大型双排四点接触球轴承载荷分布影响因素研究
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摘要
为充分研究大型双排四点接触球轴承的载荷分布,采用超单元法模拟滚珠滚道接触,用等效梁法模拟螺栓,得到大型双排四点接触球轴承有限元简化模型,并通过与理论模型及经验公式结果对比,验证了该模型的正确性。在此基础上,利用此模型分析螺栓预紧力、安装表面平面度及变桨同步度对轴承载荷分布的影响。结果表明:随着均布螺栓预紧力的增加,轴承最大接触载荷先降低后小幅增加;非均布螺栓预紧力使轴承接触载荷波动加剧;平面度误差会造成轴承接触载荷分布不规则突变;当变桨同步度为负时,轴承的接触载荷增大。
In order to research the load distribution of a large-size-double row four-point-contact ball bearing,first,the supper element method is used to model the contact between raceways and rolling elements,and the equivalent beam method is used to model the bolt.Then,a simplified finite element model for a large-size double row four-point-contact ball bearing is obtained and its correctness is verified through the results comparison of theoretic algorithm and empirical formula.Finally,the influence of the bolt pretension,the mounting surface flatness and the differences between pitch angles on the load distribution of the bearing is analyzed by the model.The results show that with the increase of the even bolt pretension,the maximum contact load of bearing increases firstly and then slightly decreases.The uneven bolt pretension causes the exacerbated fluctuations of the bearing contact load.The surface flatness errors cause sudden changes of the contact loading distribution.When the degree of pitch-control synchronization is negative,the contact load of bearing increases.
In order to research the load distribution of a large-size-double row four-point-contact ball bearing,first,the supper element method is used to model the contact between raceways and rolling elements,and the equivalent beam method is used to model the bolt.Then,a simplified finite element model for a large-size double row four-point-contact ball bearing is obtained and its correctness is verified through the results comparison of theoretic algorithm and empirical formula.Finally,the influence of the bolt pretension,the mounting surface flatness and the differences between pitch angles on the load distribution of the bearing is analyzed by the model.The results show that with the increase of the even bolt pretension,the maximum contact load of bearing increases firstly and then slightly decreases.The uneven bolt pretension causes the exacerbated fluctuations of the bearing contact load.The surface flatness errors cause sudden changes of the contact loading distribution.When the degree of pitch-control synchronization is negative,the contact load of bearing increases.
引文
[1]俞黎萍,石亦平,刘瑞峰.风电机组主轴承选型与设计分析[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(2):80-86.YU Liping,SHI Yiping,LIU Ruifeng.Arrangement and design of main bearing for wind turbine[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(2):80-86.(in Chinese)
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[3]Spiewak S.Methodology for calculating the complete static carrying capacity of twin slewing bearing[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2016,101:181-194.
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[10]龚国伟.风电机组法兰螺栓连接建模与仿真技术研究[D].重庆大学,2014.GONG Guowei.Modeling and simulation research about the flange bolts connection of wind turbine[D].Chongqing University,2014.(in Chinese)
[11]江术新.MW级风电机组变桨系统动力学及结构仿真分析[D].重庆大学,2014.JIANG Shuxin.Structural and dynamics analysis on the pitch system of MW grade wind turbine[D].Chongqing University,2014.(in Chinese)
[12]Harris T A,korzalas M N.罗继伟,马伟,译.滚动轴承分析:第一卷轴承技术的基本概念[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.LUO Jiwei,MA weiyi.Rolling Bearing Analysis,Essential concepts of bearing technology[M].Beijing:Press of Mechanical industry,2009.(in Chinese)
[13]邓四二,贾群义,王燕霜.滚动轴承设计原理[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.DENG Sier,JIA Qunyi,WANG Yanshuang.Rolling bearing design theory[M].Beijing:China Standard Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]杜静,周云鹏,李成武.并网双馈风力发电机组整机建模与仿真[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(2):45-55.DU Jing,ZHOU Yunpeng,LI Chengwu.Modeling and simulation of a grid connected wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(2):45-55.(in Chinese)
[2]张建.基于柔性支撑的转盘轴承性能及结构参数研究[D].大连理工大学,2015.ZHANG Jian.Research on performances and structural parameters of slewing bearing with flexible supporting Structures[D].Dalian University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[3]Spiewak S.Methodology for calculating the complete static carrying capacity of twin slewing bearing[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2016,101:181-194.
[4]Glode6S,Poto8nik R,Fla2ker J.Computational model for calculation of static capacity and life time of large slewing bearing's raceway[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2012,47(1):16-30.
[5]Kania L,Krynke M,Mazanek E.A catalogue capacity of slewing bearings[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2014,58:29-45.
[6]王燕霜,袁倩倩.负游隙对特大型双排四点接触球轴承载荷分布的影响[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(21):110-115.WANG Yanshuang,YUAN Qianqian.Research on static load-carrying capacity of large size double row four-point contact ball bearings.Journal of Mechanical Design,2012,48(21):110-115.(in Chinese)
[7]陈国桢,徐绍仁,杨友中,等.特大型负游隙四点接触球轴承接触应力分析[J].机械传动,2009,33(5):83-85.CHEN Guozhen,XU Shaoren,YANG Youzhong,et al.Analysis on contact stress of large size four-point contact ball bearing with negative axial internal clearance[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2009,33(5):83-85.(in Chinese)
[8]王永全.王华,高学海,等.螺栓预紧力对转盘轴承载荷分布的影响[J].轴承,2013(12):13-16,50.WANG Yongquan,Wang Hua,GAO Xuehai,et al.Influence of bolt pretension on load distribution for slewing bearing[J].Journal of bearing,2013(12):13-16,50.(in Chinese)
[9]Guanci C,Jianmin W.Load performance of large-scale rolling bearings with supporting structure in wind turbines[J].Journal of Tribology-Transaction of The ASME,2012,134(4):041105.
[10]龚国伟.风电机组法兰螺栓连接建模与仿真技术研究[D].重庆大学,2014.GONG Guowei.Modeling and simulation research about the flange bolts connection of wind turbine[D].Chongqing University,2014.(in Chinese)
[11]江术新.MW级风电机组变桨系统动力学及结构仿真分析[D].重庆大学,2014.JIANG Shuxin.Structural and dynamics analysis on the pitch system of MW grade wind turbine[D].Chongqing University,2014.(in Chinese)
[12]Harris T A,korzalas M N.罗继伟,马伟,译.滚动轴承分析:第一卷轴承技术的基本概念[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.LUO Jiwei,MA weiyi.Rolling Bearing Analysis,Essential concepts of bearing technology[M].Beijing:Press of Mechanical industry,2009.(in Chinese)
[13]邓四二,贾群义,王燕霜.滚动轴承设计原理[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.DENG Sier,JIA Qunyi,WANG Yanshuang.Rolling bearing design theory[M].Beijing:China Standard Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]杜静,周云鹏,李成武.并网双馈风力发电机组整机建模与仿真[J].重庆大学学报,2015,38(2):45-55.DU Jing,ZHOU Yunpeng,LI Chengwu.Modeling and simulation of a grid connected wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2015,38(2):45-55.(in Chinese)