IT能力构建及其对企业和谐信息化的影响研究
|
摘要
基于和谐管理理论,对基于资源基础理论和动态能力理论的IT能力进行了重新构建,并进行了维度划分,阐述了其意义所在。基于和谐管理理论与和谐信息化体系理论,和谐信息化有了新内涵,提出了和谐信息化是企业信息化的绩效,也是企业信息化的一个发展方向。通过对华南地区281个中国企业样本的实证研究,验证了IT能力量表构建的信度和效度,实证结果表明,IT人物互动能力是实现企业和谐信息化的最重要因素,由此表明,企业更应注重IT人物互动能力的提升。案例研究也印证了此结论。在今后研究中,可以IT人物互动能力为和谐主题,分析其在企业信息化各阶段的具体表现,并制定科学的提升计划,以促使企业和谐信息化绩效的实现。
Pursuant to the harmony management theory, IT capability is reconstructed on the basis of resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory. This article divide the IT capability into IT physical elements ability, IT human ability and IT human-physical elements interactive ability, and puts forward the IT physical elements ability to pass the "design optimization of control mechanism" to build, IT human elements ability to pass the "move to change the evolution mechanism" to build, IT human-physical interactive ability through "coupling mechanism" to build. On the basis of referring to relevant scales, the measurement scales of IT physical elements ability, IT human elements ability and IT human-physical interaction ability are developed.Based on the theory ofharmonized informatization system, this paper divides harmonized informatization into two dimensions: "strategic consistency" and "harmonious coupling". On the basis of referring to relevant scales, the measurement scales of "strategic consistency" and "harmonious coupling" are developed. Based on the theory of harmony management and the theory of harmonized informatization system, this paper gives the new connotation of harmonious informatization and puts forward that harmonized informatization is the performance of enterprise informatization and also a development direction of enterprise informatization.Through the empirical study of 281 samples of Chinese enterprises in south China, the reliability and validity of IT capability scale construction are verified, as well as the reliability and validity of harmony information scale. The empirical study shows that IT capability has better structural characteristics of three dimensions, and harmonized informatization has better structural characteristics of two dimensions.This paper constructs a theoretical model of the impact of IT capability on enterprise harmoniousinformatization, proposes research hypotheses, and tests the theoretical model through structural equation model. The empirical results show that the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical is the key ability to realize the harmonious informatization of enterprises, while the ability of IT material elements and the ability of IT human elements can only be regarded as the basis of building the interaction ability of IT characters. This shows that enterprises can only rely on improving the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical if they want to improve the performance of harmonious informatization. The enterprise case study based on Hainan province also proves the correctness of the conclusion.The research of this paper shows that, in the management practice, on the one hand, the IT infrastructure connecting all business departments and even the whole enterprise should be built inside the enterprise to achieve the information sharing within the enterprise, and the information system should be easy to upgrade and optimize, the information system should adopt standardized technical components as far as possible. On the other hand, IT personnel and IT department should be able to communicate well with the business department and establish a mutual trust relationship. IT personnel should be able to understand the key business processes of the enterprise and care about the organizational change and growth. Both IT department and enterprise should establish a long-term cooperative relationship based on trust with key IT providers and service providers. Only in this way can the enterprise information system planning be closely integrated with the enterprise strategic planning, and the cooperation between the core enterprises of the supply chain be close, so as to achieve the enterprise harmoniousinformatization performance.In the future research, we can take the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical as the theme of harmony, analyze their specific performance in each stage of enterpriseinformatization, and make scientific improvement plan to promote the realization of enterprise harmonious informatization performance.
