复杂型面滚轧成形设备现状分析
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摘要
相比于传统切削加工,复杂型面滚轧成形轴类零件的强度提升、表面质量好、加工时间短、材料利用率高。复杂型面滚轧工艺类型更多、成形过程运动更复杂,不同复杂型面滚轧工艺所要求成形设备结构及运动方式也各不相同,因此首先分析了复杂型面滚轧工艺类型及衍生分支,进而阐明了相应的平板模具搓制、轮式模具滚轧、轴向进给主动旋转滚轧的设备结构原理及运动特征,评述了不同类型的复杂型面滚轧设备的最新研究进展,介绍了具有代表性的典型产品。在此基础上指出了伺服化是复杂型面滚轧设备发展趋势,复合振动或温成形是解决高强材料复杂型面精确滚轧问题的途径。
Compared with the traditional machining, the shaft parts formed by complex profile rolling process have increased strength and good surface quality with short time of manufacture and high utilization of material. However, there are many types of complex profile rolling processes, and motion in the process is more complex. The structure and motion of rolling machine for different rolling processes are also different. Thus, the types and derived branches of complex profile rolling process were analyzed at first. Then the structure, principle and motion characteristic of rolling machines for rolling with flat dies, rolling with round dies and axial-pushed rolling with active rotation were illuminated. The recent advances in different types of rolling machines were stated. The typical rolling machines for different rolling types were introduced. Then it is presented that the developmental trend of rolling machine for complex profile rolling process is servo; and coupling with vibration or warm forming is an approach to provide precision rolling of complex profile used high-strength material.
Compared with the traditional machining, the shaft parts formed by complex profile rolling process have increased strength and good surface quality with short time of manufacture and high utilization of material. However, there are many types of complex profile rolling processes, and motion in the process is more complex. The structure and motion of rolling machine for different rolling processes are also different. Thus, the types and derived branches of complex profile rolling process were analyzed at first. Then the structure, principle and motion characteristic of rolling machines for rolling with flat dies, rolling with round dies and axial-pushed rolling with active rotation were illuminated. The recent advances in different types of rolling machines were stated. The typical rolling machines for different rolling types were introduced. Then it is presented that the developmental trend of rolling machine for complex profile rolling process is servo; and coupling with vibration or warm forming is an approach to provide precision rolling of complex profile used high-strength material.
引文
[1]赵升吨,李泳峄,刘辰,等.复杂型面轴类零件高效高性能精密滚轧成形工艺装备探讨[J].精密成形工程,2014,6(5):1-8.ZHAO Sheng-dun,LI Yong-yi,LIU Chen,et al.Discussion on the High-efficiency High-performance Precise Rolling Forming Process and Equipment of Shaft Parts with Complex Shape[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2014,6(5):1-8.
[2]李泳峄,赵升吨,孙振宇,等.花键轴高效精密坯料化生产工艺的合理性探讨[J].锻压技术,2012,34(3):1-6.LI Yong-yi,ZHAO Sheng-dun,SUN Zhen-yu,et al Investigation on Rationality of High-efficision and Vatch Production Process for Spline Shaft[J].Forging&Stanping Technology,2012,34(3):1-6.
[3]张大伟,赵升吨.外螺纹冷滚压精密成形工艺研究进展[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2015,50(2):88-91.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Research Development of Cold Rolling Precision Forming Process of External Thread[J].China Metal Forming Equipment&Manufacturing Technology,2015,50(2):88-91.
[4]张大伟,赵升吨.行星滚柱丝杠副滚柱塑性成形的探讨[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(3):385-389.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Discussion of Plastic Forming for Roller in PRSs[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2015,26(3):385-389.
[5]张大伟,赵升吨.螺纹花键同轴零件高效同步滚压成形研究动态[J].精密成形工程,2015,7(2):24-29.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Research Status of High Efficiency Forming Shaft Having Thread and Spline Coaxially by Synchronous Rolling[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2015,7(2):24-29.
[6]ZHANG Da-wei,LI Yong-tang,FU Jian-hua,et al.Mechanics Analysis on Precise Forming Process of External Spline Cold Rolling[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,20(3):54-58.
