煤层瓦斯隧道中开展TSP探测工作的研究与探索
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摘要
为了提高TSP探测在煤层瓦斯隧道中的预报准确率,从数据采集和数据分析两个方面进行研究,结合成贵铁路高瓦斯隧道TSP探测实例进行探讨。在数据采集方面,采用新型的断路触发器(WBT)解决煤矿许用毫秒延期电雷管的延时问题,并对WBT在使用过程中存在的问题进行了汇总和讨论。同时通过优化炮孔成孔率、选择合理的炮孔封堵措施、改变打孔和装填炸药的常规工序来改善煤层段易塌孔的情况。在数据分析方面,对数据设置参数进行经验性修改;带通滤波在不同硬度的地层截取恰当的频谱;初值拾取应接近煤系地层中对应的波速;拾取处理强制校直为线性,横纵波速比以1.73位基础进行比较选择。实践表明,这些措施和方法能有效地提高煤系地层中TSP数据采集和分析的质量,为类似的煤层瓦斯隧道开展TSP探测工作提出了总结与建议。
In order to improve the forecast accuracy of ###(TSP) exploration in the coal seam gas tunnel,we made some analysis on the geological prediction of coal seam based on the successful experiences of the tunnel construction in Chenggui railway, more accurately. Combined with the TSP instance and in terms of data collection, the coal mine permissible delay time of millisecond delay electric detonator is soloved by adopting the new circuit triggers(WBT). And the problems in the use of WBT are summarized and discussed; The problem of hole quality in coal seam gas tunnel was also sloved by improving the quality of the blast holes and changing hole sealing measures, changing the drilling and loading of the explosive conventional process. In the aspect of data analysis, through data set parameter modification, hard and soft formation spectrum band-pass filter in interception, coal measures strata in the initial value selection of wave velocity to pick up, and pick up processing methods, improve the analysis precision of TSP in coal measures strata, provides reference for similar tunnel constructions.
In order to improve the forecast accuracy of ###(TSP) exploration in the coal seam gas tunnel,we made some analysis on the geological prediction of coal seam based on the successful experiences of the tunnel construction in Chenggui railway, more accurately. Combined with the TSP instance and in terms of data collection, the coal mine permissible delay time of millisecond delay electric detonator is soloved by adopting the new circuit triggers(WBT). And the problems in the use of WBT are summarized and discussed; The problem of hole quality in coal seam gas tunnel was also sloved by improving the quality of the blast holes and changing hole sealing measures, changing the drilling and loading of the explosive conventional process. In the aspect of data analysis, through data set parameter modification, hard and soft formation spectrum band-pass filter in interception, coal measures strata in the initial value selection of wave velocity to pick up, and pick up processing methods, improve the analysis precision of TSP in coal measures strata, provides reference for similar tunnel constructions.
引文
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[8] 张志龙, 王兰生, 王跃飞,等. 雪峰山高速公路隧道F2断层带的综合超前地质预报[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(A01):3311-3315.ZHANG Z L,WANG L S,WANG Y F,et al. Comperhensive advanced geological preaiction of fault F2 in Xuefeng mountain hifhway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(A01):3311-3315.(In Chinese)
[9] 梁东, 廖振芳. 铁路客运专线红石岩瓦斯隧道施工对策[J]. 隧道建设, 2007, 27(s1):36-39.LIANG D,LIAO Z F. Construction countermeasures for Hongshiyan tunnel: a gas tunnel on passenger-dedicated railway[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2007, 27(s1):36-39. (In Chinese)
[10] 宋南涛, 陈炜韬, 王明年,等. 煤系地层采空区对隧道施工安全性的影响[J]. 铁道建筑技术, 2007(3):48-51.SONG N T,CHEN W T, WANG M N, et al. Safety analysis of tunnelling in coal-minded area[J]. Railway Construction Technology,2007(3):48-51. (In Chinese)
[11] 高菊如, 涂文轩. 隧道开挖炮孔填塞技术试验研究[J]. 铁道建筑, 2005(s1):47-50.GAO J R,TU W X. Experimental research on borehole stemming technique adopted in tunnel blasting driving[J]. Railway Engineering, 2005(s1):47-50. (In Chinese)
[12] 詹龙飞. TSP技术在隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].铁道勘察,2011, 37(2):72-75.ZHAN L F. Applications of TSP technique in geological prediction of tunnel in advance[J]. Railway Investigation and Surveying,2011, 37(2):72-75. (In Chinese)
[13] 牟元存, 王光权, 王树栋. TSP203在灰岩地区隧道施工过程中的应用与探索[J]. 工程地球物理报,2010,7(2):177-184MU Y C, WANG G Q,WANG S D. Application of TSP203 to limestone areas of tunnel construction[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics, 2010,7(2):177-184. (In Chinese)
