考虑滚动体误差时高速电主轴轴承的受力和寿命研究
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摘要
以高速电主轴为研究对象,对支承电主轴的角接触球轴承进行了力学分析,建立了能够在考虑滚动体尺寸误差的情况下计算每一滚动体受力的计算模型。结合具体算例,在不考虑滚动体尺寸误差时,研究了轴向载荷和径向载荷对每个滚动体受力的影响,计算研究了滚动体尺寸误差对各滚动体受力及轴承寿命的影响。数值计算结果表明,滚动体存在正误差或负误差时都会改变每个滚动体的受力,都会使滚动轴承的寿命降低。研究了滚动体加工精度对电主轴支承的角接触球轴承寿命影响,得出了具体的影响曲线,结果表明,随着加工精度的降低,支承电主轴的角接触球轴承的寿命会快速下降,当精度低于G40时下降速度迅速增加。
Taking the high speed spindle as the research subject, the mechanical model of angular contact ball bearings was established to calculate the contact load of every ball with consideration of dimension errors through the mechanical analysis on the angular contact ball bearing support of the high speed motorized spindle. For a specific example, the influences of the axial load and radial load on the contact load of every ball were studied without considering the rolling element size error. The results show that if the axial load is a constant, the variation of the radial load will change the contact load distribution of the ball. The greater the radial load, the greater the difference between the maximum contact load of the ball and the minimum contact load of the ball. The influences of the dimension error on the contact stress and fatigue life of every ball of two situations were also studied. The first one is that every ball has no dimension error, and the second one is that every ball has a random dimension error. The results show that both positive and negative errors of the rolling element will change the force of each rolling element, and will reduce the life of the rolling bearing. The influences of the rolling machining accuracy on fatigue life of angular contact ball bearing were investigated, and then the concrete curves were obtained. The results show that the fatigue life of angular contact ball bearing will decrease rapidly as the machining precision decreases. The rate of decline rapidly increase when the accuracy is lower than the G40.
Taking the high speed spindle as the research subject, the mechanical model of angular contact ball bearings was established to calculate the contact load of every ball with consideration of dimension errors through the mechanical analysis on the angular contact ball bearing support of the high speed motorized spindle. For a specific example, the influences of the axial load and radial load on the contact load of every ball were studied without considering the rolling element size error. The results show that if the axial load is a constant, the variation of the radial load will change the contact load distribution of the ball. The greater the radial load, the greater the difference between the maximum contact load of the ball and the minimum contact load of the ball. The influences of the dimension error on the contact stress and fatigue life of every ball of two situations were also studied. The first one is that every ball has no dimension error, and the second one is that every ball has a random dimension error. The results show that both positive and negative errors of the rolling element will change the force of each rolling element, and will reduce the life of the rolling bearing. The influences of the rolling machining accuracy on fatigue life of angular contact ball bearing were investigated, and then the concrete curves were obtained. The results show that the fatigue life of angular contact ball bearing will decrease rapidly as the machining precision decreases. The rate of decline rapidly increase when the accuracy is lower than the G40.
引文
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[9] 赵春江, 熊杰. 惯性载荷对高速角接触球轴承最优预紧力的影响分析[J].工程设计学报, 2015, 22(2): 150-154.
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[16] 甄妮, 安琦.考虑滚珠尺寸误差时滚珠螺旋副的受力和寿命分析[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 43(5): 724-732.
[17] 马方波, 纪鹏, 安琦.双列球面滚子轴承力学分析及滚子受载计算方法[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 41(1): 111-117.
[2] GAO Y Z, ALTINTAS Y S F. A general method for the modeling of spindle bearing systems[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, 2004, 126(6): 1089-1104.
[3] LIEW A, FENG N, HAHN E. Transient rotordynamic modeling of rolling element bearing systems[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2002, 124(4): 984-991.
[4] JIANG S Y, MAO H. Investigation of variable optimum preload for a machine tool spindle[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2010, 50(1): 19-28.
[5] BAI C Q, XU Q Y. Dynamic model of ball bearings with internal clearance and waviness[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2006, 294(1): 23-48.
[6] 李松生. 超高速电主轴球轴承-转子系统动力学性能的研究[D]. 上海: 上海大学, 2006.
[7] 黄伟迪, 甘春标. 高速电主轴角接触球轴承刚度及其对电主轴临界转速的影响分析[J].振动与冲击, 2017, 36(10): 19-25.
[8] 胡赤兵, 黄丛领. 电主轴角接触球轴承摩擦学和动力学耦合分析[J].兰州理工大学学报, 2013, 39(3): 30-33.
[9] 赵春江, 熊杰. 惯性载荷对高速角接触球轴承最优预紧力的影响分析[J].工程设计学报, 2015, 22(2): 150-154.
[10] 李德水, 陈国定. 基于拟动力学高速角接触球轴承动态特性分析[J]. 航空动力学报, 2017, 32(3): 730-739.
[11] 徐立晖. 高速电主轴角接触球轴承力学特性研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2015.
[12] 赵紫生. 配合公差对角接触球轴承动态特性影响规律研究及参数优化[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2015.
[13] 安琦, 顾大强. 机械设计[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008.
[14] 万长森. 滚动轴承的分析方法[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 1987.
[15] 全国滚动轴承标准化技术委员会. GB/T308—2002滚动轴承钢球[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2003: 3-5.
[16] 甄妮, 安琦.考虑滚珠尺寸误差时滚珠螺旋副的受力和寿命分析[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 43(5): 724-732.
[17] 马方波, 纪鹏, 安琦.双列球面滚子轴承力学分析及滚子受载计算方法[J].华东理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 41(1): 111-117.