[7]ZHANG Da-wei,LI Yong-tang,FU Jian-hua,et al.Rolling Force and Rolling Moment in Spline Cold Rolling Using Slip-Line Field Method[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,22(5):688-695.
[8]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Deformation Characteristic of Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,87:835-851.
[9]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,OU Heng-an.Analysis of Motion between Rolling Die and Workpiece in Thread Rolling Process with Round Dies[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2016,105:471-494.
[10]CUI Min-chao,ZHAO Sheng-dun,ZHANG Da-wei et al.Deformation Mechanism and Performance Improvement of Spline Shaft with 42CrMo Steel by Axial-infeed Incremental Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,88:2621-2630.
[11]赵升吨,贾先.智能制造及其核心信息设备的研究进展及趋势[J].机械科学与技术,2017,36(1):1-16.ZHAO Sheng-dun,JIA Xian.Research Progress and Development Trend of Intelligent Manufacturing and Its Core Information Equipment[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2017,36(1):1-16.
[12]王秀伦.螺纹冷滚压加工技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1990.WANG Xiu-lun.Cold Rolling Technology of Thread[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1990.
[13]宋建丽,刘志奇,李永堂.轴类零件冷滚压精密成形理论与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2013.SONG Jian-li,LIU Zhi-qi,LI Yong-tang.Cold Rolling Precision Forming of Shaft Parts:Theory and Technologies[M].Beijing:Defense Industrial Press,2013.
[14]赵升吨,李泳峄,孙振宇,等.一种花键四模具超声增量式挤压滚轧复合成形装置及工艺:中国,ZL201110434048.X[P].2011.ZHAO Sheng-dun,LI Yong-yi,SUN Zhen-yu,et al.AUltrasonic-assisted Extrusion-rolling Incremental Forming Process with Four Dies and Its Equipment:China,ZL201110434048.X[P].2011.
[15]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.New Method for Forming Shaft Having Thread and Spline by Rolling with Round Dies[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,70:1455-1462.
[16]ZHANG Da-wei.Die Structure and Its Trial Manufacture for Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018,96:319-325.
[17]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,WU Shi-bo,et al.Phase Characteristic between Dies Before Rolling for Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,81(1/2/3/4):513-528.
[18]ZHANG Da-wei,LIU Bing-kun,XU Fang-fang,et al.ANote on Phase Characteristic among Rollers before Thread or Spline Rolling[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018.
[19]张大伟,赵升吨,吴士波.一种主动旋转轴向进给三模具滚压成形螺纹件的方法:中国,ZL201410012625.X[P]2014.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,WU Shi-bo.AAxial-feeded and Active Rotating with Three Dies of Thread:China,ZL201410012625.X[P].2014.
[20]Kinefac Corporation.Kine-Roller○R Cylindrical Die Rolling Machines[EB/OL].[2018-9-24].http://www.kinefac.com//p-product-line-01-kine-roller.html.
[21]CUI Min-chao,ZHAO Sheng-dun,ZHANG Da-wei et al.Finite Element Analysis on Axial-pushed Incremental Warm Rolling Process of Spline Shaft with 42CrMo Steel and Relevant Improvement[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,90:2477-2490.
[22]Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp.Machine Tools[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.nachi-fujikoshi.co.jp/eng/kos/index.htm.
[23]Profiroll Technologies.Machines[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.profiroll.com/en/.
[24]Escofier Company.Process[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.escofier.com/.
[2]李泳峄,赵升吨,孙振宇,等.花键轴高效精密坯料化生产工艺的合理性探讨[J].锻压技术,2012,34(3):1-6.LI Yong-yi,ZHAO Sheng-dun,SUN Zhen-yu,et al Investigation on Rationality of High-efficision and Vatch Production Process for Spline Shaft[J].Forging&Stanping Technology,2012,34(3):1-6.
[3]张大伟,赵升吨.外螺纹冷滚压精密成形工艺研究进展[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2015,50(2):88-91.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Research Development of Cold Rolling Precision Forming Process of External Thread[J].China Metal Forming Equipment&Manufacturing Technology,2015,50(2):88-91.