[14] 智刚. TSP超前地质预报结果准确性的影响因素分析[J]. 路基工程, 2015(5):139-143.ZHI G. The influence factors of TSP advance geological forecast accuracy analysis[J]. Subgrade Engineering,2015(5):139-143.(In Chinese)
[15] 高树全. 高瓦斯隧道穿越煤系地层段TSP法超前探测[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2017, 39(2):188-194. GAO S Q. TSP geological prediction of high gas tunnel crossing coal measures formation[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2017, 39(2):188-194. (In Chinese)
[2] 张霄, 李术才, 张庆松,等. 大型地下含水体对地震波特殊反射规律的现场正演试验研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54(5):1367-1374.ZHANG X, LI S C, ZHANG Q S, et al. Field-testing study on seismic reflection response of large-scale underground water-bearing body[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(5):1367-1374. (In Chinese)
[3] 李术才, 刘斌, 孙怀凤,等. 隧道施工超前地质预报研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(6):1090-1113.LI S C, LIU B, SUN H F, et al. State of art and trends of advanced geological prediction in tunnel construction[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(6):1090-1113.(In Chinese)
[4] 吴世勇, 周济芳. 锦屏二级水电站长引水隧洞高地应力下开敞式硬岩隧道掘进机安全快速掘进技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(8):1657-1665.WU S Y, ZHOU J F. Kam screen secondary hydropower station diversion tunnel under high in-situ stress open type hard rock tunnel boring machine safety rapid excavation technology research[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012,31(8):1657-1665.(In Chinese)
[5] 刘恒林. TSP在瓦斯隧道超前地质预报中的应用研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学, 2013.LIU H L. The application of TSP in coal seam gas tunnel[D]. Beijing:China university of geosciences,2013. (In Chinese)
[6] 王占鲁, 毛金龙, 杨拯,等. 煤系地层不良地质条件下公路隧道支护设计方法[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2015, 11(s2):601-606.WANG Z L, MAO J L, YANG Z, et al. Research on design method of expressway tunnel in the conditions of coal measure strata[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2015, 11(s2): 601-606. (In Chinese)
[7] 刘杨, 姚海波. 天然气高瓦斯山岭隧道地质灾害的特点与预报[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2011, 28(3):69-71.LIU Y, YAO H B. Characteristcs and prediction of geological disaster of high gas mountain tunnel[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2011, 28(3):69-71. (In Chinese)
[8] 张志龙, 王兰生, 王跃飞,等. 雪峰山高速公路隧道F2断层带的综合超前地质预报[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(A01):3311-3315.ZHANG Z L,WANG L S,WANG Y F,et al. Comperhensive advanced geological preaiction of fault F2 in Xuefeng mountain hifhway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(A01):3311-3315.(In Chinese)
[9] 梁东, 廖振芳. 铁路客运专线红石岩瓦斯隧道施工对策[J]. 隧道建设, 2007, 27(s1):36-39.LIANG D,LIAO Z F. Construction countermeasures for Hongshiyan tunnel: a gas tunnel on passenger-dedicated railway[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2007, 27(s1):36-39. (In Chinese)
[10] 宋南涛, 陈炜韬, 王明年,等. 煤系地层采空区对隧道施工安全性的影响[J]. 铁道建筑技术, 2007(3):48-51.SONG N T,CHEN W T, WANG M N, et al. Safety analysis of tunnelling in coal-minded area[J]. Railway Construction Technology,2007(3):48-51. (In Chinese)
[11] 高菊如, 涂文轩. 隧道开挖炮孔填塞技术试验研究[J]. 铁道建筑, 2005(s1):47-50.GAO J R,TU W X. Experimental research on borehole stemming technique adopted in tunnel blasting driving[J]. Railway Engineering, 2005(s1):47-50. (In Chinese)
[12] 詹龙飞. TSP技术在隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].铁道勘察,2011, 37(2):72-75.ZHAN L F. Applications of TSP technique in geological prediction of tunnel in advance[J]. Railway Investigation and Surveying,2011, 37(2):72-75. (In Chinese)
[13] 牟元存, 王光权, 王树栋. TSP203在灰岩地区隧道施工过程中的应用与探索[J]. 工程地球物理报,2010,7(2):177-184MU Y C, WANG G Q,WANG S D. Application of TSP203 to limestone areas of tunnel construction[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics, 2010,7(2):177-184. (In Chinese)
[14] 智刚. TSP超前地质预报结果准确性的影响因素分析[J]. 路基工程, 2015(5):139-143.ZHI G. The influence factors of TSP advance geological forecast accuracy analysis[J]. Subgrade Engineering,2015(5):139-143.(In Chinese)
[15] 高树全. 高瓦斯隧道穿越煤系地层段TSP法超前探测[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2017, 39(2):188-194. GAO S Q. TSP geological prediction of high gas tunnel crossing coal measures formation[J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2017, 39(2):188-194. (In Chinese)