Pursuant to the harmony management theory, IT capability is reconstructed on the basis of resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory. This article divide the IT capability into IT physical elements ability, IT human ability and IT human-physical elements interactive ability, and puts forward the IT physical elements ability to pass the "design optimization of control mechanism" to build, IT human elements ability to pass the "move to change the evolution mechanism" to build, IT human-physical interactive ability through "coupling mechanism" to build. On the basis of referring to relevant scales, the measurement scales of IT physical elements ability, IT human elements ability and IT human-physical interaction ability are developed.Based on the theory ofharmonized informatization system, this paper divides harmonized informatization into two dimensions: "strategic consistency" and "harmonious coupling". On the basis of referring to relevant scales, the measurement scales of "strategic consistency" and "harmonious coupling" are developed. Based on the theory of harmony management and the theory of harmonized informatization system, this paper gives the new connotation of harmonious informatization and puts forward that harmonized informatization is the performance of enterprise informatization and also a development direction of enterprise informatization.Through the empirical study of 281 samples of Chinese enterprises in south China, the reliability and validity of IT capability scale construction are verified, as well as the reliability and validity of harmony information scale. The empirical study shows that IT capability has better structural characteristics of three dimensions, and harmonized informatization has better structural characteristics of two dimensions.This paper constructs a theoretical model of the impact of IT capability on enterprise harmoniousinformatization, proposes research hypotheses, and tests the theoretical model through structural equation model. The empirical results show that the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical is the key ability to realize the harmonious informatization of enterprises, while the ability of IT material elements and the ability of IT human elements can only be regarded as the basis of building the interaction ability of IT characters. This shows that enterprises can only rely on improving the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical if they want to improve the performance of harmonious informatization. The enterprise case study based on Hainan province also proves the correctness of the conclusion.The research of this paper shows that, in the management practice, on the one hand, the IT infrastructure connecting all business departments and even the whole enterprise should be built inside the enterprise to achieve the information sharing within the enterprise, and the information system should be easy to upgrade and optimize, the information system should adopt standardized technical components as far as possible. On the other hand, IT personnel and IT department should be able to communicate well with the business department and establish a mutual trust relationship. IT personnel should be able to understand the key business processes of the enterprise and care about the organizational change and growth. Both IT department and enterprise should establish a long-term cooperative relationship based on trust with key IT providers and service providers. Only in this way can the enterprise information system planning be closely integrated with the enterprise strategic planning, and the cooperation between the core enterprises of the supply chain be close, so as to achieve the enterprise harmoniousinformatization performance.In the future research, we can take the interaction ability of IT human and IT physical as the theme of harmony, analyze their specific performance in each stage of enterpriseinformatization, and make scientific improvement plan to promote the realization of enterprise harmonious informatization performance.
引文
[1] Ross J.W.,Beath C.M.,Goodhue D.L.Develop long-term competitiveness through IT assets [J].Sloan Management Review,1996,38(1):31-42.
[2] Wade M.,Hulland,J.Review:The resources-based view and information systems research review,extension,and suggestions for future research[J].MIS Quarterly,2004,28(1):107-142.
[3] James J.J.,Jamie Y.T.C.,Houn-Gee C.,Eric T.G.W,Gary K.Achieving IT program goals with integrative conflict management [J].Journal of Management Information Systems,2014,31(1):79-106.
[4] Shelly Ping-Ju W.,Detmar W.S.,Ting-Peng L.How information technology governance mechanism and strategic alignment influence organizational performance:Insights from a matched survey of business and IT managers [J].MIS Quarterly,2015(6),39(2):497-518.
[5] 顾飞.企业和谐信息化体系构建研究[D].博士学位论文,山东大学,2012.Gu Fei.The study on the syetem building of enterprises Hexie informationizing[D].Shandong University,2012.
[6] 席酉民,韩巍,葛京等.和谐管理理论研究[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2006.Xi Youmin,Han Wei,Ge Jing.The research on Hexie management theory[M].Xi-An:Xi-An Jiaotong University Press,2006.
[7] Mata F.J.,Fuerst W.L.,Barney J.B.Information technology and sustain competitive advantage:A resource-based analysis[J] .MIS Quarterly,1995,19(4):487-505.
[8] 毛海军,巩见刚,郭京福.基于IT应用的IT能力对竞争优势的影响研究[J].中国管理信息化,2007,10(11):17-20.Mao Haijun,Gong Jiangang,Guo Jingfu.Research on influence of IT capability on firm competitive advantage based on IT application[J].China Management Informationization,2007,10(11):17-20.
[9] Byrd T.A.,Turner D.E.Measuring the flexibility of information technology infrastructure:Exploratory analysis of a construct[J].Journal of Management Information Systems,2000,17(1):167-208.
[10] Tallon P.P.,Kraemer K.L.Leveraging IT infrastructure for firm performance:Perspectives on IT resource positioning under environmental dynamism[J].MIS Quarterly,2004.
[11] Powell T.C.,Dent M.A.Information technology as competitive advantage:"The role of human,business,and technology resources [J].Strategic Management Journal,1997,18(5):375-405.
[12] Ray G.,Muhanna W.A.,Barney J.B.Information technology and the performance of the customer service process :A resource-based analysis[J].MIS Quarterly,2005,29 (4):625-652.
[13] Barua A.C.,Kriebel T.Mukhopadyay.Information technologies and business value:An analytic and empirical investigation [J].Information Systems Research,1995,6(1):3-23.
[14] Dehning B.,Richardson V.J.Returns on investments in information technology:A research synthesis [J].Journal of Information Systems Management,2002,16(1):7-30.
[15] Porter M.E.Competitive advantage:Creating and sustaining superior performance [M].New York:The Free Press,1985.
[16] King W.R.IT capabilities,business processes,and impact on the bottom line [J].Information Systems Management,2002,19(2):85-87.
[17] Melville N.,Wallace E.Review:Information technology and organizational performance:An integrative model of its business value [J].MIS Quarterly,2004,28(2):283-322.
[18] 郑大庆,黄丽华,张嵩等.信息系统(IS)能力与企业竞争优势研究——基于动态能力理论( DCV)视角[J].软科学,2006,20(5):113-117.Zheng Daqing,Huang Lihua,Zhang Song.The research on mechanism between information systems of dynamic capabilities review and firm competitive advantage———Based on the perspective of DCV[J].Soft Science,2006,20(5):113-117.
