlin,2012.
[45]SCALIA D,LACETERA N,BERNABUCCI U,et al.In vitro effects of nonesterified fatty acids on bovine neutrophils oxidative burst and viability[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(1):147-154.
[46]GRINBERG N,ELAZAR S,ROSENSHINE I,et al.β-hydroxybutyrate abrogates formation of bovine neutrophil extracellular traps and bactericidal activity against mammary pathogenic Escherichia coli[J].Infection and Immunity,2008,76(6):2802-2807.
[47]HUZZEY J M,DUFFIELD T F,LEBLANC S J,et al.Short communication:haptoglobin as an early indicator of metritis[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(2):621-625.
[48]SPEARS J W,WEISS W P.Role of antioxidants and trace elements in health and immunity of transition dairy cows[J].The Veterinary Journal,2008,176(1):70-76.
[49]RABELO E,REZENDE R L,BERTICS S J,et al.Effects of transition diets varying in dietary energy density on lactation performance and ruminal parameters of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(3):916-925.
[50]CASTAEDA-GUTIRREZ E,BENEFIELD B C,DEVETH M J,et al.Evaluation of the mechanism of action of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on reproduction in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(9):4253-4264.
[51]FARRAN T B,REINHARDT C D,BLASI D A,et al.Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(6):1382-1394.
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