[4]张大伟,赵升吨.行星滚柱丝杠副滚柱塑性成形的探讨[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(3):385-389.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Discussion of Plastic Forming for Roller in PRSs[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2015,26(3):385-389.
[5]张大伟,赵升吨.螺纹花键同轴零件高效同步滚压成形研究动态[J].精密成形工程,2015,7(2):24-29.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Research Status of High Efficiency Forming Shaft Having Thread and Spline Coaxially by Synchronous Rolling[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2015,7(2):24-29.
[6]ZHANG Da-wei,LI Yong-tang,FU Jian-hua,et al.Mechanics Analysis on Precise Forming Process of External Spline Cold Rolling[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2007,20(3):54-58.
[7]ZHANG Da-wei,LI Yong-tang,FU Jian-hua,et al.Rolling Force and Rolling Moment in Spline Cold Rolling Using Slip-Line Field Method[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,22(5):688-695.
[8]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.Deformation Characteristic of Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,87:835-851.
[9]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,OU Heng-an.Analysis of Motion between Rolling Die and Workpiece in Thread Rolling Process with Round Dies[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2016,105:471-494.
[10]CUI Min-chao,ZHAO Sheng-dun,ZHANG Da-wei et al.Deformation Mechanism and Performance Improvement of Spline Shaft with 42CrMo Steel by Axial-infeed Incremental Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,88:2621-2630.
[11]赵升吨,贾先.智能制造及其核心信息设备的研究进展及趋势[J].机械科学与技术,2017,36(1):1-16.ZHAO Sheng-dun,JIA Xian.Research Progress and Development Trend of Intelligent Manufacturing and Its Core Information Equipment[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering,2017,36(1):1-16.
[12]王秀伦.螺纹冷滚压加工技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1990.WANG Xiu-lun.Cold Rolling Technology of Thread[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,1990.
[13]宋建丽,刘志奇,李永堂.轴类零件冷滚压精密成形理论与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2013.SONG Jian-li,LIU Zhi-qi,LI Yong-tang.Cold Rolling Precision Forming of Shaft Parts:Theory and Technologies[M].Beijing:Defense Industrial Press,2013.
[14]赵升吨,李泳峄,孙振宇,等.一种花键四模具超声增量式挤压滚轧复合成形装置及工艺:中国,ZL201110434048.X[P].2011.ZHAO Sheng-dun,LI Yong-yi,SUN Zhen-yu,et al.AUltrasonic-assisted Extrusion-rolling Incremental Forming Process with Four Dies and Its Equipment:China,ZL201110434048.X[P].2011.
[15]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun.New Method for Forming Shaft Having Thread and Spline by Rolling with Round Dies[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,70:1455-1462.
[16]ZHANG Da-wei.Die Structure and Its Trial Manufacture for Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018,96:319-325.
[17]ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,WU Shi-bo,et al.Phase Characteristic between Dies Before Rolling for Thread and Spline Synchronous Rolling Process[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,81(1/2/3/4):513-528.
[18]ZHANG Da-wei,LIU Bing-kun,XU Fang-fang,et al.ANote on Phase Characteristic among Rollers before Thread or Spline Rolling[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2018.
[19]张大伟,赵升吨,吴士波.一种主动旋转轴向进给三模具滚压成形螺纹件的方法:中国,ZL201410012625.X[P]2014.ZHANG Da-wei,ZHAO Sheng-dun,WU Shi-bo.AAxial-feeded and Active Rotating with Three Dies of Thread:China,ZL201410012625.X[P].2014.
[20]Kinefac Corporation.Kine-Roller○R Cylindrical Die Rolling Machines[EB/OL].[2018-9-24].http://www.kinefac.com//p-product-line-01-kine-roller.html.
[21]CUI Min-chao,ZHAO Sheng-dun,ZHANG Da-wei et al.Finite Element Analysis on Axial-pushed Incremental Warm Rolling Process of Spline Shaft with 42CrMo Steel and Relevant Improvement[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,90:2477-2490.
[22]Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp.Machine Tools[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.nachi-fujikoshi.co.jp/eng/kos/index.htm.
[23]Profiroll Technologies.Machines[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.profiroll.com/en/.
[24]Escofier Company.Process[EB/OL].[2018-09-24].http://www.escofier.com/.
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