[19] 张鹤达.基于资源观的IT能力对企业绩效的影响机制研究[D].博士学位论文,吉林大学,2008.Zhang Heda.Research on influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance based on RBV[D].Jilin University,2008.
[20] Milgrom P.,Roberts J.The economics of modern manufacturing:Technology,strategy,and organization [J].American Economic Review,1990,80(3):511-528.
[21] 李治堂.基于互补性理论的信息技术投资绩效研究[J].科研管理,2009,30(1):08-14,27.Li Zhitang.Research on information technology investment performance:A complementary perspective[J].Science Research Management,2009,30(1):08-14,27.
[2] Wade M.,Hulland,J.Review:The resources-based view and information systems research review,extension,and suggestions for future research[J].MIS Quarterly,2004,28(1):107-142.
[3] James J.J.,Jamie Y.T.C.,Houn-Gee C.,Eric T.G.W,Gary K.Achieving IT program goals with integrative conflict management [J].Journal of Management Information Systems,2014,31(1):79-106.
[4] Shelly Ping-Ju W.,Detmar W.S.,Ting-Peng L.How information technology governance mechanism and strategic alignment influence organizational performance:Insights from a matched survey of business and IT managers [J].MIS Quarterly,2015(6),39(2):497-518.
[5] 顾飞.企业和谐信息化体系构建研究[D].博士学位论文,山东大学,2012.Gu Fei.The study on the syetem building of enterprises Hexie informationizing[D].Shandong University,2012.
[6] 席酉民,韩巍,葛京等.和谐管理理论研究[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2006.Xi Youmin,Han Wei,Ge Jing.The research on Hexie management theory[M].Xi-An:Xi-An Jiaotong University Press,2006.
[7] Mata F.J.,Fuerst W.L.,Barney J.B.Information technology and sustain competitive advantage:A resource-based analysis[J] .MIS Quarterly,1995,19(4):487-505.
[8] 毛海军,巩见刚,郭京福.基于IT应用的IT能力对竞争优势的影响研究[J].中国管理信息化,2007,10(11):17-20.Mao Haijun,Gong Jiangang,Guo Jingfu.Research on influence of IT capability on firm competitive advantage based on IT application[J].China Management Informationization,2007,10(11):17-20.
[9] Byrd T.A.,Turner D.E.Measuring the flexibility of information technology infrastructure:Exploratory analysis of a construct[J].Journal of Management Information Systems,2000,17(1):167-208.
[10] Tallon P.P.,Kraemer K.L.Leveraging IT infrastructure for firm performance:Perspectives on IT resource positioning under environmental dynamism[J].MIS Quarterly,2004.
[11] Powell T.C.,Dent M.A.Information technology as competitive advantage:"The role of human,business,and technology resources [J].Strategic Management Journal,1997,18(5):375-405.
[12] Ray G.,Muhanna W.A.,Barney J.B.Information technology and the performance of the customer service process :A resource-based analysis[J].MIS Quarterly,2005,29 (4):625-652.
[13] Barua A.C.,Kriebel T.Mukhopadyay.Information technologies and business value:An analytic and empirical investigation [J].Information Systems Research,1995,6(1):3-23.
[14] Dehning B.,Richardson V.J.Returns on investments in information technology:A research synthesis [J].Journal of Information Systems Management,2002,16(1):7-30.
[15] Porter M.E.Competitive advantage:Creating and sustaining superior performance [M].New York:The Free Press,1985.
[16] King W.R.IT capabilities,business processes,and impact on the bottom line [J].Information Systems Management,2002,19(2):85-87.
[17] Melville N.,Wallace E.Review:Information technology and organizational performance:An integrative model of its business value [J].MIS Quarterly,2004,28(2):283-322.
[18] 郑大庆,黄丽华,张嵩等.信息系统(IS)能力与企业竞争优势研究——基于动态能力理论( DCV)视角[J].软科学,2006,20(5):113-117.Zheng Daqing,Huang Lihua,Zhang Song.The research on mechanism between information systems of dynamic capabilities review and firm competitive advantage———Based on the perspective of DCV[J].Soft Science,2006,20(5):113-117.
[19] 张鹤达.基于资源观的IT能力对企业绩效的影响机制研究[D].博士学位论文,吉林大学,2008.Zhang Heda.Research on influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance based on RBV[D].Jilin University,2008.
[20] Milgrom P.,Roberts J.The economics of modern manufacturing:Technology,strategy,and organization [J].American Economic Review,1990,80(3):511-528.
[21] 李治堂.基于互补性理论的信息技术投资绩效研究[J].科研管理,2009,30(1):08-14,27.Li Zhitang.Research on information technology investment performance:A complementary perspective[J].Science Research Management,2009,30(1):08-14,27.